00:00:08:16 00:00:10:15 Hello, I'm Peter Tufano, and 00:00:10:16 00:00:12:05 you're listening to Leadership in 00:00:12:06 00:00:13:17 Extraordinary Times, a podcast 00:00:14:04 00:00:15:14 from Said Business School at the 00:00:15:15 00:00:16:16 University of Oxford. 00:00:18:04 00:00:20:01 This pandemic is not just a wake 00:00:20:02 00:00:21:24 up call, it's a dress rehearsal 00:00:22:00 00:00:23:12 for humanity's most pressing 00:00:23:13 00:00:24:12 problems. 00:00:24:22 00:00:26:18 So we need great leaders now more 00:00:26:19 00:00:27:18 than ever. 00:00:28:03 00:00:29:22 And in this series, based on our 00:00:29:23 00:00:31:14 programmes of live online events, 00:00:31:22 00:00:33:07 we're bringing you insights from our 00:00:33:08 00:00:34:19 world class research in the front 00:00:34:20 00:00:35:19 lines of business. 00:00:36:18 00:00:38:12 Subscribe now, wherever you get your 00:00:38:13 00:00:40:03 podcasts and discover our library 00:00:40:16 00:00:41:16 of past episodes. 00:00:42:18 00:00:44:03 You'll find conversations with some 00:00:44:04 00:00:45:08 of the world's most inspiring 00:00:45:09 00:00:47:03 leaders and analysis from our 00:00:47:04 00:00:48:19 experts and special guests across 00:00:48:22 00:00:50:02 all areas of business. 00:00:51:03 00:00:52:22 We're finding solutions so that we 00:00:52:23 00:00:54:08 can build forward 00:00:54:19 00:00:55:19 better. 00:00:59:25 00:01:02:10 Episode seven, revolutionising 00:01:02:11 00:01:03:23 health care innovation, putting 00:01:04:03 00:01:05:09 communities first. 00:01:06:17 00:01:08:11 The national rollout of the covid-19 00:01:08:19 00:01:10:02 vaccine in the U.K. 00:01:10:03 00:01:11:06 has shown that when we work 00:01:11:07 00:01:13:02 together, we can achieve what seems 00:01:13:03 00:01:14:02 impossible. 00:01:14:14 00:01:16:07 So in this episode, we're bringing 00:01:16:08 00:01:17:19 together leaders from industry, 00:01:17:20 00:01:19:16 policymaking, academia, 00:01:19:18 00:01:21:10 as well as entrepreneurs to discuss 00:01:21:16 00:01:23:16 how all of these stakeholders can 00:01:23:17 00:01:25:14 and must work collaboratively to 00:01:25:15 00:01:27:05 drive community centred innovation 00:01:27:13 00:01:28:13 for health. 00:01:29:19 00:01:31:04 It's time to rethink our health 00:01:31:05 00:01:33:05 systems and seeing through patients' 00:01:33:06 00:01:34:16 eyes is crucial when it comes to 00:01:34:17 00:01:35:17 improving services. 00:01:37:02 00:01:38:08 Current models tend to treat 00:01:38:09 00:01:39:20 patients as passive recipients 00:01:40:05 00:01:42:04 of care, but we're going to hear 00:01:42:05 00:01:44:09 how adopting an outside in approach 00:01:44:10 00:01:45:24 better responds to people's needs 00:01:46:04 00:01:47:11 and leaves no one behind. 00:01:48:17 00:01:50:02 We'll hear how there needs to be a 00:01:50:03 00:01:51:15 change in attitude when it comes to 00:01:51:16 00:01:53:03 patient and public involvement in 00:01:53:04 00:01:54:03 health care innovation. 00:01:55:02 00:01:56:16 Future solutions need to integrate 00:01:56:17 00:01:58:04 patients' perspectives into health 00:01:58:05 00:02:00:00 care design from the outset and at 00:02:00:03 00:02:01:21 every step, for example, by 00:02:01:22 00:02:03:03 equipping communities to get 00:02:03:04 00:02:04:05 involved in research and 00:02:04:06 00:02:05:06 development. 00:02:05:23 00:02:07:06 The Novartis Innovation Prize 00:02:07:19 00:02:09:11 assistive tech for multiple 00:02:09:12 00:02:11:01 sclerosis, or MS, was launched in 00:02:11:08 00:02:13:04 2020 to promote solutions 00:02:13:05 00:02:14:22 to mobility challenges faced by the 00:02:15:04 00:02:16:10 MS community and to raise 00:02:17:00 00:02:18:15 awareness of the need for outside 00:02:18:16 00:02:20:02 innovation that involves these 00:02:20:05 00:02:21:16 communities from day one. 00:02:23:04 00:02:24:14 Our panel includes the winner of 00:02:24:15 00:02:25:25 that prize, a leader from the 00:02:26:05 00:02:27:23 disability tech base, and I'm proud 00:02:28:04 00:02:29:17 to say also one of our alumni, 00:02:30:08 00:02:31:21 a leading patient advocate, the 00:02:32:05 00:02:34:07 EU Commission and the University's 00:02:34:08 00:02:35:23 Pro Vice Chancellor for Innovation. 00:02:36:24 00:02:38:04 They'll be considering the future of 00:02:38:05 00:02:39:18 innovation in health care in a post 00:02:39:19 00:02:41:11 covid era and how we must work 00:02:41:12 00:02:43:07 together across sectors 00:02:43:08 00:02:44:07 to shape this. 00:02:45:09 00:02:46:18 I'm now going to hand you over to 00:02:46:19 00:02:48:12 the co-host for the session, Chas 00:02:48:15 00:02:50:04 Bountra, Pro Vice Chancellor for 00:02:50:13 00:02:51:21 Innovation and Professor of 00:02:51:22 00:02:53:06 Translational Medicine at the 00:02:53:07 00:02:55:01 University of Oxford to introduce 00:02:55:02 00:02:56:02 our panel. 00:02:57:01 00:02:58:17 Ladies and gentlemen, welcome, 00:02:59:01 00:03:00:17 welcome to this series, Leadership 00:03:01:02 00:03:03:01 in Extraordinary Times, 00:03:03:11 00:03:04:23 and we certainly are living in 00:03:04:24 00:03:06:05 extraordinary times. 00:03:06:14 00:03:07:22 Thank you all for attending. 00:03:08:05 00:03:10:01 We've got a great session lined 00:03:10:02 00:03:11:01 up. 00:03:11:02 00:03:12:13 We want this to be interactive 00:03:12:22 00:03:14:13 as possible. So please ask lots of 00:03:14:18 00:03:15:18 questions. 00:03:15:21 00:03:17:16 I'm now going to hand you over to my 00:03:17:25 00:03:19:07 young genius co-host, Srin. 00:03:20:22 00:03:21:22 Srin, over to you. 00:03:22:21 00:03:23:21 Thank you, Chas. 00:03:24:01 00:03:25:20 Hi, everyone, and thank you so much 00:03:25:21 00:03:26:23 for joining us today. 00:03:27:13 00:03:29:13 My name is Srin and 00:03:29:20 00:03:31:25 I am a technology entrepreneur and 00:03:32:00 00:03:34:08 now turned technology investor. 00:03:34:22 00:03:36:16 I am a former student at the 00:03:37:00 00:03:38:10 Said Business School and I'm a 00:03:38:11 00:03:40:10 mentor and advisor at the Oxford 00:03:40:11 00:03:41:18 Foundry and Oxford chapter 00:03:42:20 00:03:44:15 of the Creative Destruction Lab. 00:03:44:24 00:03:46:18 So I was really excited and honoured 00:03:47:00 00:03:48:19 to be able to be one of the co-hosts 00:03:48:20 00:03:49:20 today. And join Chas, our 00:03:50:17 00:03:52:12 amazing panellists and 00:03:52:15 00:03:54:07 all of you today, and thank you so 00:03:54:08 00:03:55:07 much for joining us. 00:03:55:15 00:03:57:15 Before I introduce 00:03:57:16 00:03:59:06 our panellists, I wanted to share 00:03:59:17 00:04:01:10 a little bit of personal experience 00:04:01:13 00:04:03:10 as to why I think today's 00:04:03:11 00:04:04:16 topic of discussion is so 00:04:05:06 00:04:07:14 important and and is so topical 00:04:07:15 00:04:08:21 at this current moment. 00:04:09:19 00:04:11:15 So prior to my my current 00:04:11:16 00:04:13:25 role, I previously started 00:04:14:00 00:04:15:06 a company called Accommable that 00:04:16:08 00:04:18:12 was a travel platform for people 00:04:18:13 00:04:20:09 with disabilities or who had 00:04:20:11 00:04:21:24 mobility challenges that was 00:04:22:00 00:04:23:21 acquired by Airbnb in 00:04:24:05 00:04:25:05 2017. 00:04:25:09 00:04:26:23 Now, I started this company very 00:04:27:08 00:04:29:03 much borne of a personal need. 00:04:29:04 00:04:30:21 So I was born with a disability 00:04:30:22 00:04:32:13 called spinal muscular atrophy. 00:04:32:20 00:04:34:14 And it meant that for my entire life 00:04:34:19 00:04:36:15 I've had very limited use of my 00:04:36:16 00:04:38:08 arms and legs and I started 00:04:38:20 00:04:40:10 Accomable to solve a problem that 00:04:40:18 00:04:42:13 I had faced and people in 00:04:43:00 00:04:44:12 my community had faced. 00:04:45:14 00:04:47:04 Now, due to my disability, I have 00:04:47:12 00:04:49:15 been the beneficiary of many kinds 00:04:49:16 00:04:51:13 of innovation, whether that 00:04:51:14 00:04:53:06 be powered wheelchairs, antibiotics 00:04:54:07 00:04:56:04 or experimental gene therapies 00:04:56:11 00:04:59:00 to everything from home automation, 00:04:59:14 00:05:01:09 from Amazon and Google to 00:05:01:10 00:05:03:06 apps to make it easier to travel 00:05:03:07 00:05:04:10 or find restaurants. 00:05:04:17 00:05:06:07 But all these forms of innovation 00:05:06:22 00:05:08:23 ultimately rolled up into improving 00:05:08:24 00:05:10:11 quality of life for people with 00:05:10:17 00:05:11:19 similar needs to me. 00:05:12:01 00:05:13:16 So I'm really excited that we can 00:05:13:24 00:05:15:17 have conversations like today about 00:05:15:25 00:05:17:21 health care innovation centred 00:05:17:22 00:05:19:09 around helping communities more 00:05:19:15 00:05:20:13 holistically. 00:05:20:14 00:05:21:21 And given what's happened in the 00:05:21:22 00:05:23:14 pandemic the past 12 months, 00:05:23:17 00:05:25:09 I think there is no better time for 00:05:25:10 00:05:27:06 a discussion around transformative 00:05:27:10 00:05:29:01 and inclusive innovation 00:05:29:07 00:05:30:12 that helps people and how 00:05:30:19 00:05:32:17 entrepreneurship can be a driver of 00:05:32:18 00:05:34:03 that. So without further ado, 00:05:34:18 00:05:36:07 I am going to start introducing our 00:05:36:08 00:05:37:05 panellists. 00:05:37:06 00:05:38:21 So firstly, we have Maayan Ziv, 00:05:40:07 00:05:42:06 who was the winner of the Novartis 00:05:42:07 00:05:43:06 Innovation Prize. 00:05:43:21 00:05:45:19 Maayan is the founder and CEO 00:05:45:20 00:05:48:02 of Access Now and is an activist 00:05:48:03 00:05:49:19 and entrepreneur based in Toronto, 00:05:50:03 00:05:51:03 Canada. 00:05:51:21 00:05:53:17 Next, we have Donna Walsh of the 00:05:53:18 00:05:55:10 European Federation of Neurological 00:05:55:24 00:05:56:24 Associations. 00:05:57:06 00:05:59:02 Donna's training is in journalism, 00:05:59:07 00:06:00:21 but she's been working with patient 00:06:00:22 00:06:02:11 organisations in the neurological 00:06:02:17 00:06:04:07 sector since university. 00:06:04:23 00:06:06:15 We're also very fortunate today to 00:06:06:16 00:06:08:00 have Peteris Zilgalvis, who's 00:06:08:14 00:06:09:21 the Head of Unit for Digital 00:06:09:22 00:06:11:12 Innovation and Block Chain at the 00:06:11:13 00:06:12:13 European Commission. 00:06:12:22 00:06:14:10 Peteris also has a link to the 00:06:14:11 00:06:15:23 university in the sense that he was 00:06:15:24 00:06:17:22 a visiting fellow at St. 00:06:17:23 00:06:19:22 Anthony's College from 2013 00:06:19:23 00:06:20:24 to 2014. 00:06:21:09 00:06:23:12 And finally, last but not least, 00:06:23:17 00:06:25:02 we have Dr. Vreni Schoenenberger, 00:06:25:23 00:06:27:14 who is the Global Head of Public 00:06:27:15 00:06:28:17 Affairs Neuroscience at 00:06:29:11 00:06:30:11 Novartis. 00:06:30:16 00:06:32:03 Vreni is a public health expert 00:06:32:18 00:06:34:10 and pharmaceutical executive 00:06:34:15 00:06:35:23 and amongst other roles, is 00:06:35:25 00:06:37:19 currently a mentor at the University 00:06:38:08 00:06:39:22 of Oxford's Creative Destruction 00:06:40:03 00:06:41:14 Lab, also advising early stage 00:06:42:07 00:06:43:18 ventures on health care system 00:06:43:21 00:06:44:22 dynamics and the wider 00:06:44:23 00:06:46:08 pharmaceutical environment. 00:06:46:22 00:06:48:16 And so, without further ado, I will 00:06:48:17 00:06:50:05 hand back over to you Chas. 00:06:51:13 00:06:52:17 Srin, that was awesome. 00:06:52:18 00:06:53:22 Thank you so much. 00:06:54:08 00:06:56:11 We all recognise that even in normal 00:06:56:12 00:06:58:09 times, we need great leaders. 00:06:58:24 00:07:00:06 Now certainly when you're in a 00:07:00:07 00:07:02:05 crisis or when you're coming out 00:07:02:06 00:07:04:12 of a crisis or post 00:07:04:13 00:07:06:21 a crisis, we absolutely 00:07:06:22 00:07:09:06 need even more great leadership. 00:07:09:16 00:07:11:08 We need great innovators. 00:07:11:16 00:07:13:02 We need great entrepreneurs 00:07:13:19 00:07:15:16 because these individuals are 00:07:16:00 00:07:17:04 outward looking. 00:07:17:15 00:07:20:10 They will form big collaborations, 00:07:20:11 00:07:21:18 big partnerships. 00:07:22:09 00:07:24:04 They will work with colleagues in 00:07:24:17 00:07:27:03 industry, colleagues in government, 00:07:27:13 00:07:29:22 with regulators, with funders, 00:07:29:23 00:07:31:02 with other universities, 00:07:32:05 00:07:34:03 with patient groups 00:07:34:04 00:07:35:24 and other stakeholders in the health 00:07:36:00 00:07:37:09 care community. 00:07:37:17 00:07:39:08 And importantly, they will also work 00:07:39:09 00:07:41:05 with other countries because the 00:07:41:06 00:07:42:17 problems we're facing, 00:07:43:03 00:07:44:03 they are global. 00:07:44:17 00:07:46:06 And together, 00:07:46:15 00:07:48:13 these networks will 00:07:48:14 00:07:49:24 hopefully accelerate and 00:07:50:19 00:07:52:16 they will minimise duplication 00:07:52:17 00:07:54:04 and wastage because, of course, 00:07:54:12 00:07:56:14 in times of crisis, resources 00:07:56:15 00:07:57:10 are always limited. 00:07:57:11 00:07:59:19 These global networks 00:08:00:04 00:08:02:00 can produce new platforms, 00:08:02:05 00:08:03:06 new technologies, new 00:08:04:06 00:08:06:10 therapeutics, new vaccines 00:08:06:19 00:08:08:17 and drive policy changes. 00:08:09:22 00:08:12:06 Now, in Oxford, we've witnessed 00:08:12:07 00:08:14:07 in the past year quite 00:08:14:08 00:08:15:11 an amazing story, which 00:08:16:04 00:08:17:04 maybe encapsulates 00:08:18:02 00:08:19:17 a lot of what we're trying to say 00:08:19:18 00:08:20:18 and discuss. 00:08:21:05 00:08:23:04 The vaccine story, here, the Oxford 00:08:23:05 00:08:24:04 AstraZeneca vaccine; 00:08:25:03 00:08:27:07 I mean, back in March last year, 00:08:27:14 00:08:29:01 a couple of our academic 00:08:29:02 00:08:30:24 entrepreneurs, Adrian Hill, Sarah 00:08:31:00 00:08:32:22 Gilbert, they got together with 00:08:32:23 00:08:34:05 the senior leadership in the 00:08:34:06 00:08:36:11 university, Vice Chancellor 00:08:36:12 00:08:38:17 Louise Richardson, Regius Professor 00:08:38:18 00:08:40:09 John Bell, the head of the medical 00:08:40:17 00:08:42:00 school, Gavin Screaton. 00:08:42:17 00:08:43:25 They worked with colleagues in 00:08:44:00 00:08:46:02 government, regulatory 00:08:46:03 00:08:48:11 agencies, with other funders, 00:08:48:18 00:08:50:04 and importantly, they worked with 00:08:50:05 00:08:52:04 colleagues in AstraZeneca, 00:08:52:05 00:08:53:23 Mene Pangalos and Pascal Soriot. 00:08:54:17 00:08:56:06 And together they thought, OK, what 00:08:56:07 00:08:58:13 - how can we generate a vaccine 00:08:58:14 00:09:00:03 for this pandemic as quickly as 00:09:00:04 00:09:01:04 possible? 00:09:01:06 00:09:03:07 And it is quite remarkable what 00:09:03:18 00:09:05:24 this collective did in 10 months. 00:09:06:13 00:09:08:19 Generating a vaccine from scratch 00:09:09:01 00:09:10:14 would normally have taken eight, 00:09:10:15 00:09:11:16 nine, 10 years. 00:09:12:04 00:09:13:06 It is quite phenomenal. 00:09:13:18 00:09:15:16 And for me, the big lesson is that 00:09:15:17 00:09:16:22 when we work together and 00:09:17:16 00:09:19:12 we're pulling in the same direction, 00:09:19:21 00:09:21:08 we've got that single focus and 00:09:21:18 00:09:23:17 everybody's pulling in 00:09:23:18 00:09:24:21 that - striving towards 00:09:25:15 00:09:26:15 that goal. 00:09:26:16 00:09:28:12 Together, we can do the impossible. 00:09:29:14 00:09:31:11 My final comment is, sort of, 00:09:32:04 00:09:33:14 in universities. 00:09:34:17 00:09:36:15 We produce lots of talent, 00:09:37:06 00:09:38:21 we produce future leaders, Srin 00:09:39:23 00:09:41:14 is one of them, we produce feature 00:09:42:02 00:09:44:05 innovators, future entrepreneurs, 00:09:44:22 00:09:46:12 and the universities can serve to 00:09:46:18 00:09:48:24 be glues for these global networks. 00:09:49:13 00:09:50:23 And I believe by working with 00:09:51:09 00:09:53:13 industry and with other stakeholders 00:09:53:14 00:09:55:12 in the health care 00:09:55:13 00:09:56:13 community, we can be 00:09:57:09 00:09:58:19 engines for innovation. 00:09:59:24 00:10:01:08 So let me hand over and ask 00:10:01:14 00:10:02:14 questions now to Vreni. Vreni, 00:10:04:14 00:10:06:09 I mean, we're so grateful 00:10:06:10 00:10:07:12 that you're on this panel. 00:10:07:24 00:10:09:10 I mean, you have a public health 00:10:09:11 00:10:10:10 background. 00:10:10:20 00:10:12:09 You thought a lot about how you 00:10:12:10 00:10:13:12 prepare health care systems for 00:10:14:02 00:10:15:02 pandemics. 00:10:15:08 00:10:17:09 So before you put your Novartis hat 00:10:17:10 00:10:19:04 on, Vreni, maybe you could tell us 00:10:19:13 00:10:21:02 what comes after a pandemic? 00:10:21:17 00:10:23:10 What do you think needs to change? 00:10:24:07 00:10:25:07 So thanks, Chas. 00:10:26:06 00:10:27:24 I know I think when I was first 00:10:28:07 00:10:30:01 working at WHO at a lot of the focus 00:10:30:06 00:10:32:13 was on how to be better surveille 00:10:32:14 00:10:33:19 for emerging pandemics. 00:10:33:23 00:10:35:15 How do we help health care systems 00:10:35:16 00:10:37:15 identify and contain them super 00:10:37:16 00:10:38:16 quickly? 00:10:38:18 00:10:40:03 Unfortunately, there's not as 00:10:40:16 00:10:42:05 good of a playbook with how you 00:10:42:10 00:10:44:01 build health care systems 00:10:44:08 00:10:45:19 after they've essentially been on 00:10:45:20 00:10:47:15 pause for about a year 00:10:47:16 00:10:48:10 now. 00:10:48:11 00:10:50:12 And I don't have a crystal ball, but 00:10:50:13 00:10:52:03 a lot of the early evidence that's 00:10:52:04 00:10:53:11 coming in is showing that there's a 00:10:53:12 00:10:54:24 huge backlog of chronic disease 00:10:55:07 00:10:57:03 patients that haven't had access 00:10:57:10 00:10:59:10 to appropriate diagnosis, to care, 00:10:59:11 00:11:01:01 to treatment in the past year. 00:11:01:02 00:11:02:11 Unfortunately, amongst those 00:11:03:02 00:11:04:05 are many people living with 00:11:04:06 00:11:05:17 neurological conditions. 00:11:06:13 00:11:07:23 And if we really focus on actually 00:11:07:24 00:11:09:11 on neurological conditions, as a 00:11:09:12 00:11:10:20 case example, unfortunately, 00:11:11:07 00:11:12:22 there were already issues with the 00:11:12:25 00:11:14:13 access to those three things; to 00:11:14:14 00:11:15:14 diagnosis, care, and treatment, prior 00:11:16:15 00:11:17:15 to Covid. 00:11:18:07 00:11:19:23 Not to pick on the UK, I just 00:11:19:24 00:11:21:08 happened to have the statistics 00:11:21:09 00:11:23:07 available - prior to 00:11:23:15 00:11:25:14 Covid, in 2019, a survey of 00:11:25:15 00:11:27:08 ten thousand patients that 00:11:27:24 00:11:28:20 have neurological conditions found 00:11:28:21 00:11:30:09 that twenty eight percent of them 00:11:30:16 00:11:32:10 had been waiting more than a year to 00:11:32:11 00:11:33:09 see a specialist. 00:11:33:10 00:11:35:01 As you might imagine, Covid didn't 00:11:35:08 00:11:36:18 really help that situation. 00:11:36:25 00:11:38:18 And even though there's been a 00:11:38:19 00:11:40:01 somewhat miraculous move to 00:11:40:05 00:11:41:16 telehealth and this has packed a lot 00:11:41:17 00:11:42:16 of appointments in the books, 00:11:43:16 00:11:45:12 a recent analysis of NHS data 00:11:45:13 00:11:47:09 shows that there is a third less 00:11:47:10 00:11:48:24 knowledge of patients in the system 00:11:49:00 00:11:50:19 in January of this year than 00:11:50:20 00:11:52:00 there were last year. 00:11:52:10 00:11:54:02 And so this is somewhat concerning 00:11:54:12 00:11:55:12 because this means that people are not getting 00:11:56:05 00:11:57:14 the care that they need, and 00:11:58:06 00:11:59:16 additionaly, for neurological 00:11:59:24 00:12:01:02 conditions, they tend to be complex 00:12:01:03 00:12:03:03 conditions and require complex 00:12:03:04 00:12:04:14 care. It's not just access to 00:12:04:21 00:12:05:25 specialists, it's access 00:12:06:19 00:12:08:16 to MRIs, to blood work, to 00:12:08:19 00:12:10:03 rehabilitation appointments. 00:12:10:09 00:12:11:14 And we're hearing from patients 00:12:11:15 00:12:13:07 across Europe and France and Spain, 00:12:13:15 00:12:15:12 in the Czech Republic, Hungary, 00:12:16:07 00:12:17:22 that their access to this type of 00:12:17:25 00:12:19:22 care has also been 00:12:20:01 00:12:21:15 reduced. I mean, we have one survey 00:12:21:16 00:12:23:04 that shows that seventy five percent 00:12:23:05 00:12:24:15 of all we have appointments for 00:12:24:16 00:12:26:10 multiple sclerosis patients in Italy 00:12:26:16 00:12:28:11 have been cancelled or delayed as a 00:12:28:12 00:12:29:17 result of the pandemic. 00:12:30:04 00:12:31:21 And just so I'm really clear, this 00:12:31:24 00:12:33:09 is not a pointing fingers or passing 00:12:33:22 00:12:35:01 blame on health care systems. 00:12:35:09 00:12:36:15 I think the response to Covid has 00:12:36:16 00:12:37:19 been brilliant, right. 00:12:37:20 00:12:39:15 But the fact remains that 00:12:39:24 00:12:41:09 access to diagnosis, care and 00:12:41:16 00:12:43:00 treatment before Covid was a 00:12:43:01 00:12:45:03 challenge to these patients; covid 00:12:45:04 00:12:46:15 made it more challenging, and we're 00:12:46:16 00:12:48:15 likely going to see a backlog 00:12:48:19 00:12:50:15 of these patients really, really 00:12:50:16 00:12:52:04 urgently needing access to care. 00:12:52:06 00:12:53:22 So I'm going to pause there and I 00:12:53:23 00:12:55:14 know that sounds like a gloomy 00:12:55:15 00:12:57:03 picture, but I'm actually pretty 00:12:57:11 00:12:59:05 optimistic that if we work together, 00:12:59:10 00:13:00:23 we can address these challenges. 00:13:01:04 00:13:02:19 And I'm optimistic because of what 00:13:02:20 00:13:03:20 you actually just described, Chas. 00:13:04:21 00:13:06:16 When you come together all across 00:13:06:17 00:13:08:04 sectors, and you put a bunch of 00:13:08:06 00:13:09:08 really great brains together, you 00:13:09:11 00:13:11:06 can basically address 00:13:11:09 00:13:12:22 really unprecedented challenges 00:13:13:09 00:13:14:16 and do it quite quickly. 00:13:15:02 00:13:17:04 So this is a call to action a bit 00:13:17:12 00:13:19:04 for everyone on this panel, for 00:13:19:05 00:13:21:01 everyone on this call, for all 00:13:21:02 00:13:22:15 the stakeholders involved in the 00:13:22:17 00:13:24:22 Covid response to come back together 00:13:25:08 00:13:27:00 to rebuild health care systems 00:13:27:10 00:13:29:07 better than they were before. 00:13:29:08 00:13:30:19 And we'll talk about later in this 00:13:30:20 00:13:32:09 call, build it directly with the 00:13:32:16 00:13:34:04 communities, with patients 00:13:34:23 00:13:36:04 and leveraging a lot of the new 00:13:36:05 00:13:37:22 technologies that are coming online. 00:13:38:05 00:13:39:15 As Novartis, we are committed 00:13:40:05 00:13:42:00 to to to that call to action, and 00:13:42:10 00:13:43:14 we're really looking forward to 00:13:43:15 00:13:45:07 partnering with whomever is willing 00:13:45:10 00:13:46:22 to work with us on these challenges 00:13:46:23 00:13:48:03 to help healthcare systems and 00:13:48:04 00:13:49:13 people with neurological conditions. 00:13:52:00 00:13:52:24 Vreni, that was such a thoughtful answer, 00:13:53:00 00:13:53:24 thank you so much. 00:13:54:17 00:13:56:04 Peteris, maybe I could turn to 00:13:56:05 00:13:57:04 yourself. I mean, 00:13:57:25 00:13:59:16 what do you think is the role of 00:13:59:17 00:14:01:18 policy and institutions 00:14:02:06 00:14:04:05 in fostering entrepreneurship? 00:14:04:19 00:14:07:01 And how is the European Commission 00:14:07:02 00:14:08:23 contributing to and 00:14:08:24 00:14:10:19 supporting innovation in health 00:14:10:20 00:14:12:13 care, which is fit 00:14:12:23 00:14:14:18 for a post-Covid future, 00:14:15:05 00:14:16:05 Peteris? 00:14:16:09 00:14:17:14 Well, thank you for giving me the 00:14:17:15 00:14:19:12 floor. It's great to be back 00:14:19:13 00:14:21:03 at Oxford, but it's not as good to 00:14:21:04 00:14:22:14 be here virtually than 00:14:23:01 00:14:25:03 cycling around town or being 00:14:25:04 00:14:26:01 at a high table. 00:14:26:02 00:14:28:04 But happy to get the chance 00:14:28:05 00:14:29:15 to speak a little bit about our 00:14:29:16 00:14:30:15 start-pp policy. 00:14:30:19 00:14:32:13 In fact, this last Friday, 00:14:33:01 00:14:35:02 twenty four EU member states 00:14:35:09 00:14:36:09 and Iceland together 00:14:37:12 00:14:38:16 signed a Start-Up Nation 00:14:39:08 00:14:40:23 standard of excellence. 00:14:41:01 00:14:42:14 And they committed to, first of 00:14:42:22 00:14:45:02 all, fast start-up creation, 00:14:45:03 00:14:46:15 smooth market entry 00:14:47:05 00:14:48:23 and entrepreneur being able to set 00:14:48:24 00:14:50:22 up a Start-Up, a legal entity. 00:14:51:14 00:14:53:04 In one day for no less than one 00:14:53:05 00:14:55:06 hundred euro, attracting 00:14:55:07 00:14:56:11 and retaining talent, 00:14:57:02 00:14:58:10 visa applications should be 00:14:58:24 00:15:00:18 processed within a month, 00:15:01:01 00:15:02:23 stock options enabling 00:15:02:24 00:15:04:05 employee stock options for 00:15:04:15 00:15:06:05 start-ups, which is one of the great 00:15:06:06 00:15:07:06 engines for growth. 00:15:07:15 00:15:09:09 Innovation, for regulation, 00:15:09:10 00:15:11:21 including regulatory sandboxes, 00:15:12:01 00:15:13:16 which is something that we do in the 00:15:13:17 00:15:15:19 European block chain partnership, 00:15:15:24 00:15:17:09 we have a regulatory sandbox 00:15:17:16 00:15:19:01 launching for block chain and 00:15:19:02 00:15:20:19 applications, including in health. 00:15:20:22 00:15:22:10 And in fact, we have a use case 00:15:22:11 00:15:24:09 launching across the entire EU 00:15:24:13 00:15:26:01 on Social Security cards, which 00:15:26:11 00:15:28:13 obviously play a part in health 00:15:28:14 00:15:30:16 care and in people's social 00:15:30:17 00:15:31:16 welfare as well. 00:15:31:21 00:15:33:15 Innovation procurement, 00:15:33:20 00:15:35:09 including tech transfer policies 00:15:36:02 00:15:37:14 committing to that, and access 00:15:38:01 00:15:39:13 to finance, which is one of the 00:15:39:14 00:15:41:11 areas, whether they are 00:15:41:16 00:15:44:03 health, e-health, tech entrepreneurs 00:15:44:07 00:15:46:10 or others, getting them access, 00:15:46:11 00:15:48:20 especially to scaling up finance. 00:15:49:08 00:15:50:16 Also, we want to see in our 00:15:50:22 00:15:52:23 start-ups social inclusion, 00:15:52:24 00:15:55:04 diversity and want to protect 00:15:55:05 00:15:56:19 democratic values 00:15:57:03 00:15:58:20 and we want digital first. 00:15:58:24 00:16:00:13 So following, for instance, on the 00:16:00:14 00:16:02:14 example of Estonia's great once 00:16:02:15 00:16:04:16 only principle, which is something 00:16:04:17 00:16:06:09 we're trying to implement very much 00:16:06:14 00:16:08:25 in our in our e-government 00:16:09:07 00:16:10:20 approaches, for instance, in the 00:16:10:21 00:16:12:25 recovery and resilience facility, 00:16:13:08 00:16:15:09 we want to be able to have both 00:16:15:10 00:16:17:11 citizens as well as consumers 00:16:17:14 00:16:18:17 and enterprises utilise 00:16:19:24 00:16:21:16 the possibility to submit 00:16:21:21 00:16:23:17 digital information, information 00:16:23:18 00:16:25:06 only once and not have to repeat 00:16:25:22 00:16:27:06 it, allowing the authorities 00:16:28:08 00:16:29:18 with their consent to use it 00:16:29:22 00:16:30:22 multiple times. 00:16:31:02 00:16:32:11 And then actually, I have a very 00:16:32:12 00:16:34:04 concrete example that 00:16:34:07 00:16:35:21 Commissioner Thierry Breton, who I 00:16:35:22 00:16:36:23 work for, signalled in 00:16:37:24 00:16:39:16 his speech at the Start Up 00:16:39:20 00:16:41:21 Nations standard 00:16:41:24 00:16:42:24 signature ceremony 00:16:44:05 00:16:45:01 last week. 00:16:45:02 00:16:46:12 And this is, for instance, BioNTech, 00:16:47:09 00:16:48:24 which is a German start-up, which 00:16:49:01 00:16:50:16 repeatedly received 00:16:51:03 00:16:52:25 EU funding over the years. 00:16:53:04 00:16:55:03 And it has got this 00:16:55:04 00:16:57:11 great messenger RNA discovery, 00:16:57:16 00:16:59:01 which we are very proud of. 00:16:59:04 00:17:00:21 And also we're very proud 00:17:01:00 00:17:02:21 that millions of these vaccines 00:17:02:22 00:17:04:16 have been exported all around the 00:17:04:17 00:17:06:01 world to help others outside 00:17:06:21 00:17:07:21 of Europe. 00:17:07:23 00:17:08:23 Thank you for your attention and 00:17:09:06 00:17:10:06 I'll be back. 00:17:11:24 00:17:12:19 Well Peteris, thank you very much. I 00:17:12:20 00:17:14:16 mean, we've all heard about 00:17:14:17 00:17:15:24 BioNTech and 00:17:16:16 00:17:17:19 we applaud it and we're 00:17:18:15 00:17:19:24 grateful for it and 00:17:20:19 00:17:22:06 the impact that 00:17:22:15 00:17:24:10 vaccine is having across the world. 00:17:24:11 00:17:25:20 So I'm going to hand over 00:17:26:07 00:17:27:18 to Srin now to field some questions. 00:17:27:19 00:17:28:19 Srin, over to you. 00:17:30:15 00:17:31:15 Thank you 00:17:32:22 00:17:34:04 Chas, and thank you Peteris for 00:17:34:05 00:17:35:19 sharing this comment of all the 00:17:35:20 00:17:37:20 great work that is that is happening 00:17:37:21 00:17:39:09 at the moment to stimulate 00:17:39:10 00:17:40:09 entrepreneurship. 00:17:40:16 00:17:42:05 So moving the conversation along 00:17:42:06 00:17:43:15 slightly, we've talked about 00:17:43:23 00:17:45:04 innovation and stimulating 00:17:45:12 00:17:47:08 entrepreneurship from this 00:17:47:09 00:17:48:24 perspective of the public sector. 00:17:49:03 00:17:50:17 But now we're really keen to see 00:17:50:22 00:17:52:03 sort of some of the initiatives 00:17:52:04 00:17:54:01 happening within the private sector 00:17:54:06 00:17:56:01 to stimulate innovation and to 00:17:56:13 00:17:58:01 again, to hopefully engage 00:17:58:02 00:17:59:16 communities and to to build 00:18:00:08 00:18:01:13 to build innovation that is 00:18:01:14 00:18:03:04 inclusive of the communities that 00:18:03:11 00:18:04:11 are being served. 00:18:05:04 00:18:06:14 And so for this, I'd like to bring 00:18:06:21 00:18:07:21 Vreni back in. 00:18:08:22 00:18:10:13 Vreni, as you know, I 00:18:10:20 00:18:12:07 was a judge for the Novartis 00:18:12:08 00:18:13:21 Innovation Prize that took place 00:18:14:10 00:18:15:04 last year. 00:18:15:05 00:18:16:17 So maybe you could take, love for 00:18:16:24 00:18:18:11 you to take the opportunity to share 00:18:18:12 00:18:20:05 more about the Novartis Innovation 00:18:20:06 00:18:21:14 Prize for multiple sclerosis 00:18:22:02 00:18:23:16 and what it was trying to achieve. 00:18:24:17 00:18:25:17 Sure. So positive healthcare 00:18:26:01 00:18:27:22 outcomes are not just 00:18:27:23 00:18:29:05 solely the function of what 00:18:29:19 00:18:31:10 happens in a clinic or the treatment 00:18:31:11 00:18:32:21 received, although obviously those 00:18:32:22 00:18:34:06 are absolutely crucial. 00:18:34:14 00:18:36:16 And modern public health research 00:18:36:23 00:18:38:20 and medicine actually show that in 00:18:38:21 00:18:40:21 many cases there's also a complex 00:18:40:22 00:18:42:18 interplay between outcomes and other 00:18:42:22 00:18:44:20 broader quality of life factors. 00:18:45:03 00:18:46:15 This is especially true for 00:18:46:16 00:18:48:05 neurological conditions, which can 00:18:48:06 00:18:50:03 unfortunately cause extensive 00:18:50:04 00:18:51:03 disability. 00:18:51:04 00:18:52:17 And in fact, neurological 00:18:53:02 00:18:54:08 conditions are the number one cause 00:18:54:09 00:18:55:15 of disability-adjusted life years for those under the age of 00:18:57:09 00:18:58:08 fifty. 00:18:58:09 00:19:00:08 And a lot of the daily challenges 00:19:00:09 00:19:01:16 faced by people living with these 00:19:01:17 00:19:03:16 conditions, much of them face 00:19:03:18 00:19:05:14 outside of the clinic, obviously can 00:19:05:15 00:19:07:07 have an enormous impact on their 00:19:07:08 00:19:08:09 overall health. 00:19:09:11 00:19:10:22 So, we looked at MS 00:19:11:10 00:19:12:10 specifically, 00:19:14:02 00:19:15:15 because MS is a disorder of the 00:19:15:17 00:19:17:12 central nervous system here on 00:19:17:14 00:19:18:24 the flow of information within the 00:19:19:00 00:19:20:06 brain, between the brain and the 00:19:20:07 00:19:21:18 body is disrupted. 00:19:22:10 00:19:24:08 And while MS manifests 00:19:24:09 00:19:26:06 in different ways for every patient, 00:19:26:07 00:19:27:19 many people living with MS will, 00:19:27:22 00:19:29:06 unfortunately experience some 00:19:29:07 00:19:30:23 limitation in limb function and may 00:19:30:24 00:19:32:14 eventually require assistance with 00:19:32:15 00:19:34:04 walking or use of a wheelchair. 00:19:35:04 00:19:37:05 Novartis has a long history of work 00:19:37:06 00:19:38:12 in multiple sclerosis, we're one of 00:19:38:13 00:19:39:13 the original pioneers in the 00:19:39:14 00:19:41:02 development of innovative therapies, 00:19:41:03 00:19:42:14 we've been working in this space for 00:19:42:15 00:19:43:15 15 years. 00:19:43:23 00:19:45:11 But when we started speaking to 00:19:45:12 00:19:46:15 people living with multiple 00:19:46:16 00:19:48:06 sclerosis, or the patient advocates 00:19:48:07 00:19:49:17 that represent this community, 00:19:50:10 00:19:51:06 we consistently heard that one of 00:19:51:07 00:19:53:06 the biggest issues and challenges 00:19:53:10 00:19:55:07 that they face were around mobility 00:19:55:08 00:19:56:07 and accessibility. 00:19:56:15 00:19:58:11 And a lack of mobility often left 00:19:58:14 00:20:00:03 them feeling isolated, impeded their 00:20:00:04 00:20:01:10 access to services and care, and 00:20:01:11 00:20:03:06 made them dependent 00:20:03:07 00:20:05:03 on caregivers that they would prefer 00:20:05:04 00:20:06:04 not to be dependent on. 00:20:06:09 00:20:08:03 So it's pretty clear if we wanted to 00:20:08:05 00:20:09:16 improve the overall health of people 00:20:09:17 00:20:11:10 living with MS, we needed to support 00:20:11:18 00:20:13:15 broader solutions 00:20:13:16 00:20:15:06 beyond the clinic; so-called beyond 00:20:15:07 00:20:16:15 the pill solutions. 00:20:17:03 00:20:18:17 And we needed to do this directly 00:20:18:18 00:20:19:18 with the community. 00:20:21:08 00:20:23:04 So if we're looking at what we 00:20:23:08 00:20:24:20 decided to do about this, we 00:20:24:21 00:20:26:02 launched the Novartis Innovation 00:20:26:03 00:20:27:20 Prize; it's a two hundred and fifty 00:20:27:22 00:20:28:22 thousand dollar grand prize, 00:20:29:19 00:20:30:19 for solutions that addressed mobility 00:20:31:05 00:20:32:11 or accessibility to people 00:20:33:01 00:20:34:01 living with MS. 00:20:34:14 00:20:36:04 Importantly, that solution had to 00:20:36:06 00:20:37:20 have been co-created directly with 00:20:37:21 00:20:39:12 the community, and it needed to be 00:20:39:18 00:20:41:15 concrete. And by that I mean 00:20:42:08 00:20:44:01 that it needed to be something that 00:20:44:02 00:20:45:18 could be easily scaled, was 00:20:45:25 00:20:47:10 accessible from a pricing perspective, 00:20:47:11 00:20:48:19 and would actually reach the market 00:20:49:00 00:20:49:23 quickly. 00:20:49:24 00:20:50:23 And we had, if I can 00:20:51:23 00:20:53:10 be really honest, somewhat 00:20:53:19 00:20:55:08 low expectations at first to say 00:20:55:12 00:20:56:16 what the success of this is going to 00:20:56:17 00:20:57:22 look like. And we'd never done it 00:20:57:23 00:21:00:01 before. But actually, the response 00:21:00:02 00:21:02:00 was was amazing, it blew us away. 00:21:02:01 00:21:03:19 And actually, I think defy the 00:21:03:21 00:21:05:17 opportunities in this space. 00:21:06:13 00:21:08:03 Shortly after we launched this 00:21:08:04 00:21:09:04 prize, we had 00:21:10:01 00:21:11:09 heavyweight venture capital firms 00:21:11:10 00:21:12:22 like Sequoia get on board. 00:21:13:05 00:21:14:14 Srin, you joined us from 00:21:15:02 00:21:16:24 AirBnB as a disability tech expert. 00:21:17:07 00:21:19:03 And we had Wired magazine in the 00:21:19:04 00:21:20:21 mix; we had Uber and Microsoft also 00:21:21:05 00:21:22:18 involved. And more importantly, 00:21:23:04 00:21:24:05 we had 200 applicants 00:21:25:04 00:21:26:19 from around thirty five countries 00:21:27:01 00:21:29:06 and they were incredibly impressive. 00:21:29:25 00:21:30:25 I'm not going to steal Maayan's 00:21:30:26 00:21:32:04 thunder and let her talk 00:21:32:24 00:21:34:15 about how cool Access Now is, 00:21:34:21 00:21:36:13 but I think, Srin, as you know, it 00:21:36:14 00:21:37:20 was a pretty impressive 00:21:38:13 00:21:39:24 line-up of applicants. 00:21:40:11 00:21:41:24 And I guess one of one of my final 00:21:41:25 00:21:43:22 notes on that is when it was so 00:21:43:23 00:21:44:19 impressive, there's been an 00:21:44:20 00:21:46:13 amplification effect on 00:21:46:18 00:21:48:08 a lot of the top 10 finalists for 00:21:48:09 00:21:50:06 the prize as a result of 00:21:50:07 00:21:51:18 some of the publicity drawn, have 00:21:51:21 00:21:53:15 gone on to get other venture capital 00:21:53:16 00:21:54:09 funding. 00:21:54:10 00:21:55:22 And this means actually that even 00:21:55:23 00:21:56:23 more solutions for 00:21:57:18 00:21:58:16 people living with multiple 00:21:58:17 00:22:00:04 sclerosis will reach the market. 00:22:00:05 00:22:01:21 So Novartis is quite happy to have 00:22:01:23 00:22:02:23 gotten the ball rolling on it. 00:22:03:15 00:22:05:14 So I'll finally 00:22:05:23 00:22:07:01 hand it over, but I think 00:22:08:04 00:22:09:12 we're here today to not only talk 00:22:09:13 00:22:10:23 about innovation prize, which 00:22:11:06 00:22:12:16 obviously Novartis is quite proud 00:22:12:17 00:22:14:00 of, but to support a broader 00:22:14:04 00:22:15:24 conversation as a 00:22:16:18 00:22:18:12 wide outside-in community partner 00:22:18:13 00:22:20:08 organisation is so important. 00:22:20:09 00:22:21:22 And it's not just a tick the box 00:22:22:04 00:22:23:19 exercise, it's actually a win for 00:22:23:20 00:22:25:09 everyone. Innovations that you get 00:22:25:10 00:22:26:22 out of it are so much better and 00:22:27:08 00:22:28:14 they come so much faster 00:22:29:21 00:22:30:06 and so much easier. 00:22:30:07 00:22:30:23 Thanks for that really. 00:22:30:24 00:22:32:24 And as I mentioned in my 00:22:32:25 00:22:34:20 introduction as well, like the 00:22:34:21 00:22:35:25 fact that one can access 00:22:36:18 00:22:38:03 interventions that are beyond the 00:22:38:04 00:22:39:24 pill have personally had sort of 00:22:39:25 00:22:41:06 positive impact 00:22:41:25 00:22:43:06 from a medical and health care 00:22:43:07 00:22:44:23 perspective, but may not have been 00:22:45:04 00:22:46:21 considered traditional health care 00:22:47:04 00:22:48:04 innovations. 00:22:48:19 00:22:50:21 But taking again, expanding 00:22:50:22 00:22:52:06 on that point further, I'd love to 00:22:52:07 00:22:54:02 bring Maayan into the conversation. 00:22:54:03 00:22:55:23 And when we are when we do think 00:22:55:24 00:22:57:20 about innovation, it often 00:22:57:21 00:22:59:11 does spring from personal problem 00:22:59:25 00:23:00:23 solving. 00:23:00:24 00:23:02:00 Maayan, how have you used your 00:23:02:01 00:23:03:25 personal experience to 00:23:04:00 00:23:05:00 drive your work? 00:23:05:05 00:23:06:23 And how did you use your personal 00:23:06:24 00:23:08:18 experience to create Access Now? 00:23:10:16 00:23:12:03 Hey Srin, thanks for the question 00:23:12:04 00:23:13:22 and I'm so glad that I'm here today. 00:23:13:23 00:23:15:17 You know, similar 00:23:15:18 00:23:17:13 to your experience of 00:23:17:14 00:23:19:11 living with SMA, I 00:23:19:12 00:23:21:08 also kind of grew up 00:23:21:09 00:23:23:09 with my disability, SMA as well, and 00:23:24:01 00:23:25:07 have constantly navigated 00:23:26:04 00:23:27:21 a world that wasn't built for me, 00:23:28:19 00:23:30:14 you know, from from places with 00:23:30:15 00:23:32:16 steps at entrances to 00:23:33:14 00:23:35:23 lack of good customer care, 00:23:36:18 00:23:38:17 broken elevators, you name it. 00:23:38:18 00:23:40:08 And sometimes it's just the 00:23:40:14 00:23:42:09 overall level of of 00:23:42:22 00:23:45:02 an awareness that accessibility 00:23:45:03 00:23:47:01 matters to my life. 00:23:47:23 00:23:49:03 And and, you know, I'm 30 00:23:49:18 00:23:50:24 now and I've consistently 00:23:51:22 00:23:53:01 navigated the world. 00:23:53:02 00:23:53:25 I love to travel. 00:23:53:26 00:23:55:09 I love to go places. 00:23:56:05 00:23:58:08 And and even when I was starting 00:23:58:09 00:23:59:22 out in my career, 00:24:00:21 00:24:02:19 it became very apparent to me very 00:24:02:20 00:24:04:01 quickly that 00:24:04:17 00:24:06:17 the built environment was just not 00:24:06:18 00:24:08:07 designed with me in mind. 00:24:09:08 00:24:11:13 And I was constantly struggling 00:24:11:14 00:24:12:13 to find information 00:24:13:18 00:24:15:07 to at least let me know 00:24:15:13 00:24:16:23 which places I had access to 00:24:17:18 00:24:19:04 and which businesses were not 00:24:19:18 00:24:21:10 welcoming to me as a customer, for 00:24:21:17 00:24:22:17 example. 00:24:23:00 00:24:25:02 And so, you know, I 00:24:25:03 00:24:27:03 had this really amazing opportunity. 00:24:27:04 00:24:28:23 I was studying 00:24:29:08 00:24:30:13 at school and university. 00:24:30:22 00:24:32:23 I was focussed on my master's degree 00:24:33:03 00:24:35:06 in digital media, and I decided 00:24:35:07 00:24:37:12 to focus my time 00:24:37:20 00:24:38:20 on accessibility 00:24:40:04 00:24:41:21 and the disability rights movement 00:24:42:14 00:24:44:18 and really focus on 00:24:44:23 00:24:47:03 how can we innovate in this space. 00:24:47:04 00:24:48:04 There have been lots 00:24:49:03 00:24:51:05 of innovations in technology, 00:24:51:11 00:24:53:18 but there weren't at the time very, 00:24:54:10 00:24:55:22 very many innovations regarding 00:24:56:10 00:24:58:14 accessibility, mobility 00:24:58:15 00:24:59:18 and navigation. 00:25:00:15 00:25:01:15 And so it just 00:25:02:11 00:25:04:20 started with my own experience 00:25:05:08 00:25:07:13 wanting to solve my own problem. 00:25:07:21 00:25:09:04 And very quickly I was able 00:25:09:22 00:25:11:17 to connect with my community 00:25:11:23 00:25:13:05 of people with and without 00:25:13:11 00:25:14:18 disabilities to understand 00:25:15:10 00:25:16:23 the major pain points that people 00:25:16:24 00:25:18:13 were also experiencing. 00:25:18:22 00:25:20:14 You know, I need places that are 00:25:20:15 00:25:21:12 scent free. 00:25:21:13 00:25:23:09 I need places that I'm going 00:25:23:10 00:25:24:20 to be accommodated with my my 00:25:25:05 00:25:26:01 guide dog. 00:25:26:02 00:25:28:02 I need spaces that have low 00:25:28:03 00:25:29:22 lighting or are quiet. 00:25:30:13 00:25:32:16 And, you know, the expansion of what 00:25:32:19 00:25:34:14 accessibility means 00:25:34:18 00:25:36:05 has really been defined by the 00:25:36:11 00:25:38:04 community that we've worked with 00:25:38:11 00:25:39:16 at Access Now. 00:25:39:22 00:25:41:20 And so I was so excited 00:25:41:21 00:25:43:17 about this Novartis Innovation Prize 00:25:44:09 00:25:45:17 because it really, first of 00:25:46:06 00:25:47:11 all, put accessibility at 00:25:48:01 00:25:49:23 the forefront of innovation 00:25:50:04 00:25:51:13 and recognise the importance 00:25:52:13 00:25:55:02 of community led initiatives, 00:25:55:07 00:25:56:19 but specifically being able to 00:25:57:01 00:25:58:19 engage with the MS community. 00:25:59:02 00:26:01:15 We were able to build a platform 00:26:01:24 00:26:03:13 that amplified the importance of 00:26:04:00 00:26:05:21 accessibility for and by 00:26:05:22 00:26:06:21 the community. 00:26:06:23 00:26:09:06 And so Access Now today is exactly 00:26:09:07 00:26:11:02 that. It's a platform that 00:26:11:03 00:26:13:02 lets people search for right 00:26:13:03 00:26:15:01 and discover places based 00:26:15:02 00:26:16:18 on the accessibility criteria that 00:26:17:01 00:26:19:02 they need in their own lives, rather 00:26:19:03 00:26:21:02 than having that dictated to people 00:26:21:06 00:26:22:08 by anybody else. 00:26:23:14 00:26:25:17 No totally Maayan,, and I think 00:26:26:04 00:26:28:01 both you and I have in 00:26:28:02 00:26:29:21 the past may have had some hesitancy 00:26:29:22 00:26:30:24 around sort of engaging 00:26:31:25 00:26:33:11 with the healthcare world and being 00:26:34:06 00:26:35:09 considered patients. 00:26:35:15 00:26:37:15 And so taking that, how how 00:26:37:16 00:26:39:03 do you see the difference between 00:26:39:13 00:26:41:09 innovation, around being a patient, 00:26:41:12 00:26:43:08 but instead innovation around 00:26:43:09 00:26:44:07 community? 00:26:44:08 00:26:46:04 What do you think the key 00:26:46:05 00:26:47:20 differences are between those two 00:26:47:21 00:26:49:09 approaches? And why do you think 00:26:49:19 00:26:51:05 that distinction is important? 00:26:52:03 00:26:53:03 I think that's a great question, 00:26:53:04 00:26:54:03 Srin. 00:26:54:04 00:26:55:21 And even if you look at the 00:26:55:22 00:26:58:06 differences between the medical 00:26:58:07 00:26:59:19 and social model of disability, 00:27:00:04 00:27:01:16 for example, within the social 00:27:02:09 00:27:03:17 model, rather than assuming 00:27:04:09 00:27:05:12 that there is a problem 00:27:06:07 00:27:08:05 with a patient or a person 00:27:08:13 00:27:10:22 who fundamentally needs to be fixed, 00:27:11:03 00:27:13:01 the social model looks at the world 00:27:13:02 00:27:15:01 around and determines what 00:27:15:02 00:27:16:24 is it within the environment that is 00:27:17:09 00:27:19:16 a disabling factor. 00:27:20:01 00:27:21:01 So for me, as a 00:27:21:23 00:27:23:20 person with a physical disability, 00:27:23:25 00:27:25:08 looking around my world and 00:27:25:19 00:27:27:10 understanding that there's nothing 00:27:27:16 00:27:29:02 wrong with me being born with 00:27:29:12 00:27:30:24 a neuromuscular condition, but 00:27:31:12 00:27:33:02 that there are many things in the 00:27:33:03 00:27:35:10 world that are disabling me 00:27:35:16 00:27:37:18 from reaching my fullest potential. 00:27:37:23 00:27:39:20 And often specifically for 00:27:39:21 00:27:40:25 me, that can be barriers 00:27:41:16 00:27:43:05 in the built environment or many 00:27:43:07 00:27:44:07 other things. 00:27:44:20 00:27:46:14 And so I think, you know, 00:27:46:16 00:27:49:01 when we expand patient 00:27:49:02 00:27:50:01 or or client health 00:27:51:05 00:27:52:20 to being a person-first health, 00:27:54:05 00:27:56:12 we can also expand to understand 00:27:56:13 00:27:57:17 what community health is 00:27:58:10 00:27:59:04 about. 00:27:59:05 00:28:01:01 And so the importance 00:28:01:02 00:28:03:00 of someone feeling independent, 00:28:03:08 00:28:04:22 reducing anxiety and the ability 00:28:05:15 00:28:07:09 to navigate their communities 00:28:07:14 00:28:09:18 and the world at large, not feeling 00:28:10:08 00:28:12:08 that there are so many barriers 00:28:12:09 00:28:14:00 out there in the world; that there 00:28:14:04 00:28:15:17 is opportunity, that there is 00:28:15:18 00:28:16:20 possibility, that there 00:28:17:13 00:28:19:11 is meaningfulness in the ability 00:28:19:12 00:28:21:14 to connect with other people; 00:28:22:11 00:28:24:09 understanding that there are many 00:28:24:10 00:28:25:19 accessible technologies that 00:28:26:10 00:28:28:06 can empower me, for example, 00:28:28:07 00:28:29:13 to live my life better and 00:28:30:05 00:28:31:05 with more ease. 00:28:31:12 00:28:32:20 We often make a distinction 00:28:33:09 00:28:34:09 between people with 00:28:35:07 00:28:36:18 and without disabilities. 00:28:37:10 00:28:38:20 But for some reason, we don't 00:28:38:21 00:28:40:12 recognise that cars 00:28:40:23 00:28:42:21 are an assistive technology 00:28:42:22 00:28:44:21 that allow us to get around faster, 00:28:45:05 00:28:47:07 or that people who wear eyeglasses 00:28:47:10 00:28:48:24 are another way in which you can 00:28:49:04 00:28:51:02 actually see the world with 00:28:51:03 00:28:52:02 more clarity. 00:28:52:17 00:28:54:05 But then all of a sudden, when we 00:28:54:06 00:28:56:03 look at a wheelchair, we see 00:28:56:04 00:28:57:02 that as a negative. 00:28:57:03 00:28:58:11 We see that as a wheelchair 00:28:59:05 00:29:01:03 bound situation where for 00:29:01:04 00:29:02:24 me, my wheelchair is one of 00:29:02:25 00:29:04:08 the most enabling pieces of 00:29:04:18 00:29:06:17 technology in my day and 00:29:06:18 00:29:08:05 definitely throughout my life. 00:29:08:14 00:29:09:22 So I think when we begin to 00:29:09:24 00:29:11:18 understand that we can design 00:29:11:19 00:29:13:15 solutions based on 00:29:14:08 00:29:16:24 people's lived experiences 00:29:17:04 00:29:18:21 and consult and connect 00:29:19:02 00:29:21:00 to actually have those solutions 00:29:21:01 00:29:22:00 be driven, inspired 00:29:22:24 00:29:24:08 and designed with and by the 00:29:24:22 00:29:26:09 community, I think that's when 00:29:26:22 00:29:28:17 we get to really exciting 00:29:28:22 00:29:30:17 opportunities for innovation, 00:29:30:21 00:29:32:15 because rather than assuming that we 00:29:32:19 00:29:34:12 know what people need or constantly 00:29:35:05 00:29:36:18 asking, what do you need? 00:29:36:23 00:29:38:08 It seems so simple, but often 00:29:38:19 00:29:40:25 we forget that piece because 00:29:41:08 00:29:43:02 specifically within the disability 00:29:43:03 00:29:44:13 community, the phrase nothing 00:29:45:02 00:29:46:09 about us without us is one 00:29:46:25 00:29:48:16 of the most powerful things that you 00:29:48:17 00:29:49:16 can live by. 00:29:49:20 00:29:51:11 Including people with disabilities 00:29:51:14 00:29:54:02 at every stage of a design, 00:29:54:10 00:29:56:04 at every stage of a solution, 00:29:56:10 00:29:58:02 is one of the most important ways to 00:29:58:03 00:29:59:15 make sure that that solution is 00:29:59:16 00:30:02:08 actually going to be representative 00:30:02:13 00:30:04:07 and authentic to the needs of people 00:30:04:10 00:30:05:20 who actually need the solution to 00:30:05:21 00:30:06:20 begin with. 00:30:08:10 00:30:09:24 You're listening to Leadership in 00:30:10:00 00:30:11:14 Extraordinary Times with me, Peter 00:30:11:15 00:30:12:15 Tufano. 00:30:12:21 00:30:14:11 In this episode, we're talking about 00:30:14:12 00:30:16:01 inclusive health care innovation 00:30:16:02 00:30:17:04 with leaders in the field. 00:30:17:24 00:30:18:24 Professor Chas Bountra, Pro-Vice 00:30:19:23 00:30:21:06 Chancellor for Innovation at the 00:30:21:07 00:30:23:02 University of Oxford; tech 00:30:23:04 00:30:24:11 entrepreneur and accessibility 00:30:24:12 00:30:25:11 expert Srin 00:30:26:12 00:30:28:15 Madipalli; Maayan Ziv the CEO 00:30:28:16 00:30:30:02 of Access Now; Peteris 00:30:30:16 00:30:32:04 Zilgalvis, Head of the Unit for 00:30:32:12 00:30:34:01 Digital Innovation and Block Chain 00:30:34:02 00:30:35:02 at the European Commission. 00:30:35:14 00:30:36:24 Dr. Vreni Schoenenberger from 00:30:37:01 00:30:38:12 Novartis and Donna Walsh. 00:30:39:18 00:30:40:24 We're going to hear from Donna next, 00:30:41:17 00:30:43:09 she's the Executive Director of the 00:30:43:10 00:30:45:08 European Federation for Neurological 00:30:45:09 00:30:46:09 Associations. 00:30:46:23 00:30:48:14 Donna has worked as an advocate for 00:30:48:15 00:30:50:03 patients to change policies on 00:30:50:04 00:30:51:09 behalf of individuals at the 00:30:51:10 00:30:53:09 national, regional and global level. 00:30:54:06 00:30:55:18 She's now an advocate for people 00:30:55:19 00:30:57:01 with neurological conditions. 00:30:57:25 00:30:59:12 We know that things haven't always 00:30:59:13 00:31:01:03 gone right in terms of inclusion of 00:31:01:04 00:31:02:04 community voices. 00:31:02:21 00:31:04:07 What does Donna think needs to 00:31:04:10 00:31:05:10 change? 00:31:06:07 00:31:07:21 So I want to pick up, I think of 00:31:07:22 00:31:08:23 what Maayan just said, 00:31:09:17 00:31:11:06 and that really is the fact that 00:31:11:18 00:31:13:05 more often than not, we've been 00:31:13:07 00:31:15:01 involving people too late in the 00:31:15:02 00:31:17:05 process. And I think she's given 00:31:17:12 00:31:19:09 an amazing case study in terms 00:31:19:10 00:31:21:15 of when we innovate 00:31:21:16 00:31:23:19 based on the community needs, 00:31:23:20 00:31:25:10 when we define those needs from the 00:31:25:11 00:31:27:03 outset, we can create 00:31:27:10 00:31:28:23 these solutions that really are 00:31:29:10 00:31:31:11 embraced by those affected. 00:31:31:19 00:31:33:15 And I think in the past, we've seen 00:31:33:16 00:31:34:19 too much that innovation 00:31:35:16 00:31:36:18 has raced ahead. 00:31:36:19 00:31:38:10 And it's only when the solution is 00:31:38:12 00:31:40:02 ready to be launched or to be put 00:31:40:12 00:31:42:15 on the market that those people, 00:31:42:18 00:31:43:18 the users are then 00:31:44:17 00:31:45:17 consulted. 00:31:45:20 00:31:47:02 And I think at that point, it's 00:31:47:03 00:31:48:24 often we get requests for 00:31:49:04 00:31:51:07 endorsing or rubber stamping, 00:31:51:08 00:31:52:20 and that's not good enough. 00:31:53:04 00:31:54:16 So for me, I think what we need to 00:31:54:17 00:31:56:01 see is really a culture shift 00:31:56:18 00:31:59:01 and a major change in attitude 00:31:59:07 00:32:01:12 when it comes to patient and public 00:32:01:13 00:32:03:08 involvement in health 00:32:03:09 00:32:04:08 innovation. 00:32:04:10 00:32:05:17 Because I think what we've seen 00:32:05:18 00:32:07:09 during the pandemic is that we can 00:32:07:13 00:32:08:22 have sophisticated processes 00:32:09:07 00:32:10:17 developed and in place. 00:32:10:23 00:32:12:15 But very often when the going gets 00:32:12:17 00:32:14:09 tough and as Chas said earlier, 00:32:14:19 00:32:16:05 you know, in times of crisis, 00:32:16:13 00:32:17:21 something's got to give. 00:32:18:02 00:32:19:20 And I think what we've seen 00:32:20:00 00:32:21:22 during the pandemic is that this 00:32:22:06 00:32:24:07 systematic patient involvement 00:32:24:10 00:32:26:11 has fallen by the wayside at 00:32:26:12 00:32:28:13 a time bizarrely, when actually 00:32:28:14 00:32:30:01 that patient involvement has been 00:32:30:02 00:32:31:23 needed more than ever to look 00:32:31:24 00:32:33:12 at the way that we can continue to 00:32:33:13 00:32:35:05 deliver healthcare to our patients, 00:32:35:14 00:32:37:11 to those living, in my case, 00:32:37:16 00:32:39:04 with neurological disorders. 00:32:39:13 00:32:40:23 So I think this is something that we 00:32:40:24 00:32:42:14 really need to address. 00:32:43:03 00:32:45:02 Now we have seen, I think, hope 00:32:45:03 00:32:47:21 in terms of how digital technologies 00:32:48:02 00:32:49:18 have been used during the pandemic 00:32:50:02 00:32:51:12 as sort of mitigating actions 00:32:52:05 00:32:53:15 to the service disruption. 00:32:53:21 00:32:55:09 And we have a lot of learnings that 00:32:55:10 00:32:57:07 we can take forward in terms 00:32:57:08 00:32:58:19 of, as Vreni was saying earlier, 00:32:58:24 00:33:01:05 really using this acceleration 00:33:01:09 00:33:03:01 in the digital transformation of 00:33:03:02 00:33:04:21 healthcare to build our healthcare 00:33:05:02 00:33:07:02 systems back better, to future proof 00:33:07:03 00:33:08:20 them, to build resiliency 00:33:09:00 00:33:10:01 in our systems. 00:33:10:11 00:33:12:13 The challenge I think we have 00:33:12:14 00:33:14:15 to live up to is that we need 00:33:14:16 00:33:15:18 to involve the patients 00:33:16:13 00:33:18:19 in all of that policy making 00:33:18:20 00:33:20:02 and decision making, because 00:33:20:03 00:33:21:17 otherwise we're creating a future 00:33:21:20 00:33:23:09 healthcare system that really is 00:33:23:16 00:33:25:15 not addressing the needs of its 00:33:25:16 00:33:26:22 users. And that's just not 00:33:27:11 00:33:29:01 acceptable from my point of view. 00:33:29:18 00:33:31:01 And we've seen this in the past 00:33:31:09 00:33:32:19 where we've had these periods 00:33:33:06 00:33:35:06 of health innovation; 00:33:35:09 00:33:37:15 patients haven't been involved and 00:33:37:16 00:33:39:07 the end result has been something 00:33:39:08 00:33:40:12 very, very poor. 00:33:40:21 00:33:42:23 I remember when I started with 00:33:42:24 00:33:44:14 my work within EFNA, maybe eight, 00:33:44:23 00:33:46:05 seven, eight years ago, we 00:33:46:19 00:33:48:14 saw this proliferation of mobile 00:33:48:15 00:33:49:20 phone applications. 00:33:49:21 00:33:51:13 Every stakeholder was sort of 00:33:51:14 00:33:53:02 throwing out a mobile phone 00:33:53:03 00:33:55:02 application to all of the 00:33:55:03 00:33:56:21 communities that came under our 00:33:56:22 00:33:58:06 umbrella. The pharmaceutical 00:33:58:07 00:34:00:02 industry were really embracing this 00:34:00:03 00:34:01:01 trend. 00:34:01:02 00:34:02:13 And I remember at one point an 00:34:02:24 00:34:04:14 application being developed for 00:34:04:15 00:34:05:22 people living with multiple 00:34:06:00 00:34:07:00 sclerosis. 00:34:07:11 00:34:08:17 It was brought to the market, there 00:34:08:18 00:34:10:04 was lots of fanfare around the 00:34:10:05 00:34:11:15 launch. And when the patients 00:34:11:16 00:34:13:09 started to use the application 00:34:13:17 00:34:15:08 and they very quickly stopped again. 00:34:15:11 00:34:17:03 And when we asked them, why are you 00:34:17:05 00:34:18:14 not using the app, what do you not 00:34:18:15 00:34:19:17 like about it? They said, well, 00:34:19:18 00:34:21:10 actually we're living with a 00:34:21:11 00:34:23:08 condition that's chronic but 00:34:23:09 00:34:24:18 is relapsing and remitting in 00:34:25:01 00:34:25:22 nature. 00:34:25:23 00:34:27:19 So part of the time I feel 00:34:27:20 00:34:29:15 fully well and I don't want to 00:34:29:16 00:34:31:09 have to log into this application 00:34:31:10 00:34:33:10 every day to proactively say 00:34:33:14 00:34:35:05 how I'm feeling, what symptoms I'm 00:34:35:11 00:34:36:11 experiencing. 00:34:36:16 00:34:37:23 I want to forget about the 00:34:38:12 00:34:40:01 fact that I'm living with this 00:34:40:05 00:34:42:03 debilitating condition when I'm 00:34:42:04 00:34:43:20 having these these good phases. 00:34:44:13 00:34:45:14 What about wearables? 00:34:45:15 00:34:47:05 What about sensor technology? 00:34:47:11 00:34:49:01 And I remember at the time thinking 00:34:49:02 00:34:50:11 did nobody think to ask this 00:34:50:14 00:34:52:09 question before they ran down this 00:34:52:10 00:34:53:19 route of actually developing 00:34:54:11 00:34:55:20 these types of applications? 00:34:56:05 00:34:57:12 And we saw, I think around 00:34:58:03 00:35:00:05 that time, these applications 00:35:00:06 00:35:01:19 coming to market and a couple of 00:35:01:20 00:35:03:16 days later being completely dormant 00:35:03:17 00:35:05:00 because they really weren't 00:35:05:06 00:35:07:00 addressing the needs or even if they 00:35:07:04 00:35:08:23 were addressing the needs, they were 00:35:08:24 00:35:10:14 addressing them in the wrong way. 00:35:11:01 00:35:12:19 And I think this is my concern when 00:35:12:23 00:35:14:17 it comes to the sort of acceleration 00:35:15:14 00:35:17:03 of the digital transformation of 00:35:17:09 00:35:18:19 healthcare during a post-pandemic. 00:35:19:25 00:35:20:25 We've seen a lot of knee-jerk 00:35:21:05 00:35:22:03 reactions. 00:35:22:04 00:35:23:15 We've seen a lot of innovation just 00:35:23:16 00:35:25:02 because it's possible, but not 00:35:25:03 00:35:26:16 because it's really necessary or 00:35:26:17 00:35:28:14 it's really addressing unmet needs 00:35:28:15 00:35:29:14 in the right way. 00:35:29:21 00:35:31:13 And when we asked our community, 00:35:32:08 00:35:34:02 do you see this as a positive thing, 00:35:34:06 00:35:35:20 they were really split into three, 00:35:36:00 00:35:37:07 three distinct categories. 00:35:37:13 00:35:39:11 So we had a third who were 00:35:39:12 00:35:40:24 super positive about this. 00:35:41:03 00:35:42:10 It was a third who were really 00:35:42:11 00:35:43:12 negative about this. 00:35:43:20 00:35:44:23 And then there was a third in the 00:35:44:24 00:35:46:09 middle who felt a little bit 00:35:46:10 00:35:48:02 undecided, not quite sure that this 00:35:48:09 00:35:49:24 is moving in the right direction. 00:35:50:09 00:35:52:02 And that's also something I think we 00:35:52:03 00:35:53:20 need to bear in mind, that it's not 00:35:53:21 00:35:55:05 just a case of one size fits 00:35:55:20 00:35:56:24 all when it comes to the 00:35:57:19 00:35:58:22 patient community. 00:35:59:03 00:36:00:04 We need to be flexible. 00:36:00:05 00:36:01:07 We need to be agile. 00:36:01:11 00:36:03:00 We need to design solutions that 00:36:03:08 00:36:05:02 work in the interests of this really 00:36:05:10 00:36:07:14 broad and diverse community. 00:36:08:06 00:36:09:17 And the other thing I just wanted to 00:36:09:18 00:36:11:07 mention is that I think it's not 00:36:11:15 00:36:13:04 just about involving people from the 00:36:13:05 00:36:14:18 start, as Maayan said, it's 00:36:14:21 00:36:16:21 involving people at every step, 00:36:17:03 00:36:18:10 but also at the end to get 00:36:19:01 00:36:20:05 their feedback, the user 00:36:20:16 00:36:21:14 satisfaction. 00:36:21:15 00:36:23:07 Is this working for you in the real 00:36:23:13 00:36:24:08 world? 00:36:24:09 00:36:25:24 But also what are the outcomes of 00:36:26:02 00:36:27:17 this? And this is something I think 00:36:27:18 00:36:29:09 we failed to really capture during 00:36:29:11 00:36:30:11 the pandemic. 00:36:30:12 00:36:31:11 Has this shift really 00:36:32:13 00:36:33:14 changed outcomes? 00:36:33:15 00:36:35:09 Is this as good as seeing the doctor 00:36:35:10 00:36:37:06 in the surgery? Is it better than 00:36:37:07 00:36:38:15 seeing the doctor in the surgery? 00:36:38:25 00:36:40:25 Because I think the risk we see 00:36:40:26 00:36:42:23 with innovation is that we sort 00:36:42:24 00:36:44:12 of run down a route just because it 00:36:44:13 00:36:45:12 can be done, but not 00:36:46:15 00:36:48:01 because it really should be done. 00:36:48:02 00:36:50:03 And that is something I think only 00:36:50:04 00:36:51:18 those living and affected by the 00:36:52:01 00:36:53:16 disorders we're talking about can 00:36:53:20 00:36:54:24 really contribute to the 00:36:55:00 00:36:56:00 conversation. 00:36:56:17 00:36:58:09 That and thanks so much for that 00:36:58:10 00:37:00:03 Donna. I think maybe just to to wrap 00:37:00:13 00:37:02:09 that point up for 00:37:02:10 00:37:03:21 the audience today, listening, 00:37:03:22 00:37:05:18 thinking about what does the 00:37:05:19 00:37:06:18 future hold. 00:37:06:19 00:37:08:03 So let's sort of fast forward 00:37:08:18 00:37:10:02 maybe five to ten years from 00:37:10:17 00:37:12:04 now. What does ideal behaviour 00:37:13:08 00:37:14:19 and operation look like 00:37:15:06 00:37:16:23 for the inclusion of those places? 00:37:17:07 00:37:18:21 What would ideal be? 00:37:19:15 00:37:21:07 So I think ideal, going back to what 00:37:21:08 00:37:22:22 I just said, is involvement from the 00:37:22:23 00:37:24:11 start, involvement at every step 00:37:24:23 00:37:26:09 and making sure we capture the 00:37:26:10 00:37:27:21 feedback at the end. 00:37:27:22 00:37:29:18 So I think it's that ongoing 00:37:29:19 00:37:31:15 involvement and not just sort of 00:37:31:16 00:37:33:09 an ad hoc approach every time we 00:37:33:10 00:37:34:09 think about it. 00:37:34:21 00:37:36:08 The other thing I think we need to 00:37:36:09 00:37:37:23 think about is actually equipping 00:37:38:05 00:37:39:19 the communities to get involved. 00:37:40:08 00:37:42:05 And a good example here is 00:37:42:06 00:37:44:05 if we look at the pharmaceutical 00:37:44:06 00:37:45:08 industry and research and 00:37:45:09 00:37:46:19 development that's happened in that 00:37:46:20 00:37:47:19 space. 00:37:47:20 00:37:49:05 For many years now, we've really 00:37:49:06 00:37:50:23 been empowering and equipping 00:37:50:24 00:37:52:13 patient advocates with the skills 00:37:52:20 00:37:54:11 they need to get involved, 00:37:55:09 00:37:56:19 for example, at EFNA we've been 00:37:56:20 00:37:58:18 running our own training initiatives 00:37:58:19 00:38:00:01 for neurology advocates. 00:38:00:09 00:38:01:13 Some of you might have heard of 00:38:01:17 00:38:03:02 EUPATI, which is the European 00:38:03:17 00:38:05:05 Patients Academy on Therapeutic 00:38:05:10 00:38:06:09 Innovation. 00:38:06:10 00:38:07:23 And this is all about empowering 00:38:08:15 00:38:10:08 patients to understand how research 00:38:10:21 00:38:12:18 and development works and where and 00:38:12:19 00:38:14:01 how they can get involved in that 00:38:14:02 00:38:15:00 continuum. 00:38:15:01 00:38:16:00 So it ranges from 00:38:17:01 00:38:18:23 looking at how you articulate unmet 00:38:18:24 00:38:20:07 needs; how can you design a 00:38:20:19 00:38:22:06 clinical trial methodology; 00:38:22:15 00:38:24:11 exploring patient relevant outcome 00:38:24:12 00:38:26:01 measures and end points; thinking 00:38:26:11 00:38:27:20 about equipping patients to get 00:38:27:21 00:38:29:03 involved in regulatory and 00:38:29:04 00:38:30:13 reimbursement decision making. 00:38:30:24 00:38:32:15 I think we have to do the same sort 00:38:32:16 00:38:34:04 of thing in the area of health 00:38:34:05 00:38:35:17 innovation, because what the 00:38:35:18 00:38:37:10 pandemic has also showed us is that 00:38:37:14 00:38:38:21 there's this major digital 00:38:39:10 00:38:40:14 divide and there's major 00:38:41:10 00:38:43:09 issues in terms of digital literacy. 00:38:43:16 00:38:45:11 And we need to really bring people 00:38:45:12 00:38:46:20 up to speed in terms of what 00:38:47:11 00:38:49:07 we mean by health innovation, how 00:38:49:08 00:38:50:19 it happens and how they can get 00:38:50:20 00:38:52:06 involved. So I think one of the 00:38:52:07 00:38:53:15 things I'd like to see is an 00:38:54:05 00:38:56:03 investment in that sort of capacity 00:38:56:04 00:38:58:04 building so patients really feel 00:38:58:05 00:38:59:16 empowered and confident to get 00:38:59:25 00:39:01:15 involved and to bring their voice 00:39:01:20 00:39:02:20 into the discussion. 00:39:03:10 00:39:04:21 The other thing I think we need to 00:39:04:22 00:39:06:09 ensure is, is diversity as well 00:39:06:17 00:39:07:19 when it comes to patient 00:39:07:20 00:39:08:19 representation. 00:39:09:01 00:39:10:25 I think for many years we saw 00:39:10:26 00:39:12:24 the same people representing the 00:39:13:00 00:39:14:07 patient in discussions with 00:39:15:00 00:39:16:09 the various stakeholders. 00:39:17:01 00:39:18:18 I remember again, when I started in 00:39:18:22 00:39:20:05 this position, the board of 00:39:20:13 00:39:22:12 directors of our organisation 00:39:22:19 00:39:23:19 were all women. 00:39:24:03 00:39:25:19 They were all white women and they 00:39:25:21 00:39:27:15 were all women over the age of fifty 00:39:27:16 00:39:28:10 five. 00:39:28:11 00:39:30:08 And they also all came from a 00:39:30:09 00:39:31:22 pretty high income socioeconomic 00:39:32:08 00:39:33:17 background because they had the 00:39:33:18 00:39:35:04 resources to be able to devote 00:39:35:13 00:39:36:13 their time and energy to 00:39:37:10 00:39:38:19 this type of volunteer work. 00:39:39:00 00:39:40:08 They weren't young people trying to 00:39:40:09 00:39:42:05 hold ten full time jobs or 00:39:42:10 00:39:44:10 people in education or people from 00:39:44:11 00:39:45:10 lower socioeconomic 00:39:46:08 00:39:48:03 backgrounds. And that I think, 00:39:48:11 00:39:50:09 is a risk that when we 00:39:50:10 00:39:52:05 talk about patient involvement, we 00:39:52:06 00:39:53:13 just centre our 00:39:54:07 00:39:55:14 viewpoint on those patient 00:39:56:02 00:39:57:13 representatives who we see as 00:39:57:17 00:39:59:15 experts in the system. 00:39:59:16 00:40:00:18 And that's something we have to get 00:40:00:19 00:40:01:18 over. 00:40:02:01 00:40:03:12 Also, I think we've often seen 00:40:03:24 00:40:05:06 some of the stakeholders, the 00:40:05:07 00:40:07:06 industry in particular, having 00:40:07:07 00:40:08:18 focus groups, the discussions in 00:40:08:19 00:40:10:05 English speaking countries, because 00:40:10:06 00:40:11:18 that's the sort of common language 00:40:11:19 00:40:12:24 of science very often. 00:40:13:07 00:40:14:20 And I think what we have to do is 00:40:14:21 00:40:16:02 make sure we're bringing in those 00:40:16:03 00:40:17:14 broader cultural perspectives. 00:40:18:02 00:40:19:16 And that's something I'd like to see 00:40:19:17 00:40:20:16 more of. 00:40:21:04 00:40:23:02 One other point I think is important 00:40:23:03 00:40:25:02 is we also need to compensate 00:40:25:11 00:40:26:25 patients for their time and also 00:40:27:02 00:40:28:05 acknowledge their expertise. 00:40:28:06 00:40:29:23 So if we're paying doctors, if we're 00:40:29:24 00:40:31:19 paying academics, if 00:40:31:20 00:40:33:10 we're paying health economists, we 00:40:33:13 00:40:34:16 should be paying the patients 00:40:34:17 00:40:35:24 because they are bringing their 00:40:36:00 00:40:37:04 lived experience into the 00:40:37:05 00:40:38:01 discussion. 00:40:38:02 00:40:40:04 And that experience is as valid 00:40:40:08 00:40:42:02 as any other input that you're going 00:40:42:03 00:40:43:22 to have. Probably more valid because 00:40:43:23 00:40:45:08 essentially you're doing user 00:40:45:09 00:40:46:08 testing. 00:40:46:20 00:40:48:09 So I think we really need to see 00:40:48:10 00:40:49:12 that start to happen. 00:40:50:01 00:40:51:18 And the last point I just wanted to 00:40:51:22 00:40:53:24 make was around how we integrate 00:40:53:25 00:40:55:01 the patient perspective. 00:40:55:10 00:40:57:05 So again going back to what I said 00:40:57:06 00:40:58:18 earlier, sometimes we have this 00:40:59:02 00:41:00:11 very sophisticated processes 00:41:01:02 00:41:02:10 for patient involvement. 00:41:02:16 00:41:04:04 We can bring the patients to the 00:41:04:05 00:41:05:18 table. We listen to what they have 00:41:05:19 00:41:07:15 to say, but as soon as they leave 00:41:07:16 00:41:09:05 the room, we think, OK, how do we 00:41:09:06 00:41:10:11 integrate that into what we're 00:41:10:12 00:41:11:11 trying to do here? 00:41:11:13 00:41:12:22 So it's one thing to sort of 00:41:13:02 00:41:14:24 generate evidence or generate 00:41:15:00 00:41:15:24 a perspective. 00:41:15:25 00:41:17:12 It's another thing to integrate 00:41:17:20 00:41:19:10 that into the decision making 00:41:19:11 00:41:20:10 process. 00:41:20:13 00:41:21:11 I think we need to think a little 00:41:21:12 00:41:22:24 bit more about how we use that 00:41:23:00 00:41:24:16 patient perspective in the most 00:41:24:17 00:41:25:16 meaningful way. 00:41:26:19 00:41:28:09 Thank you, Donna, and also thanks 00:41:28:10 00:41:29:17 for calling out specifically the 00:41:29:18 00:41:31:01 need for a greater diversity 00:41:31:19 00:41:33:04 in patient representation and 00:41:33:13 00:41:34:20 definitely a key issue and 00:41:35:10 00:41:37:00 an important issue at the moment. 00:41:37:15 00:41:38:15 Before I hand back to Chas, 00:41:39:12 00:41:41:09 now might be the opportune time to 00:41:41:16 00:41:43:05 to take a question 00:41:43:19 00:41:44:19 from the audience. 00:41:45:06 00:41:46:13 And actually, funnily enough, it's a 00:41:46:14 00:41:47:24 question that we're going to get 00:41:48:00 00:41:49:14 directed back to you, Chas. 00:41:50:01 00:41:52:20 Bernard asks, During covid-19, 00:41:53:02 00:41:55:01 we saw collaborative innovation by 00:41:55:02 00:41:56:01 way of the Oxford AstraZeneca 00:41:56:02 00:41:57:01 vaccine. 00:41:57:18 00:41:59:12 What do you think of obstacles to 00:41:59:13 00:42:01:08 collaborative innovation in normal 00:42:01:09 00:42:02:08 times? 00:42:02:22 00:42:04:08 Thank you, Srin, and thank you, 00:42:04:09 00:42:05:14 Bernard, for the question. 00:42:06:04 00:42:07:16 I actually think there aren't any 00:42:07:17 00:42:08:17 obstacles. 00:42:09:00 00:42:10:25 I think the important thing is that 00:42:11:11 00:42:13:13 all of us in this ecosystem 00:42:14:01 00:42:16:03 have to recognise what 00:42:16:04 00:42:17:04 are our strengths, 00:42:17:24 00:42:19:20 what are our weaknesses? 00:42:20:01 00:42:21:18 I think we have to be humble enough 00:42:22:04 00:42:24:03 to admit what our weaknesses 00:42:24:04 00:42:25:07 are, and then we need to 00:42:26:02 00:42:27:12 work with partners who 00:42:28:02 00:42:29:11 who have strengths in those areas. 00:42:29:12 00:42:31:21 So with the Oxford AstraZeneca 00:42:31:22 00:42:32:21 vaccine, there is no 00:42:33:19 00:42:34:19 way we would 00:42:35:15 00:42:37:14 have been able to manufacture three 00:42:37:15 00:42:39:01 billion samples of the vaccine 00:42:39:21 00:42:41:11 and distribute them to low middle 00:42:42:00 00:42:43:14 and high income countries all over 00:42:43:15 00:42:44:11 the world. 00:42:44:12 00:42:46:01 We had to partner with a company 00:42:46:04 00:42:47:05 like AstraZeneca. 00:42:47:15 00:42:49:18 And so I 00:42:49:24 00:42:51:17 know already in Oxford in this drug 00:42:51:23 00:42:53:09 to genomics consortium, 00:42:54:04 00:42:55:25 we've been working for the past 00:42:56:12 00:42:58:12 decade with 10 large 00:42:58:13 00:42:59:12 pharma companies, 00:43:00:11 00:43:02:10 seven patient organisations, 00:43:02:20 00:43:04:18 more than two hundred academic labs, 00:43:04:25 00:43:06:09 and what we've been trying to do is 00:43:06:10 00:43:08:03 just create a win win scenarios. 00:43:08:08 00:43:10:01 And there are things that we can do 00:43:10:02 00:43:11:17 well, there are things that our 00:43:11:18 00:43:12:23 partners can do 00:43:14:22 00:43:15:25 better than we can. 00:43:16:09 00:43:17:23 We just need to work together and by 00:43:17:24 00:43:19:20 working together, we're increasing 00:43:19:21 00:43:21:04 the probability of success. 00:43:21:14 00:43:22:14 Thanks, Chas. 00:43:22:16 00:43:24:07 What is your perspective of how to 00:43:24:10 00:43:25:24 better involve patients and 00:43:25:25 00:43:27:13 community voices more 00:43:27:20 00:43:29:14 within the research and intellectual 00:43:30:00 00:43:31:15 endeavours of an institution like 00:43:31:16 00:43:32:16 Oxford? 00:43:33:09 00:43:35:13 Well, that's a tough one, Srin, so 00:43:35:23 00:43:36:23 I mean. 00:43:37:14 00:43:38:25 I recognise I'm 00:43:39:12 00:43:41:06 very lucky to be working where I do, 00:43:41:21 00:43:43:11 you know, Oxford, frankly, 00:43:43:21 00:43:45:12 it's a magnet for talent. 00:43:45:16 00:43:47:05 We have an amazing international 00:43:47:21 00:43:48:21 alumni network who 00:43:49:16 00:43:51:09 are keen to work with us to 00:43:51:14 00:43:53:16 address big global problems. 00:43:54:04 00:43:55:22 The university has an amazing brand 00:43:56:05 00:43:57:19 name and convening power. 00:43:58:01 00:43:59:06 We're working with lots of 00:43:59:07 00:44:00:07 companies. We have an 00:44:01:04 00:44:02:11 awesome collaboration with 00:44:03:02 00:44:04:23 Novartis, in fact, and our 00:44:04:25 00:44:06:22 Big Data Institute, where 00:44:06:23 00:44:08:17 colleagues are working together on 00:44:09:02 00:44:10:02 using A.I. 00:44:10:08 00:44:11:25 to accelerate the discovery of new 00:44:12:05 00:44:13:05 medicines. 00:44:13:06 00:44:14:02 Let me share with you. 00:44:14:03 00:44:15:17 I mean, over the past year, many 00:44:16:03 00:44:17:14 people have reached out to me and 00:44:17:15 00:44:18:23 asked me the following question, 00:44:19:15 00:44:21:09 why is Oxford in the news on a daily 00:44:21:17 00:44:22:17 basis? 00:44:22:18 00:44:24:13 Why is Oxford now the most 00:44:24:14 00:44:26:00 talked about university on the 00:44:26:02 00:44:27:02 planet? 00:44:27:05 00:44:29:03 And of course, we've got great 00:44:29:04 00:44:30:22 people and we've got great resources 00:44:30:23 00:44:32:16 and we've got great infrastructure, 00:44:32:22 00:44:34:21 but many other institutions have got 00:44:34:22 00:44:36:13 that. I think there are two things 00:44:37:01 00:44:38:15 that are probably pretty important. 00:44:39:18 00:44:40:18 One is culture. 00:44:41:09 00:44:42:20 We have a culture here of 00:44:42:21 00:44:43:17 collaboration. 00:44:43:18 00:44:45:00 We recognise that the world 00:44:45:21 00:44:47:18 is facing some big challenges. 00:44:47:24 00:44:49:03 Today, we're talking about 00:44:49:04 00:44:51:08 healthcare, but, you know, climate, 00:44:51:09 00:44:52:11 pollution, energy, etc. 00:44:53:00 00:44:54:20 These are big global challenges. 00:44:55:04 00:44:56:03 And the only way we're going to 00:44:56:04 00:44:57:23 tackle those challenges is by coming 00:44:57:24 00:44:59:12 together; coming together across 00:44:59:24 00:45:01:13 disciplines, across departments, 00:45:01:19 00:45:02:25 across divisions, working 00:45:03:20 00:45:05:06 with other institutions, other 00:45:05:08 00:45:07:18 universities, working with industry, 00:45:07:19 00:45:09:06 government regulators, funders, 00:45:09:15 00:45:10:15 et cetera, et cetera. 00:45:10:22 00:45:12:15 Patient groups, society, more 00:45:12:16 00:45:13:15 broadly. 00:45:13:16 00:45:14:25 We have to work together. 00:45:15:06 00:45:16:16 That is the only way we're going to 00:45:16:17 00:45:18:10 accelerate new medicines for 00:45:18:16 00:45:20:12 Alzheimer's or mental health 00:45:20:13 00:45:22:15 or multiple sclerosis or ageing 00:45:22:16 00:45:24:16 or rare diseases, et cetera. 00:45:25:04 00:45:27:03 The second thing is, I think in 00:45:27:04 00:45:28:22 Oxford, we're lucky that we have a 00:45:28:23 00:45:30:14 culture of ambition. 00:45:31:14 00:45:33:05 You know, I'm often saying to many 00:45:33:07 00:45:34:19 of my colleagues and sort of 00:45:35:06 00:45:36:16 forgive me, this is a bit of a bias, 00:45:36:25 00:45:38:22 but I'm not interested in 00:45:38:23 00:45:40:06 incremental research. 00:45:40:16 00:45:42:03 You know, what we need to do is we 00:45:42:04 00:45:44:08 need to do transformative research, 00:45:45:01 00:45:46:15 develop new technologies and new 00:45:46:21 00:45:48:01 platforms that are truly 00:45:48:20 00:45:50:09 going to change the world and are 00:45:50:10 00:45:52:04 going to benefit the lives of 00:45:52:10 00:45:54:00 millions of patients all over the 00:45:54:02 00:45:55:10 world and improve the lives 00:45:56:00 00:45:57:06 of everybody on the planet. 00:45:57:07 00:45:58:15 So I hope that answers your 00:45:58:22 00:45:59:22 question, Srin. 00:46:00:02 00:46:01:02 Thanks, Chas. 00:46:01:06 00:46:03:00 We're sort of moving into the final, 00:46:03:01 00:46:04:14 I guess, ten minutes or so 00:46:05:03 00:46:06:12 of this discussion. 00:46:06:13 00:46:07:25 And I want to start moving more to a 00:46:08:00 00:46:09:16 couple of audience questions. 00:46:10:03 00:46:11:01 I'm just looking through here, 00:46:11:02 00:46:12:01 Peteris, we did have 00:46:12:25 00:46:14:13 a question from the audience 00:46:15:01 00:46:16:01 directed at you. 00:46:16:08 00:46:17:14 The question was 00:46:20:02 00:46:21:00 from Agata, it's whether you could give 00:46:21:01 00:46:23:10 examples of funding initiatives 00:46:23:11 00:46:25:05 available from the EU for 00:46:25:10 00:46:26:13 e-medicine projects? 00:46:27:22 00:46:28:19 Definitely. 00:46:28:20 00:46:30:18 As I said, I'm not the person 00:46:30:19 00:46:32:03 in charge of this dossier right now, 00:46:32:12 00:46:34:05 there is a e-health head of unit, 00:46:34:15 00:46:35:18 but in the next Horizon 00:46:36:15 00:46:38:00 Europe programme, in the next 00:46:38:11 00:46:39:25 multiannual financial framework, 00:46:40:11 00:46:41:20 our next budget, there is an 00:46:42:07 00:46:44:04 increased amount for health 00:46:44:05 00:46:45:17 research and for e-health 00:46:45:25 00:46:46:25 specifically. 00:46:47:04 00:46:48:24 There's also a very much 00:46:48:25 00:46:50:13 beefed up health budget. 00:46:50:14 00:46:52:12 If anything, this crisis 00:46:52:13 00:46:54:05 has shown that we need to invest 00:46:54:06 00:46:56:20 more also in health implementation 00:46:57:04 00:46:58:14 and then in the Recovery and 00:46:58:22 00:47:00:10 Resilience Facility, 00:47:00:18 00:47:02:15 which is the seven hundred and fifty 00:47:02:16 00:47:04:13 billion going to the member 00:47:04:14 00:47:06:22 states to reboot their economies 00:47:07:01 00:47:08:04 after the Covid crisis, 00:47:09:01 00:47:10:14 which hopefully will eventually be 00:47:10:15 00:47:11:15 over. 00:47:11:21 00:47:14:04 Health is a vital part, 00:47:14:10 00:47:16:11 along with 20 percent that 00:47:16:12 00:47:18:01 is foreseen of this funding to go 00:47:18:07 00:47:20:01 to digital investment, much of which 00:47:20:08 00:47:21:09 can be digital health. 00:47:21:15 00:47:23:09 This then depends on the autonomy of 00:47:23:14 00:47:25:09 the country and their decisions in 00:47:25:10 00:47:26:14 collaboration with the European 00:47:26:15 00:47:27:25 Commission, plus thirty seven 00:47:28:09 00:47:30:12 percent for climate investments, 00:47:30:18 00:47:32:20 which also can go in a health 00:47:32:21 00:47:33:18 area. 00:47:33:19 00:47:35:03 And being responsible for the 00:47:35:08 00:47:37:04 decentralised technologies now, 00:47:37:10 00:47:38:23 I think one of the effects that 00:47:39:10 00:47:40:25 we're going to see coming out of the 00:47:41:00 00:47:42:01 crisis is that people 00:47:43:01 00:47:44:03 have gotten out of the 00:47:44:22 00:47:46:17 habit of, because they 00:47:46:18 00:47:48:15 haven't been able to, to having 00:47:48:16 00:47:50:05 regular health check-ups, taking 00:47:50:14 00:47:52:03 care of conditions which are not 00:47:52:04 00:47:53:17 Covid, they may be been tracking 00:47:54:07 00:47:55:22 more whether they have Covid, 00:47:56:09 00:47:58:04 perhaps if we're lucky, their 00:47:58:05 00:47:59:20 exercise and things that are doing 00:47:59:21 00:48:00:20 it at home. 00:48:00:23 00:48:02:22 But this link, again to the health 00:48:02:23 00:48:04:25 system for regular 00:48:05:00 00:48:06:06 health issues, for dental 00:48:06:13 00:48:07:18 appointments, which haven't been 00:48:07:19 00:48:09:08 accessible to many people, 00:48:09:17 00:48:11:10 and then plus which is also a major 00:48:11:13 00:48:13:03 goal for us in the EU and I think 00:48:13:06 00:48:15:15 for the science and innovation 00:48:15:16 00:48:16:24 community globally, getting 00:48:17:16 00:48:19:11 people to share 00:48:19:15 00:48:21:18 their data and 00:48:21:19 00:48:23:17 also to participate 00:48:23:23 00:48:25:16 in clinical trials where 00:48:25:17 00:48:26:13 appropriate. 00:48:26:14 00:48:28:08 I think this is also, at least in a 00:48:28:09 00:48:29:22 lot of parts of the world, taken 00:48:30:19 00:48:32:13 taken a big hit. 00:48:33:04 00:48:34:10 I talk frequently with the 00:48:34:13 00:48:36:04 Caribbean, with Africa, 00:48:36:10 00:48:38:08 with places where people have 00:48:38:12 00:48:39:23 not gotten, for instance, any 00:48:40:13 00:48:41:13 vaccines. 00:48:41:15 00:48:43:02 And I think you're going to see 00:48:43:16 00:48:45:18 scepticism in Europe as well about 00:48:45:19 00:48:47:05 people wanting to donate their 00:48:47:16 00:48:48:20 data for something where 00:48:49:16 00:48:51:12 at least for a time period, they 00:48:51:13 00:48:53:11 are not seeing any kind 00:48:53:12 00:48:55:04 of benefit for themselves and their 00:48:55:07 00:48:56:19 neighbours. So this is something 00:48:56:20 00:48:58:03 else I think we're going to have to 00:48:58:04 00:48:59:22 get over and that 00:49:00:01 00:49:01:25 something like pain and other 00:49:02:00 00:49:04:05 opportunities for people to be able 00:49:04:09 00:49:05:09 to organise the 00:49:06:06 00:49:07:14 donation of their own data. 00:49:08:02 00:49:09:16 And there's an interesting example 00:49:09:17 00:49:11:16 in the other place in Cambridge, 00:49:11:20 00:49:13:07 a company called Fetch AI, 00:49:13:21 00:49:15:11 which works with the NHS as well, 00:49:15:21 00:49:17:22 and artificial intelligence on 00:49:17:23 00:49:19:16 citizens managing their own health 00:49:19:17 00:49:20:16 data. 00:49:21:16 00:49:23:09 Before we start to wrap up, I just 00:49:23:22 00:49:25:08 want to open it to the panel 00:49:25:23 00:49:27:18 whether anyone has any final 00:49:27:19 00:49:28:25 thoughts on the subject that they 00:49:29:00 00:49:30:00 would like to share. 00:49:31:05 00:49:32:24 There was there was a question to me 00:49:33:04 00:49:35:04 about where you can find a 00:49:35:14 00:49:36:25 start up information, so this 00:49:37:10 00:49:38:12 is quite simple. 00:49:38:19 00:49:40:08 The Start-Up Europe Club. 00:49:40:17 00:49:42:17 Start-Up, step up, scale up. 00:49:42:21 00:49:44:10 Start-Up Europe Club. Please go 00:49:44:11 00:49:45:20 there, and you can also write to me 00:49:45:21 00:49:46:20 directly. 00:49:47:04 00:49:48:25 Fantastic. Well, thank 00:49:49:00 00:49:50:00 you very much, Peteris. 00:49:50:02 00:49:51:16 And so I guess 00:49:52:03 00:49:53:14 before I hand back over to Chas, 00:49:53:22 00:49:55:08 like, just kind of want to say, 00:49:55:09 00:49:56:16 like, incredibly encouraged 00:49:57:05 00:49:59:07 and excited by all the efforts 00:49:59:08 00:50:00:06 discussed here today. 00:50:00:07 00:50:01:17 And I think we can we can all 00:50:02:03 00:50:03:11 agree there are still lots of 00:50:03:12 00:50:05:11 challenges ahead for 00:50:05:13 00:50:07:06 folks with all sorts of conditions, 00:50:07:13 00:50:08:23 neurological included, 00:50:09:11 00:50:11:05 but feeling really optimistic that 00:50:11:06 00:50:12:23 there are lots of lots of really 00:50:12:24 00:50:14:22 amazing people working hard to try 00:50:14:23 00:50:16:17 and make things better for people. 00:50:16:18 00:50:18:21 And Chas, and any final 00:50:18:22 00:50:19:21 thoughts from you? 00:50:20:06 00:50:21:06 Yeah, thank you, Srin and 00:50:22:02 00:50:23:17 colleagues, thank you so much for 00:50:24:01 00:50:25:23 giving up your time to listen to 00:50:25:24 00:50:26:18 this discussion. 00:50:26:19 00:50:27:25 I mean, maybe I'll make three or 00:50:28:00 00:50:29:19 four very brief comments. 00:50:30:16 00:50:32:11 Last year was an extraordinary 00:50:32:16 00:50:34:01 it changed the lives of every 00:50:34:12 00:50:36:17 single individual on this planet. 00:50:37:10 00:50:39:11 But I think there was some important 00:50:39:12 00:50:41:10 lessons that I think everybody 00:50:41:11 00:50:43:06 recognises that science and 00:50:43:07 00:50:44:14 technology is important. 00:50:45:08 00:50:46:18 Universities are important; 00:50:47:04 00:50:49:11 industry is important; regulators, 00:50:49:12 00:50:50:19 and doing stuff at speed is 00:50:50:25 00:50:52:22 important, making use 00:50:52:23 00:50:54:20 of, in the UK, national health 00:50:54:21 00:50:56:24 system is incredibly important, 00:50:57:12 00:50:58:23 but manufacturing diagnostics 00:50:59:16 00:51:00:15 is important. 00:51:00:16 00:51:02:16 But the other thing is we need great 00:51:02:17 00:51:04:17 leaders, great innovators 00:51:04:23 00:51:06:02 and great entrepreneurs. 00:51:06:20 00:51:08:20 It's people who make magic 00:51:08:21 00:51:10:21 happen, and we need 00:51:10:22 00:51:12:16 great collaborations and great 00:51:12:17 00:51:14:08 partnerships if we're going to 00:51:14:09 00:51:15:20 accelerate solutions, 00:51:16:05 00:51:17:11 some of the problems that this 00:51:17:12 00:51:18:12 planet is facing. 00:51:19:09 00:51:20:16 The second thing I'd say is in 00:51:20:17 00:51:21:16 healthcare. 00:51:22:16 00:51:24:01 Healthcare in the next couple of 00:51:24:02 00:51:25:18 decades is going to get completely 00:51:26:19 00:51:28:17 transformed, not by people 00:51:28:18 00:51:30:22 like me, clinicians, 00:51:30:23 00:51:32:20 biologists, chemists, it's 00:51:32:21 00:51:34:03 going to get transformed by 00:51:34:04 00:51:36:08 engineers, computational 00:51:36:14 00:51:38:20 scientists, statisticians, 00:51:38:21 00:51:40:12 material scientists, etc.. 00:51:41:16 00:51:43:08 The third comment I'd make is that 00:51:44:07 00:51:46:09 my ambition for Oxford is 00:51:46:18 00:51:48:17 I want Oxford to be the European 00:51:48:18 00:51:50:07 hub for innovation and enterprise 00:51:51:00 00:51:52:00 in healthcare. 00:51:52:11 00:51:54:07 And to that end, what we're doing 00:51:54:14 00:51:56:11 is we're attracting lots more 00:51:56:12 00:51:59:00 industry, lots more investors, 00:51:59:07 00:52:00:24 lots more innovators, and 00:52:01:13 00:52:02:14 that's the way to do it. 00:52:03:09 00:52:04:22 And my final comment is, 00:52:05:12 00:52:06:23 you know, having listened to 00:52:07:22 00:52:09:09 Srin and Vreni and Peteris and 00:52:09:19 00:52:10:19 Maayan and Donna, 00:52:11:17 00:52:12:25 I'm always inspired by such 00:52:13:14 00:52:15:11 colleagues and I think 00:52:15:12 00:52:16:22 I'm so lucky to be working in 00:52:17:08 00:52:19:24 an environment on problems 00:52:20:00 00:52:21:07 with people like that. 00:52:21:20 00:52:24:00 And it is just a source 00:52:24:01 00:52:26:00 of energy for me on a daily basis. 00:52:26:01 00:52:28:02 So, colleagues, thank you so much. 00:52:32:20 00:52:34:11 My thanks to Professor Chas 00:52:34:16 00:52:35:16 Bountra, Srin Madipalli, 00:52:36:16 00:52:38:13 Donna Walsh, Maayan Ziv, 00:52:39:03 00:52:40:20 Peteris Zilgalvis and Vreni 00:52:41:00 00:52:42:00 Schoenenberger. 00:52:42:16 00:52:44:12 My name is Peter Tufano and 00:52:44:13 00:52:45:16 you've been listening to Leadership 00:52:45:17 00:52:47:24 in Extraordinary Times, a podcast 00:52:48:00 00:52:49:19 from Oxford University's Said 00:52:49:20 00:52:50:19 Business School. 00:52:51:16 00:52:53:03 This is the last episode in this 00:52:53:04 00:52:54:03 current series. 00:52:54:07 00:52:55:13 But subscribe now. 00:52:55:16 00:52:57:08 Wherever you get your podcasts, so 00:52:57:12 00:52:58:16 you'll be the first to know when 00:52:58:17 00:52:59:16 we're back. 00:52:59:18 00:53:01:02 Until then, you can find more 00:53:01:03 00:53:02:25 information about this and all the 00:53:02:26 00:53:04:08 Leadership in Extraordinary Times 00:53:04:09 00:53:05:09 series at OxfordAnswers.org. 00:53:07:00 00:53:09:04 But until next time, stay safe 00:53:09:11 00:53:10:09 and thanks for listening.