00:00:08:11 00:00:09:18 Peter Tufano: Hello, I'm Peter 00:00:09:19 00:00:11:01 Peter Tufano: Tufano, the dean of 00:00:11:02 00:00:12:03 Peter Tufano: Said Business School at the University 00:00:12:18 00:00:13:15 Peter Tufano: of Oxford. 00:00:13:16 00:00:14:16 Peter Tufano: Welcome back to the 00:00:14:17 00:00:15:24 Peter Tufano: first episode in a new 00:00:15:25 00:00:17:06 Peter Tufano: series of Leadership 00:00:17:07 00:00:18:07 Peter Tufano: in Extraordinary Times. 00:00:21:17 00:00:22:21 Peter Tufano: This podcast is based 00:00:22:22 00:00:24:03 Peter Tufano: on a series of live 00:00:24:04 00:00:25:11 Peter Tufano: online webinars that 00:00:25:12 00:00:26:12 Peter Tufano: we've been running in Oxford 00:00:27:02 00:00:27:24 Peter Tufano: Said since the outbreak 00:00:28:00 00:00:28:24 Peter Tufano: of the pandemic. 00:00:29:10 00:00:30:12 Peter Tufano: We've been bringing together 00:00:30:13 00:00:31:12 Peter Tufano: our global community 00:00:31:13 00:00:32:14 Peter Tufano: of experts and special 00:00:32:15 00:00:34:00 Peter Tufano: guests to discuss the 00:00:34:01 00:00:35:06 Peter Tufano: challenges that are reshaping 00:00:35:07 00:00:36:13 Peter Tufano: business and society 00:00:36:14 00:00:37:09 Peter Tufano: in this era of 00:00:37:10 00:00:38:10 Peter Tufano: Covid-19. 00:00:39:05 00:00:40:08 Peter Tufano: Our focus is on 00:00:40:09 00:00:41:13 Peter Tufano: finding solutions to 00:00:41:14 00:00:42:15 Peter Tufano: world scale problems 00:00:42:19 00:00:44:00 Peter Tufano: and building forward, 00:00:44:01 00:00:45:00 Peter Tufano: better. 00:00:45:03 00:00:46:08 Peter Tufano: Do check out our archive 00:00:46:09 00:00:47:11 Peter Tufano: of past episodes if 00:00:47:12 00:00:48:11 Peter Tufano: you haven't already. 00:00:48:22 00:00:49:18 Peter Tufano: You'll find topics 00:00:49:19 00:00:50:15 Peter Tufano: ranging from rapid 00:00:50:16 00:00:51:19 Peter Tufano: innovation to building 00:00:51:20 00:00:52:15 Peter Tufano: resilience and public 00:00:52:16 00:00:53:23 Peter Tufano: health lessons from 00:00:53:24 00:00:54:21 Peter Tufano: crisis management and 00:00:54:22 00:00:56:04 Peter Tufano: wellbeing and much 00:00:56:05 00:00:57:04 Peter Tufano: more. 00:00:59:10 00:01:00:10 Peter Tufano: A little less than a 00:01:00:11 00:01:01:16 Peter Tufano: year ago, we entered a 00:01:01:17 00:01:03:10 Peter Tufano: pandemic, at the time, 00:01:03:19 00:01:04:20 Peter Tufano: we naively thought 00:01:04:21 00:01:05:16 Peter Tufano: that this was a public 00:01:05:17 00:01:06:17 Peter Tufano: health crisis, which 00:01:06:18 00:01:08:04 Peter Tufano: of course it is, and 00:01:08:05 00:01:09:03 Peter Tufano: one that continues to 00:01:09:04 00:01:10:04 Peter Tufano: this day. 00:01:10:11 00:01:11:11 Peter Tufano: But it's also uncovered 00:01:11:12 00:01:12:20 Peter Tufano: a number of other crises. 00:01:13:17 00:01:14:12 Peter Tufano: Crises that are 00:01:14:13 00:01:15:17 Peter Tufano: economic and political 00:01:15:18 00:01:17:03 Peter Tufano: in nature, crises that 00:01:17:04 00:01:18:04 Peter Tufano: are exacerbated by 00:01:18:05 00:01:19:25 Peter Tufano: inequality and crises 00:01:19:26 00:01:21:05 Peter Tufano: connected to our climate 00:01:21:06 00:01:22:05 Peter Tufano: issues. 00:01:22:16 00:01:23:23 Peter Tufano: And what we've seen as 00:01:23:24 00:01:25:01 Peter Tufano: the waters have receded 00:01:25:02 00:01:26:02 Peter Tufano: is more and more of 00:01:26:03 00:01:27:02 Peter Tufano: these crises brought 00:01:27:03 00:01:28:02 Peter Tufano: to the surface. 00:01:29:01 00:01:29:23 Peter Tufano: It's going to take new 00:01:29:24 00:01:30:19 Peter Tufano: thinking and 00:01:30:20 00:01:31:20 Peter Tufano: innovation to solve 00:01:31:21 00:01:33:14 Peter Tufano: them, but what kind of 00:01:33:15 00:01:34:20 Peter Tufano: innovation and with 00:01:34:21 00:01:35:20 Peter Tufano: what values? 00:01:36:13 00:01:37:09 Peter Tufano: Whether we're dealing with 00:01:37:10 00:01:38:19 Peter Tufano: the distribution of vaccines 00:01:38:20 00:01:40:03 Peter Tufano: or racial divides and 00:01:40:04 00:01:41:05 Peter Tufano: the pervasive problem 00:01:41:06 00:01:42:12 Peter Tufano: of inequality will 00:01:42:13 00:01:43:20 Peter Tufano: require us to make choices 00:01:44:08 00:01:45:09 Peter Tufano: and those choices 00:01:45:10 00:01:46:10 Peter Tufano: require us to use our 00:01:46:11 00:01:47:08 Peter Tufano: judgement and in 00:01:47:09 00:01:48:05 Peter Tufano: particular, to 00:01:48:06 00:01:49:10 Peter Tufano: administer fairness. 00:01:50:10 00:01:51:07 Peter Tufano: The administration of 00:01:51:08 00:01:52:02 Peter Tufano: fairness is the 00:01:52:03 00:01:53:09 Peter Tufano: definition of justice, 00:01:53:18 00:01:54:19 Peter Tufano: and just is what we 00:01:54:20 00:01:55:19 Peter Tufano: need to be. 00:01:56:11 00:01:57:06 Peter Tufano: So we're starting this 00:01:57:07 00:01:58:07 Peter Tufano: new series of Leadership 00:01:58:08 00:01:59:09 Peter Tufano: in Extraordinary Times 00:01:59:18 00:02:00:19 Peter Tufano: by looking at how 00:02:00:20 00:02:01:15 Peter Tufano: we're going to come out 00:02:01:16 00:02:03:01 Peter Tufano: of this pandemic and 00:02:03:02 00:02:04:06 Peter Tufano: all of the associated 00:02:04:07 00:02:05:24 Peter Tufano: crises using tools of 00:02:06:00 00:02:07:18 Peter Tufano: innovation and with a 00:02:07:19 00:02:08:18 Peter Tufano: sense of justice. 00:02:10:01 00:02:11:16 Peter Tufano: Episode one, Social 00:02:11:22 00:02:13:01 Peter Tufano: Innovation and Social 00:02:13:02 00:02:14:09 Peter Tufano: Justice with Cheryl 00:02:14:10 00:02:15:12 Peter Tufano: Dorsey and Peter 00:02:15:13 00:02:16:12 Peter Tufano: Drobac. 00:02:17:12 00:02:18:09 Peter Tufano: An accelerating 00:02:18:10 00:02:20:02 Peter Tufano: pandemic, widening 00:02:20:03 00:02:21:18 Peter Tufano: inequality, a great 00:02:21:20 00:02:23:07 Peter Tufano: democracy, teetering, 00:02:23:23 00:02:24:23 Peter Tufano: it's all a bit bleak, 00:02:25:11 00:02:26:06 Peter Tufano: but there are green 00:02:26:07 00:02:27:15 Peter Tufano: shoots of possibility 00:02:27:16 00:02:28:12 Peter Tufano: and that's where social 00:02:28:13 00:02:29:12 Peter Tufano: entrepreneurs come in. 00:02:29:24 00:02:30:23 Peter Tufano: In this episode, we 00:02:30:24 00:02:31:23 Peter Tufano: hear from two leaders 00:02:31:24 00:02:32:23 Peter Tufano: in the field. 00:02:33:14 00:02:34:17 Peter Tufano: Cheryl Dorsey has been 00:02:34:18 00:02:35:19 Peter Tufano: a trailblazer in this 00:02:35:20 00:02:36:19 Peter Tufano: movement. 00:02:36:20 00:02:38:05 Peter Tufano: Cheryl is the CEO of 00:02:38:06 00:02:39:08 Peter Tufano: Echoing Green, a 00:02:39:09 00:02:40:14 Peter Tufano: global non-profit that 00:02:40:15 00:02:41:11 Peter Tufano: supports emerging 00:02:41:12 00:02:42:11 Peter Tufano: social entrepreneurs 00:02:42:12 00:02:43:07 Peter Tufano: and invests in their 00:02:43:08 00:02:44:08 Peter Tufano: ideas and leadership. 00:02:45:01 00:02:45:23 Peter Tufano: She's cultivating a 00:02:45:24 00:02:46:22 Peter Tufano: generation of change 00:02:46:23 00:02:48:01 Peter Tufano: makers working across 00:02:48:02 00:02:49:05 Peter Tufano: sectors to build a 00:02:49:06 00:02:50:05 Peter Tufano: better world. 00:02:50:24 00:02:51:19 Peter Tufano: There's an old saying 00:02:51:20 00:02:52:15 Peter Tufano: that behind every good 00:02:52:16 00:02:54:10 Peter Tufano: X, there's a why and 00:02:54:11 00:02:55:12 Peter Tufano: behind most leading 00:02:55:13 00:02:56:11 Peter Tufano: high impact social 00:02:56:12 00:02:57:17 Peter Tufano: entrepreneurs, whether 00:02:57:18 00:02:58:15 Peter Tufano: that's Wendy Kopp's 00:02:58:16 00:02:59:25 Peter Tufano: Teach for America or 00:03:00:00 00:03:01:04 Peter Tufano: Raj Punjabi's Last 00:03:01:05 00:03:02:07 Peter Tufano: Mile Health, there's 00:03:02:08 00:03:03:10 Peter Tufano: Echoing Green and 00:03:03:11 00:03:04:11 Peter Tufano: Cheryl Dorsey. An 00:03:05:02 00:03:06:02 Peter Tufano: entrepreneur herself, 00:03:06:03 00:03:06:24 Peter Tufano: Cheryl has served in 00:03:07:00 00:03:08:02 Peter Tufano: two U.S. presidential 00:03:08:03 00:03:09:13 Peter Tufano: administrations and 00:03:09:14 00:03:10:09 Peter Tufano: has long been a 00:03:10:10 00:03:11:15 Peter Tufano: powerful advocate for 00:03:11:16 00:03:12:22 Peter Tufano: racial justice and 00:03:12:23 00:03:14:06 Peter Tufano: equity in business and 00:03:14:07 00:03:15:06 Peter Tufano: philanthropy. 00:03:16:01 00:03:17:05 Peter Tufano: Cheryl's in conversation 00:03:17:06 00:03:18:10 Peter Tufano: with my colleague, Dr. 00:03:18:11 00:03:19:22 Peter Tufano: Peter Drobac, a global 00:03:19:23 00:03:20:22 Peter Tufano: health physician, 00:03:20:23 00:03:22:01 Peter Tufano: social entrepreneur 00:03:22:12 00:03:23:20 Peter Tufano: and director of the 00:03:23:21 00:03:24:19 Peter Tufano: Skoll Centre for 00:03:24:20 00:03:26:02 Peter Tufano: Social Entrepreneurship 00:03:26:03 00:03:27:01 Peter Tufano: here at Said Business 00:03:27:02 00:03:28:02 Peter Tufano: School in Oxford. 00:03:28:18 00:03:29:17 Peter Tufano: For over a decade, 00:03:29:18 00:03:30:15 Peter Tufano: Peter played a key 00:03:30:16 00:03:31:21 Peter Tufano: role in the transformation 00:03:31:22 00:03:32:16 Peter Tufano: of Rwanda's health 00:03:32:17 00:03:33:17 Peter Tufano: system, working with 00:03:33:18 00:03:34:17 Peter Tufano: Partners in Health, 00:03:35:03 00:03:35:23 Peter Tufano: which has delivered 00:03:35:24 00:03:37:08 Peter Tufano: unprecedented gains in 00:03:37:09 00:03:38:08 Peter Tufano: population health and 00:03:38:09 00:03:39:09 Peter Tufano: prosperity. 00:03:39:22 00:03:41:00 Peter Tufano: He's a co-founder and 00:03:41:01 00:03:41:23 Peter Tufano: the first executive 00:03:41:24 00:03:43:04 Peter Tufano: director of the University 00:03:43:05 00:03:44:05 Peter Tufano: of Global Health Equity 00:03:44:06 00:03:45:14 Peter Tufano: in Rwanda, which is 00:03:45:15 00:03:46:21 Peter Tufano: training the next generation 00:03:46:22 00:03:48:01 Peter Tufano: of global health leaders. 00:03:48:18 00:03:49:17 Peter Tufano: Cheryl and Peter are 00:03:49:18 00:03:51:07 Peter Tufano: both doctors working 00:03:51:08 00:03:52:07 Peter Tufano: to treat society's 00:03:52:08 00:03:53:07 Peter Tufano: greatest challenges. 00:03:54:00 00:03:55:07 Peter Tufano: They discussed the entangled 00:03:55:08 00:03:57:01 Peter Tufano: crises of Covid-19 and 00:03:57:02 00:03:58:10 Peter Tufano: inequality, recent 00:03:58:11 00:03:59:06 Peter Tufano: events in Washington, 00:03:59:07 00:04:00:18 Peter Tufano: D.C., and why the 00:04:00:19 00:04:01:14 Peter Tufano: world needs social 00:04:01:15 00:04:02:23 Peter Tufano: entrepreneurs now more 00:04:02:24 00:04:03:24 Peter Tufano: than ever. 00:04:04:03 00:04:05:06 Peter Tufano: Over to Dr. Peter 00:04:05:07 00:04:06:06 Peter Tufano: Drobac. 00:04:06:21 00:04:07:21 Peter Drobac: Thank you all for joining 00:04:07:22 00:04:09:05 Peter Drobac: us. Welcome to all of 00:04:09:06 00:04:10:03 Peter Drobac: you. Whether you're joining 00:04:10:04 00:04:11:05 Peter Drobac: us in Oxford or from 00:04:11:06 00:04:12:05 Peter Drobac: around the world, it's 00:04:12:09 00:04:13:15 Peter Drobac: raining here in Oxford. 00:04:13:16 00:04:15:07 Peter Drobac: We're very on brand 00:04:15:13 00:04:17:01 Peter Drobac: today for England. 00:04:17:02 00:04:17:22 Peter Drobac: Thrilled to be with you 00:04:17:23 00:04:19:00 Peter Drobac: for this first Leadership 00:04:19:01 00:04:20:01 Peter Drobac: in Extraordinary Times 00:04:20:02 00:04:21:19 Peter Drobac: event of 2021. 00:04:21:25 00:04:22:23 Peter Drobac: We'll be talking about 00:04:22:24 00:04:23:18 Peter Drobac: social innovation and 00:04:23:19 00:04:24:18 Peter Drobac: social justice in an 00:04:24:19 00:04:25:18 Peter Drobac: age of pandemics. 00:04:25:25 00:04:26:20 Peter Drobac: We're not only living 00:04:26:21 00:04:28:09 Peter Drobac: in a threat where with 00:04:28:10 00:04:29:20 Peter Drobac: urbanisation, globalisation 00:04:29:21 00:04:30:22 Peter Drobac: and climate change, 00:04:30:23 00:04:32:07 Peter Drobac: emerging pathogens and 00:04:32:08 00:04:33:18 Peter Drobac: pandemic threats are 00:04:33:19 00:04:34:18 Peter Drobac: going to be ever present, 00:04:34:25 00:04:35:21 Peter Drobac: but we're living 00:04:35:22 00:04:37:00 Peter Drobac: through a series of 00:04:37:01 00:04:38:05 Peter Drobac: entangled systemic 00:04:38:06 00:04:39:21 Peter Drobac: crises, pandemic level 00:04:39:22 00:04:41:09 Peter Drobac: threats, economic, 00:04:41:10 00:04:43:06 Peter Drobac: social, climate, 00:04:43:07 00:04:44:14 Peter Drobac: et cetera. And all of 00:04:44:15 00:04:45:17 Peter Drobac: these things are entangled. 00:04:45:18 00:04:46:12 Peter Drobac: And we want to talk about 00:04:46:13 00:04:47:20 Peter Drobac: the ways that social 00:04:47:21 00:04:48:20 Peter Drobac: entrepreneurs can be 00:04:48:21 00:04:49:16 Peter Drobac: the sort of people that 00:04:49:17 00:04:50:14 Peter Drobac: can help us get out of 00:04:50:15 00:04:52:00 Peter Drobac: this and help us think 00:04:52:01 00:04:52:24 Peter Drobac: about how we might make 00:04:52:25 00:04:54:06 Peter Drobac: a world that's fit for 00:04:54:07 00:04:55:09 Peter Drobac: purpose in the 21st 00:04:55:10 00:04:56:05 Peter Drobac: century. Because if there's 00:04:56:06 00:04:57:00 Peter Drobac: one thing I think we can 00:04:57:01 00:04:57:19 Peter Drobac: all agree on is that 00:04:57:20 00:04:59:09 Peter Drobac: business as usual is 00:04:59:10 00:05:00:14 Peter Drobac: no longer getting it 00:05:00:15 00:05:01:09 Peter Drobac: done. 00:05:01:10 00:05:02:11 Peter Drobac: Now, there's no better 00:05:02:12 00:05:03:21 Peter Drobac: person to tackle these 00:05:03:22 00:05:05:08 Peter Drobac: big, thorny issues 00:05:05:12 00:05:06:19 Peter Drobac: than Cheryl Dorsey. 00:05:07:09 00:05:08:11 Peter Drobac: Cheryl is herself a social 00:05:08:12 00:05:09:17 Peter Drobac: entrepreneur and was 00:05:09:18 00:05:10:18 Peter Drobac: actually Echoing Green 00:05:10:19 00:05:11:15 Peter Drobac: Fellow once upon a 00:05:11:16 00:05:12:15 Peter Drobac: time and helped to 00:05:12:16 00:05:13:18 Peter Drobac: launch something called the Family 00:05:13:19 00:05:14:14 Peter Drobac: Van, which we'll talk 00:05:14:15 00:05:15:10 Peter Drobac: about, a community 00:05:15:11 00:05:16:06 Peter Drobac: based mobile health 00:05:16:07 00:05:17:06 Peter Drobac: unit in Boston. 00:05:17:15 00:05:18:16 Peter Drobac: She became the first 00:05:18:17 00:05:19:11 Peter Drobac: Echoing Green Fellow to 00:05:19:12 00:05:20:11 Peter Drobac: head their social venture 00:05:20:12 00:05:22:05 Peter Drobac: fund in 2002 and has 00:05:22:06 00:05:23:08 Peter Drobac: really emerged as an 00:05:23:09 00:05:24:08 Peter Drobac: important leader and 00:05:24:09 00:05:25:16 Peter Drobac: voice in in a 00:05:26:04 00:05:27:13 Peter Drobac: number of spheres. 00:05:27:14 00:05:28:09 Peter Drobac: And we'll touch on a 00:05:28:10 00:05:29:11 Peter Drobac: lot of those things today. 00:05:29:12 00:05:30:22 Peter Drobac: So, Cheryl, thank you 00:05:30:23 00:05:31:20 Peter Drobac: for being here and welcome 00:05:31:21 00:05:32:08 Peter Drobac: again. 00:05:32:09 00:05:33:07 Cheryl Dorsey: Thank you, Peter. 00:05:33:08 00:05:34:21 Cheryl Dorsey: I'm so honoured and 00:05:34:22 00:05:35:20 Cheryl Dorsey: excited to be with 00:05:35:21 00:05:36:21 Cheryl Dorsey: you this morning. 00:05:36:22 00:05:37:21 Cheryl Dorsey: It's morning for me. 00:05:38:13 00:05:39:16 Peter Drobac: It is morning in Washington, 00:05:39:17 00:05:40:17 Peter Drobac: D.C., I think you're speaking 00:05:40:18 00:05:41:17 Peter Drobac: to us from your home 00:05:41:18 00:05:42:13 Peter Drobac: in D.C. 00:05:42:14 00:05:43:12 Peter Drobac: and you live just 00:05:43:13 00:05:44:25 Peter Drobac: blocks from the US 00:05:45:00 00:05:46:08 Peter Drobac: Capitol, where there's 00:05:46:09 00:05:47:10 Peter Drobac: been a bit of drama 00:05:47:11 00:05:48:17 Peter Drobac: over the last couple 00:05:48:18 00:05:49:24 Peter Drobac: of weeks. We've we've 00:05:49:25 00:05:50:24 Peter Drobac: all sort of gotten 00:05:51:00 00:05:51:23 Peter Drobac: used to living in 00:05:51:24 00:05:53:13 Peter Drobac: lockdowns, but you've 00:05:53:14 00:05:54:20 Peter Drobac: experienced a different 00:05:54:21 00:05:55:20 Peter Drobac: kind of lockdown. 00:05:55:22 00:05:56:20 Peter Drobac: Sounds a bit more like 00:05:56:21 00:05:57:20 Peter Drobac: martial law. 00:05:58:10 00:05:59:08 Peter Drobac: How is it, what have 00:05:59:09 00:06:00:08 Peter Drobac: things been like in D.C. 00:06:00:09 00:06:01:08 Peter Drobac: over the last couple of weeks? 00:06:02:09 00:06:03:14 Cheryl Dorsey: So thank you for asking. 00:06:03:15 00:06:04:14 Cheryl Dorsey: It's a bit surreal, 00:06:04:15 00:06:05:14 Cheryl Dorsey: Peter. 00:06:07:01 00:06:09:01 Cheryl Dorsey: We witnessed for 00:06:09:02 00:06:10:24 Cheryl Dorsey: the first time in our 00:06:11:07 00:06:12:17 Cheryl Dorsey: nation's history the 00:06:12:18 00:06:14:06 Cheryl Dorsey: breach of our Capitol 00:06:14:07 00:06:15:22 Cheryl Dorsey: with the symbol of 00:06:16:04 00:06:17:11 Cheryl Dorsey: a failed insurrection 00:06:17:12 00:06:18:10 Cheryl Dorsey: from the 19th 00:06:18:11 00:06:19:11 Cheryl Dorsey: century. 00:06:19:12 00:06:20:17 Cheryl Dorsey: I don't think we had 00:06:20:18 00:06:21:21 Cheryl Dorsey: a terribly peaceful 00:06:21:22 00:06:23:11 Cheryl Dorsey: transfer of power. 00:06:23:18 00:06:25:15 Cheryl Dorsey: And we have this 00:06:25:18 00:06:27:06 Cheryl Dorsey: bubbling up of this 00:06:27:07 00:06:28:12 Cheryl Dorsey: tension that really 00:06:28:13 00:06:29:24 Cheryl Dorsey: exists at the heart 00:06:30:06 00:06:31:18 Cheryl Dorsey: of the American 00:06:31:19 00:06:32:14 Cheryl Dorsey: democratic 00:06:32:15 00:06:33:09 Cheryl Dorsey: experiment. 00:06:33:10 00:06:34:12 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. Sort of this 00:06:34:18 00:06:35:19 Cheryl Dorsey: tension between the 00:06:35:20 00:06:37:09 Cheryl Dorsey: soaring rhetoric and 00:06:37:10 00:06:39:03 Cheryl Dorsey: ideals around justice 00:06:39:11 00:06:40:21 Cheryl Dorsey: and equality for all 00:06:41:01 00:06:41:24 Cheryl Dorsey: and this sort of 00:06:42:00 00:06:43:13 Cheryl Dorsey: sinister animated 00:06:43:14 00:06:44:20 Cheryl Dorsey: feature that created 00:06:44:21 00:06:46:03 Cheryl Dorsey: this country, the 00:06:46:04 00:06:47:00 Cheryl Dorsey: forces of white 00:06:47:01 00:06:48:00 Cheryl Dorsey: supremacy. 00:06:48:01 00:06:49:20 Cheryl Dorsey: And they were on full 00:06:49:21 00:06:51:23 Cheryl Dorsey: display for a month 00:06:51:24 00:06:53:15 Cheryl Dorsey: post-election where 00:06:53:21 00:06:55:01 Cheryl Dorsey: I think there was some 00:06:55:08 00:06:56:17 Cheryl Dorsey: question around how 00:06:56:18 00:06:57:13 Cheryl Dorsey: we were going to get 00:06:57:14 00:06:58:09 Cheryl Dorsey: to the other side of 00:06:58:10 00:07:00:03 Cheryl Dorsey: it. It's an odd, 00:07:00:05 00:07:01:12 Cheryl Dorsey: surreal feeling to 00:07:01:13 00:07:03:01 Cheryl Dorsey: walk your dog three 00:07:03:02 00:07:04:10 Cheryl Dorsey: times a day to see 00:07:05:01 00:07:06:06 Cheryl Dorsey: National Guardsmen, 00:07:06:07 00:07:08:00 Cheryl Dorsey: police forces in your 00:07:08:03 00:07:09:14 Cheryl Dorsey: neighbourhood trying 00:07:09:15 00:07:10:23 Cheryl Dorsey: to protect the residents 00:07:10:24 00:07:12:03 Cheryl Dorsey: of the city, as well 00:07:12:04 00:07:13:03 Cheryl Dorsey: as our nation's Capitol, 00:07:13:10 00:07:15:06 Cheryl Dorsey: the seat of democracy 00:07:15:19 00:07:16:23 Cheryl Dorsey: from insurrectionist 00:07:16:24 00:07:17:23 Cheryl Dorsey: forces. 00:07:18:09 00:07:19:03 Cheryl Dorsey: So it's been quite 00:07:19:04 00:07:20:04 Cheryl Dorsey: difficult and it's 00:07:20:05 00:07:21:04 Cheryl Dorsey: been quite difficult 00:07:21:05 00:07:22:06 Cheryl Dorsey: to interrogate that 00:07:22:07 00:07:23:16 Cheryl Dorsey: concept of American 00:07:23:17 00:07:24:16 Cheryl Dorsey: exceptionalism and 00:07:24:17 00:07:26:09 Cheryl Dorsey: our tendency to want 00:07:26:17 00:07:28:02 Cheryl Dorsey: to export our model 00:07:28:03 00:07:29:00 Cheryl Dorsey: of democracy to 00:07:29:01 00:07:30:08 Cheryl Dorsey: places far flung 00:07:30:09 00:07:31:24 Cheryl Dorsey: around the world when 00:07:32:00 00:07:33:07 Cheryl Dorsey: we are backsliding 00:07:33:20 00:07:35:01 Cheryl Dorsey: in terms of democratic 00:07:35:02 00:07:36:15 Cheryl Dorsey: fashion in a spectacular 00:07:36:16 00:07:38:01 Cheryl Dorsey: form. So it's 00:07:38:13 00:07:40:07 Cheryl Dorsey: it's sad, but 00:07:40:13 00:07:41:19 Cheryl Dorsey: we must remain hopeful. 00:07:41:20 00:07:42:17 Cheryl Dorsey: We've got a new 00:07:42:18 00:07:43:19 Cheryl Dorsey: administration who 00:07:43:20 00:07:44:23 Cheryl Dorsey: has hit the ground running. 00:07:45:14 00:07:47:03 Cheryl Dorsey: We have seated the 00:07:47:04 00:07:49:01 Cheryl Dorsey: first ever woman, 00:07:49:08 00:07:50:12 Cheryl Dorsey: African American of 00:07:50:13 00:07:51:19 Cheryl Dorsey: South Asian descent 00:07:52:01 00:07:53:02 Cheryl Dorsey: as a vice president. 00:07:53:09 00:07:54:15 Cheryl Dorsey: So, again, this two 00:07:54:16 00:07:55:14 Cheryl Dorsey: steps forward, one 00:07:55:15 00:07:56:20 Cheryl Dorsey: step back story. 00:07:57:02 00:07:58:06 Cheryl Dorsey: That is the story of 00:07:58:07 00:07:59:06 Cheryl Dorsey: America. So we 00:07:59:07 00:08:00:07 Cheryl Dorsey: continue on and 00:08:00:08 00:08:01:07 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators 00:08:01:21 00:08:02:15 Cheryl Dorsey: have been called to 00:08:02:16 00:08:03:17 Cheryl Dorsey: this moment to get to 00:08:03:18 00:08:05:02 Cheryl Dorsey: work because there's 00:08:05:03 00:08:06:24 Cheryl Dorsey: just so much repair, 00:08:07:00 00:08:08:11 Cheryl Dorsey: rebuilding and reimagining 00:08:08:12 00:08:09:07 Cheryl Dorsey: to be done in this moment, 00:08:09:08 00:08:10:07 Cheryl Dorsey: Peter. 00:08:10:13 00:08:11:20 Peter Drobac: Well put. And our 00:08:11:21 00:08:12:20 Peter Drobac: mutual friend and 00:08:12:23 00:08:13:18 Peter Drobac: former Echoing Green 00:08:13:19 00:08:14:24 Peter Drobac: fellow Dr. Raj Panjabi 00:08:15:00 00:08:16:04 Peter Drobac: just joined the administration 00:08:16:05 00:08:17:03 Peter Drobac: as the President's 00:08:17:04 00:08:18:02 Peter Drobac: Malaria Coordinator 00:08:18:03 00:08:19:00 Peter Drobac: last week, which I was 00:08:19:01 00:08:20:03 Peter Drobac: excited to see. 00:08:21:04 00:08:22:03 Peter Drobac: Just to to build on 00:08:22:04 00:08:22:23 Peter Drobac: what you were saying a 00:08:22:24 00:08:24:02 Peter Drobac: bit, this kind of rise 00:08:24:03 00:08:25:18 Peter Drobac: in populism and the 00:08:25:19 00:08:26:16 Peter Drobac: deep divisions that 00:08:26:17 00:08:27:17 Peter Drobac: we've we've seen are 00:08:27:18 00:08:28:12 Peter Drobac: nothing new, and 00:08:28:13 00:08:29:08 Peter Drobac: they're driven by a 00:08:29:09 00:08:30:04 Peter Drobac: number of forces, 00:08:30:05 00:08:31:17 Peter Drobac: racism, nativism, 00:08:31:23 00:08:33:07 Peter Drobac: economic anxiety, etc. 00:08:33:08 00:08:34:05 Peter Drobac: But there's also a kind 00:08:34:06 00:08:36:04 Peter Drobac: of nihilism of blow 00:08:36:05 00:08:37:07 Peter Drobac: it all up mentality. 00:08:37:10 00:08:38:12 Peter Drobac: And you've told me in 00:08:38:13 00:08:39:22 Peter Drobac: our previous conversations 00:08:39:23 00:08:40:20 Peter Drobac: that you see social 00:08:40:21 00:08:41:19 Peter Drobac: innovation as a flip 00:08:41:20 00:08:42:17 Peter Drobac: side to that coin or 00:08:42:18 00:08:44:05 Peter Drobac: maybe an antidote to 00:08:44:06 00:08:45:05 Peter Drobac: that kind of mentality. 00:08:45:06 00:08:46:04 Peter Drobac: Can you talk a little bit about 00:08:46:05 00:08:46:21 Peter Drobac: what you meant? 00:08:46:22 00:08:48:04 Cheryl Dorsey: Sure. I mean, again, 00:08:48:05 00:08:49:20 Cheryl Dorsey: I've been toiling in 00:08:49:21 00:08:50:14 Cheryl Dorsey: the field of social 00:08:50:15 00:08:51:14 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation, you know, 00:08:51:15 00:08:53:06 Cheryl Dorsey: two plus decades now. 00:08:53:14 00:08:54:24 Cheryl Dorsey: And, you know, the 00:08:55:00 00:08:56:17 Cheryl Dorsey: animating feature of 00:08:56:24 00:08:58:04 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation is 00:08:58:05 00:08:59:04 Cheryl Dorsey: this recognition, 00:08:59:05 00:09:00:15 Cheryl Dorsey: this clear-eyed recognition 00:09:00:16 00:09:01:24 Cheryl Dorsey: that current systems 00:09:02:05 00:09:03:10 Cheryl Dorsey: are not working or 00:09:03:11 00:09:04:08 Cheryl Dorsey: not working for 00:09:04:09 00:09:05:08 Cheryl Dorsey: enough of us. 00:09:05:18 00:09:07:01 Cheryl Dorsey: But there is a real 00:09:07:10 00:09:08:23 Cheryl Dorsey: animated feature to 00:09:08:24 00:09:10:19 Cheryl Dorsey: try to fix, repair, 00:09:10:20 00:09:12:03 Cheryl Dorsey: rebuild, reimagine 00:09:12:04 00:09:13:01 Cheryl Dorsey: those systems, to make 00:09:13:02 00:09:14:05 Cheryl Dorsey: them more inclusive 00:09:14:22 00:09:15:16 Cheryl Dorsey: and provide more 00:09:15:17 00:09:16:23 Cheryl Dorsey: opportunity for all. 00:09:17:08 00:09:18:16 Cheryl Dorsey: But the diagnosis 00:09:18:17 00:09:19:12 Cheryl Dorsey: that these systems 00:09:19:13 00:09:20:23 Cheryl Dorsey: aren't working is the 00:09:20:24 00:09:22:06 Cheryl Dorsey: same diagnosis that 00:09:22:07 00:09:23:18 Cheryl Dorsey: we see from those 00:09:24:09 00:09:25:22 Cheryl Dorsey: who are animated by 00:09:25:23 00:09:26:22 Cheryl Dorsey: populist anger. 00:09:26:23 00:09:27:25 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. So, again, we 00:09:27:26 00:09:29:11 Cheryl Dorsey: come at the problem 00:09:29:23 00:09:30:21 Cheryl Dorsey: from the same vantage 00:09:30:22 00:09:32:05 Cheryl Dorsey: point, the way that 00:09:32:06 00:09:33:07 Cheryl Dorsey: we have constructed 00:09:33:08 00:09:34:23 Cheryl Dorsey: societal forces are 00:09:34:24 00:09:36:13 Cheryl Dorsey: simply not working. 00:09:36:14 00:09:37:18 Cheryl Dorsey: I often talk about 00:09:37:22 00:09:38:18 Cheryl Dorsey: the weight of 00:09:38:19 00:09:39:22 Cheryl Dorsey: systems, systems, 00:09:39:23 00:09:41:03 Cheryl Dorsey: residues that are 00:09:41:20 00:09:42:20 Cheryl Dorsey: weighting folks down, 00:09:42:23 00:09:43:24 Cheryl Dorsey: people of colour, 00:09:44:00 00:09:45:01 Cheryl Dorsey: marginalised folks, 00:09:45:02 00:09:46:05 Cheryl Dorsey: poor folks, women. 00:09:46:06 00:09:47:00 Cheryl Dorsey: We can go through all 00:09:47:01 00:09:48:01 Cheryl Dorsey: the forms of oppression 00:09:48:05 00:09:49:02 Cheryl Dorsey: and these systems are 00:09:49:03 00:09:50:17 Cheryl Dorsey: exacerbating those so 00:09:50:18 00:09:51:24 Cheryl Dorsey: we all see it. 00:09:52:04 00:09:53:05 Cheryl Dorsey: However, our 00:09:53:06 00:09:54:04 Cheryl Dorsey: prescription for what 00:09:54:05 00:09:55:03 Cheryl Dorsey: to do about it is 00:09:55:04 00:09:56:03 Cheryl Dorsey: radically different. 00:09:56:08 00:09:57:09 Cheryl Dorsey: Social innovators 00:09:57:10 00:09:58:13 Cheryl Dorsey: recognise that indeed 00:09:58:14 00:09:59:13 Cheryl Dorsey: there is a problem, 00:09:59:15 00:10:00:13 Cheryl Dorsey: but they raise their 00:10:00:14 00:10:01:12 Cheryl Dorsey: hand, as engaged, 00:10:01:13 00:10:03:01 Cheryl Dorsey: committed citizens to 00:10:03:02 00:10:04:01 Cheryl Dorsey: say, well, it's our job 00:10:04:02 00:10:05:02 Cheryl Dorsey: to fix it. We roll up 00:10:05:03 00:10:05:22 Cheryl Dorsey: our sleeves, we get 00:10:05:23 00:10:07:03 Cheryl Dorsey: to work and we figure 00:10:07:04 00:10:08:04 Cheryl Dorsey: out what we can do. 00:10:08:10 00:10:09:16 Cheryl Dorsey: So much of the populist 00:10:09:17 00:10:11:11 Cheryl Dorsey: anger is a nihilistic 00:10:11:13 00:10:12:13 Cheryl Dorsey: one. As you said, Peter, 00:10:12:17 00:10:13:18 Cheryl Dorsey: it's blow it all up, 00:10:13:19 00:10:14:16 Cheryl Dorsey: consequences be 00:10:14:17 00:10:15:18 Cheryl Dorsey: damned. And these 00:10:15:19 00:10:16:23 Cheryl Dorsey: conflicting forces 00:10:16:24 00:10:17:23 Cheryl Dorsey: that are butting heads, 00:10:18:01 00:10:19:09 Cheryl Dorsey: there has to be a way 00:10:19:13 00:10:21:05 Cheryl Dorsey: to engage more folks 00:10:21:15 00:10:22:15 Cheryl Dorsey: from the other side 00:10:22:16 00:10:23:24 Cheryl Dorsey: who are as frustrated 00:10:24:13 00:10:25:22 Cheryl Dorsey: as many of us are, 00:10:25:23 00:10:26:18 Cheryl Dorsey: who are engaged in 00:10:26:19 00:10:27:25 Cheryl Dorsey: the work of social innovation, 00:10:28:05 00:10:29:06 Cheryl Dorsey: but do it within the 00:10:29:07 00:10:31:09 Cheryl Dorsey: realm of democratic 00:10:31:10 00:10:32:11 Cheryl Dorsey: practise that provides 00:10:32:12 00:10:33:08 Cheryl Dorsey: a seat for all of us 00:10:33:09 00:10:34:08 Cheryl Dorsey: at the table. 00:10:34:12 00:10:35:10 Cheryl Dorsey: I think that's the needle 00:10:35:11 00:10:36:09 Cheryl Dorsey: to thread. And I think 00:10:36:10 00:10:37:03 Cheryl Dorsey: we've got to figure 00:10:37:04 00:10:37:24 Cheryl Dorsey: it out and we got to 00:10:38:00 00:10:38:23 Cheryl Dorsey: figure it out sooner 00:10:38:24 00:10:39:24 Cheryl Dorsey: rather than later. 00:10:40:04 00:10:41:04 Peter Drobac: Yeah, that's right. 00:10:41:05 00:10:42:07 Peter Drobac: And we as 00:10:43:01 00:10:43:22 Peter Drobac: a as a fellow 00:10:43:23 00:10:45:01 Peter Drobac: recovering doctor, I 00:10:45:02 00:10:46:01 Peter Drobac: use a lot of medical 00:10:46:05 00:10:47:13 Peter Drobac: metaphors and 00:10:48:05 00:10:49:10 Peter Drobac: sometimes talk about 00:10:49:16 00:10:50:12 Peter Drobac: some of these issues 00:10:50:13 00:10:51:13 Peter Drobac: as being deep wounds, 00:10:51:14 00:10:52:10 Peter Drobac: which we're trying to sort 00:10:52:11 00:10:53:23 Peter Drobac: of paper over with 00:10:53:24 00:10:54:22 Peter Drobac: with band aids and 00:10:54:23 00:10:55:18 Peter Drobac: really just treating the 00:10:55:19 00:10:56:15 Peter Drobac: symptoms. 00:10:56:16 00:10:57:19 Peter Drobac: And what social entrepreneurs 00:10:57:20 00:10:58:21 Peter Drobac: and social innovators do 00:10:58:24 00:10:59:20 Peter Drobac: is really try to 00:10:59:21 00:11:00:18 Peter Drobac: understand what's 00:11:00:19 00:11:01:21 Peter Drobac: driving these problems 00:11:01:22 00:11:03:15 Peter Drobac: at the root causes and 00:11:03:22 00:11:04:20 Peter Drobac: try to impact those 00:11:04:21 00:11:05:21 Peter Drobac: systems and those deep 00:11:05:22 00:11:06:19 Peter Drobac: structural forces 00:11:06:20 00:11:07:14 Peter Drobac: treating the system 00:11:07:15 00:11:08:08 Peter Drobac: rather than the 00:11:08:09 00:11:09:09 Peter Drobac: symptoms. 00:11:09:13 00:11:10:22 Peter Drobac: Let's talk about your 00:11:10:23 00:11:11:23 Peter Drobac: organisation Echoing 00:11:11:24 00:11:13:00 Peter Drobac: Green, which has been 00:11:13:01 00:11:14:12 Peter Drobac: for over 30 years at 00:11:14:13 00:11:15:23 Peter Drobac: the at the forefront 00:11:15:24 00:11:16:23 Peter Drobac: of really cultivating 00:11:16:24 00:11:18:08 Peter Drobac: a movement in a generation 00:11:18:09 00:11:19:03 Peter Drobac: of social innovators. 00:11:19:04 00:11:19:22 Peter Drobac: Talk a little bit about 00:11:19:23 00:11:20:21 Peter Drobac: what you do. 00:11:20:22 00:11:22:07 Cheryl Dorsey: Sure. And I'll start 00:11:22:08 00:11:23:17 Cheryl Dorsey: by I often get the 00:11:23:18 00:11:25:04 Cheryl Dorsey: question, why are you 00:11:25:05 00:11:26:04 Cheryl Dorsey: called Echoing Green? Are you an 00:11:26:06 00:11:27:08 Cheryl Dorsey: environmental organisation? 00:11:27:09 00:11:28:08 Cheryl Dorsey: What do you guys do? 00:11:28:09 00:11:29:06 Cheryl Dorsey: And given where 00:11:29:07 00:11:31:00 Cheryl Dorsey: you're sitting today, 00:11:31:10 00:11:32:09 Cheryl Dorsey: Peter, you'll 00:11:32:10 00:11:33:13 Cheryl Dorsey: appreciate that the 00:11:33:14 00:11:34:17 Cheryl Dorsey: name of Echoing Green 00:11:35:00 00:11:36:18 Cheryl Dorsey: comes from a book by 00:11:37:07 00:11:38:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the 18th century 00:11:38:19 00:11:39:20 Cheryl Dorsey: poet, painter and 00:11:39:21 00:11:41:01 Cheryl Dorsey: printer William Blake 00:11:41:08 00:11:42:05 Cheryl Dorsey: called The Echoing 00:11:42:06 00:11:43:03 Cheryl Dorsey: Green Songs of 00:11:43:04 00:11:44:03 Cheryl Dorsey: Innocence. 00:11:44:04 00:11:45:02 Cheryl Dorsey: And he's got a wonderful 00:11:45:03 00:11:46:00 Cheryl Dorsey: quote that in many 00:11:46:01 00:11:47:13 Cheryl Dorsey: ways is the animating 00:11:47:14 00:11:48:16 Cheryl Dorsey: feature of why 00:11:48:17 00:11:49:22 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green does 00:11:49:23 00:11:50:17 Cheryl Dorsey: what it does. And the 00:11:50:18 00:11:51:24 Cheryl Dorsey: quote is, I must 00:11:52:00 00:11:53:18 Cheryl Dorsey: create a system or be 00:11:53:19 00:11:55:02 Cheryl Dorsey: enslaved by another 00:11:55:03 00:11:56:09 Cheryl Dorsey: man's. I will not 00:11:56:10 00:11:58:03 Cheryl Dorsey: reason or compare, my 00:11:58:06 00:11:59:04 Cheryl Dorsey: business is to 00:11:59:05 00:11:59:24 Cheryl Dorsey: create. 00:12:00:00 00:12:00:21 Cheryl Dorsey: And that is just so 00:12:00:22 00:12:01:22 Cheryl Dorsey: lyrical and 00:12:01:23 00:12:03:05 Cheryl Dorsey: beautifully put and 00:12:03:06 00:12:04:18 Cheryl Dorsey: really encapsulates 00:12:04:19 00:12:05:19 Cheryl Dorsey: what we do. 00:12:06:01 00:12:07:02 Cheryl Dorsey: We're talent spotters. 00:12:07:06 00:12:08:10 Cheryl Dorsey: Our job every year 00:12:08:11 00:12:09:04 Cheryl Dorsey: through an annual 00:12:09:05 00:12:10:05 Cheryl Dorsey: global social business 00:12:10:06 00:12:11:15 Cheryl Dorsey: plan competition is 00:12:11:16 00:12:12:13 Cheryl Dorsey: to try to reach into 00:12:12:14 00:12:13:09 Cheryl Dorsey: communities around 00:12:13:10 00:12:14:09 Cheryl Dorsey: the world and 00:12:14:10 00:12:16:02 Cheryl Dorsey: identify early stage 00:12:16:19 00:12:17:18 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders increasingly 00:12:17:19 00:12:18:17 Cheryl Dorsey: looking for proximate 00:12:18:18 00:12:19:12 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders with lived 00:12:19:13 00:12:20:23 Cheryl Dorsey: experience who've got 00:12:20:24 00:12:21:21 Cheryl Dorsey: innovative, game 00:12:21:22 00:12:22:21 Cheryl Dorsey: changing ideas to 00:12:22:22 00:12:24:10 Cheryl Dorsey: improve the life circumstances 00:12:24:11 00:12:25:06 Cheryl Dorsey: of those they care 00:12:25:07 00:12:26:02 Cheryl Dorsey: about and love and 00:12:26:03 00:12:27:13 Cheryl Dorsey: community and provide 00:12:27:14 00:12:28:19 Cheryl Dorsey: them with some money, 00:12:28:25 00:12:29:25 Cheryl Dorsey: some support and 00:12:30:00 00:12:31:05 Cheryl Dorsey: access to our community 00:12:31:06 00:12:32:11 Cheryl Dorsey: to allow them to 00:12:32:21 00:12:34:03 Cheryl Dorsey: launch and scale 00:12:34:07 00:12:35:18 Cheryl Dorsey: their social enterprises. 00:12:35:22 00:12:36:19 Cheryl Dorsey: You're right, Peter, we're 00:12:36:20 00:12:37:25 Cheryl Dorsey: both recovering docs, 00:12:38:00 00:12:38:20 Cheryl Dorsey: and you'll appreciate 00:12:38:21 00:12:40:03 Cheryl Dorsey: as much as I will, so 00:12:40:04 00:12:41:00 Cheryl Dorsey: much of the way we 00:12:41:01 00:12:41:23 Cheryl Dorsey: approach our leadership 00:12:41:24 00:12:42:20 Cheryl Dorsey: development work at 00:12:42:21 00:12:44:03 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green comes 00:12:44:04 00:12:45:13 Cheryl Dorsey: out of the social determinants 00:12:45:14 00:12:46:13 Cheryl Dorsey: of health framework, right, 00:12:46:18 00:12:47:25 Cheryl Dorsey: that you've got to take a holistic 00:12:48:00 00:12:49:03 Cheryl Dorsey: approach to the way 00:12:49:09 00:12:50:06 Cheryl Dorsey: that you deal with 00:12:50:07 00:12:51:01 Cheryl Dorsey: your patient, with 00:12:51:02 00:12:51:24 Cheryl Dorsey: your customer, with 00:12:52:00 00:12:52:18 Cheryl Dorsey: the leaders of 00:12:52:19 00:12:53:14 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green. 00:12:53:15 00:12:54:10 Cheryl Dorsey: And when you look at how 00:12:54:11 00:12:55:13 Cheryl Dorsey: we try to support those 00:12:55:19 00:12:57:07 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders, our supports 00:12:57:08 00:12:58:05 Cheryl Dorsey: really fall into 00:12:58:06 00:12:59:05 Cheryl Dorsey: three buckets. 00:12:59:06 00:13:00:16 Cheryl Dorsey: So one really is 00:13:01:07 00:13:02:04 Cheryl Dorsey: the blocking and 00:13:02:05 00:13:03:06 Cheryl Dorsey: tackling work that 00:13:03:07 00:13:04:03 Cheryl Dorsey: you have to do and 00:13:04:04 00:13:05:13 Cheryl Dorsey: trying to support an 00:13:05:14 00:13:06:14 Cheryl Dorsey: early stage social 00:13:06:15 00:13:07:09 Cheryl Dorsey: innovator. It's all 00:13:07:10 00:13:08:09 Cheryl Dorsey: about access. 00:13:08:10 00:13:09:13 Cheryl Dorsey: How do we increase 00:13:09:14 00:13:10:21 Cheryl Dorsey: access to capital and 00:13:10:22 00:13:12:01 Cheryl Dorsey: other non-financial 00:13:12:11 00:13:13:23 Cheryl Dorsey: supports to help our 00:13:13:24 00:13:14:17 Cheryl Dorsey: innovators get 00:13:14:18 00:13:15:18 Cheryl Dorsey: farther faster? 00:13:15:20 00:13:17:02 Cheryl Dorsey: The second piece also 00:13:17:03 00:13:18:02 Cheryl Dorsey: that you'll appreciate 00:13:18:03 00:13:19:12 Cheryl Dorsey: as a doc is this 00:13:19:13 00:13:20:21 Cheryl Dorsey: notion around the 00:13:20:22 00:13:21:25 Cheryl Dorsey: hard work of social 00:13:21:26 00:13:23:12 Cheryl Dorsey: change that has 00:13:23:15 00:13:25:08 Cheryl Dorsey: physiological impacts 00:13:25:09 00:13:26:17 Cheryl Dorsey: as it relates to 00:13:26:18 00:13:27:17 Cheryl Dorsey: trauma. Right. 00:13:27:18 00:13:28:17 Cheryl Dorsey: You the research of 00:13:28:18 00:13:29:21 Cheryl Dorsey: Geronimus and others 00:13:29:22 00:13:31:02 Cheryl Dorsey: that have looked at a cellular 00:13:31:03 00:13:31:23 Cheryl Dorsey: level and found the 00:13:31:24 00:13:33:06 Cheryl Dorsey: concept of weathering 00:13:33:12 00:13:34:18 Cheryl Dorsey: that disproportionately 00:13:34:19 00:13:36:01 Cheryl Dorsey: impacts folks of 00:13:36:02 00:13:37:03 Cheryl Dorsey: colour, marginalised 00:13:37:04 00:13:37:24 Cheryl Dorsey: communities where 00:13:37:25 00:13:39:20 Cheryl Dorsey: stress and trauma 00:13:39:23 00:13:41:00 Cheryl Dorsey: show off in the way 00:13:41:01 00:13:42:10 Cheryl Dorsey: that our cells are 00:13:42:11 00:13:43:14 Cheryl Dorsey: impacted, leading to 00:13:43:15 00:13:44:11 Cheryl Dorsey: disproportionately 00:13:44:12 00:13:45:10 Cheryl Dorsey: poor outcomes. 00:13:45:11 00:13:46:11 Cheryl Dorsey: So unless you deal 00:13:46:12 00:13:47:11 Cheryl Dorsey: with the outer work, 00:13:47:12 00:13:48:08 Cheryl Dorsey: unless you deal with 00:13:48:09 00:13:49:06 Cheryl Dorsey: both the outer work 00:13:49:07 00:13:50:00 Cheryl Dorsey: of leadership 00:13:50:01 00:13:50:20 Cheryl Dorsey: development as well 00:13:50:21 00:13:51:16 Cheryl Dorsey: as the inner work, 00:13:51:17 00:13:52:15 Cheryl Dorsey: how do we tend to the 00:13:52:16 00:13:53:18 Cheryl Dorsey: soul of the leaders 00:13:53:19 00:13:55:04 Cheryl Dorsey: we support that allow 00:13:55:05 00:13:56:09 Cheryl Dorsey: them to stay in the 00:13:56:10 00:13:57:10 Cheryl Dorsey: game over the long 00:13:57:11 00:13:58:14 Cheryl Dorsey: term and heal 00:13:58:15 00:13:59:23 Cheryl Dorsey: themselves in their communities? 00:14:00:01 00:14:00:20 Cheryl Dorsey: You're not going to 00:14:00:21 00:14:02:11 Cheryl Dorsey: get to the level of transformational 00:14:02:12 00:14:03:11 Cheryl Dorsey: change that we need. 00:14:03:13 00:14:04:14 Cheryl Dorsey: And the last piece at 00:14:04:15 00:14:05:10 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green, we talk a 00:14:05:11 00:14:07:02 Cheryl Dorsey: lot about power and 00:14:07:05 00:14:08:09 Cheryl Dorsey: how do we explicitly 00:14:08:10 00:14:09:24 Cheryl Dorsey: centre power building 00:14:10:00 00:14:10:22 Cheryl Dorsey: strategies to help 00:14:10:23 00:14:11:22 Cheryl Dorsey: these innovators 00:14:11:23 00:14:12:22 Cheryl Dorsey: embed themselves 00:14:12:23 00:14:13:20 Cheryl Dorsey: within systems that 00:14:13:21 00:14:14:20 Cheryl Dorsey: need to be radically 00:14:14:21 00:14:16:09 Cheryl Dorsey: changed and allow 00:14:16:10 00:14:17:17 Cheryl Dorsey: them to build the collective 00:14:17:18 00:14:18:17 Cheryl Dorsey: power to do that? 00:14:18:22 00:14:19:20 Cheryl Dorsey: So it's been a 00:14:19:21 00:14:20:20 Cheryl Dorsey: wonderful journey, 00:14:21:05 00:14:22:08 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green has had the privilege 00:14:22:09 00:14:23:04 Cheryl Dorsey: now to work with 00:14:23:05 00:14:24:11 Cheryl Dorsey: close to nine hundred 00:14:24:16 00:14:25:22 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators in 00:14:26:01 00:14:27:08 Cheryl Dorsey: about 90 countries 00:14:27:09 00:14:28:08 Cheryl Dorsey: around the world. So 00:14:28:09 00:14:29:08 Cheryl Dorsey: building that beloved 00:14:29:09 00:14:30:11 Cheryl Dorsey: community has been 00:14:30:20 00:14:31:15 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of the honour of 00:14:31:16 00:14:32:15 Cheryl Dorsey: a lifetime for me. 00:14:32:19 00:14:33:18 Peter Drobac: It's an amazing and 00:14:33:19 00:14:34:17 Peter Drobac: probably really 00:14:34:18 00:14:36:04 Peter Drobac: difficult job as well, 00:14:36:09 00:14:37:07 Peter Drobac: I think. I don't know 00:14:37:08 00:14:38:02 Peter Drobac: if you've been victims of 00:14:38:03 00:14:38:25 Peter Drobac: your own success, but 00:14:38:26 00:14:39:21 Peter Drobac: as this movement has 00:14:39:22 00:14:41:05 Peter Drobac: grown right the, the 00:14:41:06 00:14:42:11 Peter Drobac: demands for 00:14:42:18 00:14:43:16 Peter Drobac: opportunities like this 00:14:43:17 00:14:44:19 Peter Drobac: has become so great. 00:14:44:20 00:14:45:18 Peter Drobac: I don't know whether it's like 00:14:45:19 00:14:46:15 Peter Drobac: a thousand to one or 00:14:46:16 00:14:47:11 Peter Drobac: something in terms of the 00:14:47:12 00:14:48:08 Peter Drobac: number of applications 00:14:48:09 00:14:49:03 Peter Drobac: versus fellowship 00:14:49:04 00:14:50:12 Peter Drobac: spots. But what do you 00:14:50:13 00:14:51:12 Peter Drobac: look for? 00:14:51:13 00:14:52:14 Peter Drobac: Are there specific 00:14:52:18 00:14:54:06 Peter Drobac: traits or qualities in 00:14:54:07 00:14:55:02 Peter Drobac: this sort of talent 00:14:55:03 00:14:56:24 Peter Drobac: spotting process that 00:14:57:04 00:14:58:00 Peter Drobac: you think can help you 00:14:58:01 00:14:59:04 Peter Drobac: to identify the kind 00:14:59:05 00:15:00:04 Peter Drobac: of leaders that we need? 00:15:00:10 00:15:01:10 Cheryl Dorsey: Absolutely. 00:15:01:11 00:15:02:07 Cheryl Dorsey: And you're right, as 00:15:02:08 00:15:03:08 Cheryl Dorsey: the field has grown 00:15:03:09 00:15:04:06 Cheryl Dorsey: and that's only a good 00:15:04:07 00:15:05:05 Cheryl Dorsey: thing, because any 00:15:05:06 00:15:06:03 Cheryl Dorsey: one organisation 00:15:06:04 00:15:07:20 Cheryl Dorsey: could never hope to 00:15:07:21 00:15:08:24 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of meet the 00:15:09:00 00:15:10:18 Cheryl Dorsey: demands for the 00:15:10:19 00:15:11:19 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators in 00:15:11:20 00:15:12:14 Cheryl Dorsey: their communities. So 00:15:12:15 00:15:13:17 Cheryl Dorsey: we need more players 00:15:13:18 00:15:14:13 Cheryl Dorsey: on the field more 00:15:14:14 00:15:15:13 Cheryl Dorsey: quickly to support 00:15:16:01 00:15:17:04 Cheryl Dorsey: this robust civic 00:15:17:05 00:15:18:05 Cheryl Dorsey: energy. 00:15:18:08 00:15:19:16 Cheryl Dorsey: And there are a lot of problems 00:15:19:17 00:15:21:06 Cheryl Dorsey: we have to to tackle. 00:15:21:07 00:15:22:14 Cheryl Dorsey: And they're increasingly 00:15:22:15 00:15:23:11 Cheryl Dorsey: complex. 00:15:23:12 00:15:25:06 Cheryl Dorsey: They're rapidly 00:15:25:18 00:15:26:13 Cheryl Dorsey: overtaking our 00:15:26:14 00:15:27:09 Cheryl Dorsey: ability to solve 00:15:27:10 00:15:28:11 Cheryl Dorsey: them. So we need more 00:15:28:12 00:15:29:11 Cheryl Dorsey: and more and more. 00:15:29:12 00:15:30:14 Cheryl Dorsey: But Echoing Green has 00:15:30:15 00:15:31:14 Cheryl Dorsey: really sort of staked 00:15:31:15 00:15:32:14 Cheryl Dorsey: its claim on looking 00:15:32:15 00:15:33:18 Cheryl Dorsey: for a particular type 00:15:33:19 00:15:34:22 Cheryl Dorsey: of transformational 00:15:35:10 00:15:36:24 Cheryl Dorsey: social change leader, 00:15:36:25 00:15:38:17 Cheryl Dorsey: Peter. And whereas a 00:15:38:21 00:15:39:22 Cheryl Dorsey: number of our colleagues 00:15:39:23 00:15:40:24 Cheryl Dorsey: and friends in the space 00:15:41:13 00:15:42:22 Cheryl Dorsey: will sort of over 00:15:42:23 00:15:44:02 Cheryl Dorsey: emphasise sort of the 00:15:44:03 00:15:46:00 Cheryl Dorsey: business plan or the 00:15:46:01 00:15:47:09 Cheryl Dorsey: opportunity for scale 00:15:47:10 00:15:48:08 Cheryl Dorsey: at the heart and soul 00:15:48:09 00:15:49:05 Cheryl Dorsey: of what we do is we're 00:15:49:06 00:15:50:12 Cheryl Dorsey: looking for transformational 00:15:50:13 00:15:52:01 Cheryl Dorsey: leadership at the 00:15:52:05 00:15:53:18 Cheryl Dorsey: moment, at the light 00:15:53:19 00:15:54:14 Cheryl Dorsey: bulb moment when 00:15:54:15 00:15:55:12 Cheryl Dorsey: they're first setting 00:15:55:13 00:15:56:25 Cheryl Dorsey: out to launch their 00:15:56:26 00:15:58:00 Cheryl Dorsey: social enterprise. 00:15:58:03 00:15:59:04 Cheryl Dorsey: And we invest in this 00:15:59:05 00:16:00:06 Cheryl Dorsey: talent for the long 00:16:00:07 00:16:01:08 Cheryl Dorsey: haul, whether they remain 00:16:01:09 00:16:02:07 Cheryl Dorsey: with their organisation 00:16:02:08 00:16:03:04 Cheryl Dorsey: or not, because we 00:16:03:05 00:16:05:01 Cheryl Dorsey: think the particular 00:16:05:02 00:16:05:25 Cheryl Dorsey: leader that we're looking 00:16:05:26 00:16:07:15 Cheryl Dorsey: for over the duration 00:16:07:16 00:16:08:21 Cheryl Dorsey: of her career is 00:16:08:22 00:16:10:00 Cheryl Dorsey: going to transform a 00:16:10:01 00:16:11:10 Cheryl Dorsey: variety of systems, 00:16:11:11 00:16:12:11 Cheryl Dorsey: movements and 00:16:12:12 00:16:13:12 Cheryl Dorsey: inflexion points 00:16:14:00 00:16:14:23 Cheryl Dorsey: across the social 00:16:14:24 00:16:16:04 Cheryl Dorsey: change landscape. 00:16:16:05 00:16:17:08 Cheryl Dorsey: So we're with her for 00:16:17:09 00:16:18:05 Cheryl Dorsey: the long haul. 00:16:18:06 00:16:19:09 Cheryl Dorsey: But at Echoing Green, 00:16:19:12 00:16:20:15 Cheryl Dorsey: we often talk about a 00:16:20:16 00:16:22:16 Cheryl Dorsey: SEQ, which 00:16:22:17 00:16:24:08 Cheryl Dorsey: along with sort of IQ 00:16:24:09 00:16:26:13 Cheryl Dorsey: and EQ, are a variety 00:16:26:14 00:16:27:08 Cheryl Dorsey: of qualities and 00:16:27:09 00:16:28:11 Cheryl Dorsey: characteristics that 00:16:28:12 00:16:29:11 Cheryl Dorsey: we think are very 00:16:29:12 00:16:30:15 Cheryl Dorsey: closely aligned with 00:16:30:16 00:16:32:01 Cheryl Dorsey: success as a social 00:16:32:12 00:16:33:09 Cheryl Dorsey: innovator. 00:16:33:10 00:16:34:09 Cheryl Dorsey: And that's a range of 00:16:34:10 00:16:35:20 Cheryl Dorsey: qualities from 00:16:36:22 00:16:38:05 Cheryl Dorsey: a deep level of 00:16:38:06 00:16:39:23 Cheryl Dorsey: authenticity and 00:16:39:24 00:16:41:04 Cheryl Dorsey: connexion to community. 00:16:41:19 00:16:42:13 Cheryl Dorsey: You can always tell 00:16:42:14 00:16:43:13 Cheryl Dorsey: with a social 00:16:43:17 00:16:45:01 Cheryl Dorsey: entrepreneur it's 00:16:45:02 00:16:46:11 Cheryl Dorsey: never them. 00:16:46:12 00:16:47:16 Cheryl Dorsey: It's always we. 00:16:47:18 00:16:49:02 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. There's always 00:16:49:03 00:16:50:11 Cheryl Dorsey: a deep commitment and 00:16:50:12 00:16:51:09 Cheryl Dorsey: putting community 00:16:51:10 00:16:52:14 Cheryl Dorsey: first and you can see 00:16:52:15 00:16:53:16 Cheryl Dorsey: it and feel it and is 00:16:53:17 00:16:55:12 Cheryl Dorsey: so essential to 00:16:55:13 00:16:57:13 Cheryl Dorsey: the leadership of 00:16:57:14 00:16:58:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the social innovation. 00:16:58:21 00:16:59:24 Cheryl Dorsey: We also talk about a 00:17:00:00 00:17:00:24 Cheryl Dorsey: wonderful quality 00:17:01:00 00:17:01:20 Cheryl Dorsey: that we see time and 00:17:01:21 00:17:02:24 Cheryl Dorsey: time again called 00:17:03:00 00:17:04:14 Cheryl Dorsey: resource magnetism. 00:17:04:20 00:17:06:00 Cheryl Dorsey: We are looking for 00:17:06:11 00:17:07:10 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators, 00:17:07:11 00:17:08:07 Cheryl Dorsey: these transformational 00:17:08:08 00:17:09:15 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders who are phenomenally 00:17:09:16 00:17:10:13 Cheryl Dorsey: sticky. 00:17:10:14 00:17:11:13 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. They have an 00:17:11:14 00:17:12:20 Cheryl Dorsey: uncanny ability to 00:17:12:21 00:17:14:11 Cheryl Dorsey: mobilise not just 00:17:14:12 00:17:15:18 Cheryl Dorsey: financial resources, 00:17:15:21 00:17:16:19 Cheryl Dorsey: but also human 00:17:16:20 00:17:18:03 Cheryl Dorsey: capital. They mobilise 00:17:18:04 00:17:19:07 Cheryl Dorsey: others to their cause. 00:17:19:12 00:17:20:06 Cheryl Dorsey: They mobilise 00:17:20:07 00:17:21:13 Cheryl Dorsey: attention. They mobilise 00:17:21:14 00:17:23:10 Cheryl Dorsey: excitement and build 00:17:23:11 00:17:24:08 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of a collective 00:17:24:09 00:17:25:11 Cheryl Dorsey: experience around 00:17:25:12 00:17:26:11 Cheryl Dorsey: what they're trying to do. 00:17:26:17 00:17:28:01 Cheryl Dorsey: And one of the other qualities 00:17:28:02 00:17:29:23 Cheryl Dorsey: is what we talk about 00:17:30:02 00:17:32:01 Cheryl Dorsey: as blessed naiveté. 00:17:32:02 00:17:33:02 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. I think it's a 00:17:33:03 00:17:34:07 Cheryl Dorsey: kinder way of saying 00:17:34:08 00:17:35:04 Cheryl Dorsey: you got to be a little bit 00:17:35:05 00:17:36:08 Cheryl Dorsey: crazy to do this work 00:17:36:09 00:17:38:01 Cheryl Dorsey: sometimes, especially 00:17:38:02 00:17:39:12 Cheryl Dorsey: in the early phases 00:17:39:13 00:17:40:12 Cheryl Dorsey: of doing the work. 00:17:40:18 00:17:41:22 Cheryl Dorsey: We see so many next 00:17:41:23 00:17:43:06 Cheryl Dorsey: gen folks whose 00:17:43:07 00:17:44:13 Cheryl Dorsey: parents whose friends 00:17:44:14 00:17:45:16 Cheryl Dorsey: tell them you're crazy. 00:17:45:17 00:17:46:17 Cheryl Dorsey: Why in the world are you doing 00:17:46:18 00:17:47:14 Cheryl Dorsey: this? Why are you getting 00:17:47:15 00:17:48:18 Cheryl Dorsey: off the tried and 00:17:48:19 00:17:49:20 Cheryl Dorsey: true pathway to do 00:17:49:21 00:17:50:16 Cheryl Dorsey: this thing? 00:17:50:17 00:17:51:15 Cheryl Dorsey: Why are you doing 00:17:51:16 00:17:52:20 Cheryl Dorsey: something so untested? 00:17:52:24 00:17:54:17 Cheryl Dorsey: The status quo often 00:17:55:05 00:17:56:07 Cheryl Dorsey: is quite cruel and 00:17:56:08 00:17:57:18 Cheryl Dorsey: questioning the intentions 00:17:57:19 00:17:58:13 Cheryl Dorsey: and the visions of 00:17:58:14 00:17:59:13 Cheryl Dorsey: these transformational 00:17:59:14 00:18:00:18 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders, always 00:18:00:19 00:18:01:23 Cheryl Dorsey: signalling and having 00:18:01:24 00:18:02:22 Cheryl Dorsey: a really powerful 00:18:02:23 00:18:04:12 Cheryl Dorsey: narrative of we've 00:18:04:15 00:18:05:16 Cheryl Dorsey: always done it this 00:18:05:17 00:18:06:19 Cheryl Dorsey: way, why in the world 00:18:06:20 00:18:07:14 Cheryl Dorsey: would you do it that 00:18:07:15 00:18:08:15 Cheryl Dorsey: way? And there's this 00:18:08:16 00:18:09:21 Cheryl Dorsey: protective coating 00:18:09:22 00:18:10:17 Cheryl Dorsey: again, this blessed 00:18:10:18 00:18:12:07 Cheryl Dorsey: naiveté that they 00:18:12:08 00:18:13:07 Cheryl Dorsey: have a deep belief 00:18:13:08 00:18:14:04 Cheryl Dorsey: that the tomorrow 00:18:14:05 00:18:15:10 Cheryl Dorsey: that they see today 00:18:15:16 00:18:16:14 Cheryl Dorsey: is directionally 00:18:16:15 00:18:17:18 Cheryl Dorsey: where we need to go 00:18:17:22 00:18:18:24 Cheryl Dorsey: and they cannot be 00:18:19:00 00:18:20:05 Cheryl Dorsey: buffeted off their 00:18:20:06 00:18:21:21 Cheryl Dorsey: pathway by all the 00:18:21:25 00:18:23:04 Cheryl Dorsey: forces around them 00:18:23:05 00:18:23:25 Cheryl Dorsey: that are telling them 00:18:23:26 00:18:24:19 Cheryl Dorsey: otherwise. 00:18:24:20 00:18:25:19 Cheryl Dorsey: And it's this beautiful 00:18:25:20 00:18:26:17 Cheryl Dorsey: constellation of 00:18:26:18 00:18:28:01 Cheryl Dorsey: characteristics that 00:18:28:02 00:18:29:01 Cheryl Dorsey: when you titrate it 00:18:29:02 00:18:30:13 Cheryl Dorsey: up, leads to a 00:18:30:14 00:18:31:18 Cheryl Dorsey: profound leadership 00:18:31:19 00:18:32:18 Cheryl Dorsey: trajectory. 00:18:33:01 00:18:34:00 Peter Drobac: I'm going to pick your brain 00:18:34:01 00:18:34:24 Peter Drobac: on that. 00:18:35:00 00:18:35:25 Peter Drobac: We for the many years 00:18:35:26 00:18:36:21 Peter Drobac: that I lived in Rwanda, 00:18:36:22 00:18:38:02 Peter Drobac: I was with Dr. Paul 00:18:38:03 00:18:39:08 Peter Drobac: Farmer, mutual friend 00:18:39:09 00:18:40:18 Peter Drobac: of ours and his family 00:18:40:19 00:18:41:16 Peter Drobac: and his daughter, Catherine, 00:18:41:17 00:18:42:11 Peter Drobac: who's now all grown up 00:18:42:12 00:18:43:10 Peter Drobac: when she was younger, used 00:18:43:11 00:18:45:15 Peter Drobac: to make fun of us for 00:18:45:16 00:18:46:12 Peter Drobac: working all the time, 00:18:46:13 00:18:47:07 Peter Drobac: basically. And she used 00:18:47:08 00:18:49:04 Peter Drobac: to call us in French 00:18:50:10 00:18:51:11 Peter Drobac: "fou a la bonne sense" crazy 00:18:51:12 00:18:52:11 Peter Drobac: in a good way. 00:18:52:15 00:18:53:10 Peter Drobac: And I think that's part 00:18:53:11 00:18:54:08 Peter Drobac: of part of what you're getting 00:18:54:09 00:18:55:03 Peter Drobac: at. You need that little 00:18:55:04 00:18:55:24 Peter Drobac: bit. Right. And that's 00:18:56:00 00:18:57:21 Peter Drobac: often driven by a deep 00:18:57:22 00:18:59:01 Peter Drobac: sense of moral 00:18:59:02 00:19:00:02 Peter Drobac: outrage. 00:19:00:04 00:19:01:08 Peter Drobac: I've got a very practical 00:19:01:09 00:19:02:04 Peter Drobac: question here from 00:19:02:05 00:19:03:05 Peter Drobac: Uncas Modi. 00:19:03:13 00:19:04:09 Peter Drobac: Cheryl, how do you 00:19:04:10 00:19:05:09 Peter Drobac: become part of that community? 00:19:06:09 00:19:07:23 Cheryl Dorsey: You do it by having 00:19:07:24 00:19:09:11 Cheryl Dorsey: an idea, an early 00:19:09:12 00:19:10:25 Cheryl Dorsey: stage idea to start 00:19:10:26 00:19:12:18 Cheryl Dorsey: an organisation that 00:19:12:20 00:19:14:09 Cheryl Dorsey: is driving transformational 00:19:14:10 00:19:15:15 Cheryl Dorsey: change in your community, 00:19:15:23 00:19:16:25 Cheryl Dorsey: you go to the Echoing 00:19:16:26 00:19:17:25 Cheryl Dorsey: Green website. 00:19:18:00 00:19:19:15 Cheryl Dorsey: Our next round of 00:19:19:16 00:19:20:12 Cheryl Dorsey: applications is 00:19:20:13 00:19:21:08 Cheryl Dorsey: opening in the 00:19:21:09 00:19:22:23 Cheryl Dorsey: spring. So just check 00:19:22:24 00:19:23:23 Cheryl Dorsey: out echoinggreen.org 00:19:24:21 00:19:26:15 Cheryl Dorsey: and you upload a very 00:19:26:16 00:19:27:14 Cheryl Dorsey: quick initial 00:19:27:15 00:19:28:10 Cheryl Dorsey: submission. 00:19:28:11 00:19:29:11 Cheryl Dorsey: Tell us who you are. 00:19:29:12 00:19:30:15 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. Again, we're 00:19:30:16 00:19:32:06 Cheryl Dorsey: trying to see you. 00:19:32:16 00:19:33:20 Cheryl Dorsey: We truly want to see 00:19:33:21 00:19:34:22 Cheryl Dorsey: who you are in the 00:19:34:23 00:19:36:08 Cheryl Dorsey: deepest recesses of 00:19:36:09 00:19:37:09 Cheryl Dorsey: your heart and soul. 00:19:37:11 00:19:38:09 Cheryl Dorsey: And we want to learn 00:19:38:10 00:19:39:20 Cheryl Dorsey: about what motivates 00:19:39:21 00:19:41:01 Cheryl Dorsey: you. Why do you do 00:19:41:02 00:19:42:02 Cheryl Dorsey: what you do? 00:19:42:03 00:19:43:04 Cheryl Dorsey: So it's not much more 00:19:43:05 00:19:44:01 Cheryl Dorsey: than that in terms of 00:19:44:02 00:19:45:02 Cheryl Dorsey: the initial application 00:19:45:03 00:19:45:22 Cheryl Dorsey: process. 00:19:45:23 00:19:46:19 Cheryl Dorsey: And then once we get 00:19:46:20 00:19:47:14 Cheryl Dorsey: to know you a little 00:19:47:15 00:19:48:22 Cheryl Dorsey: bit, we'll invite a 00:19:48:23 00:19:50:00 Cheryl Dorsey: select group of folks 00:19:50:05 00:19:51:15 Cheryl Dorsey: to submit a more 00:19:51:21 00:19:53:05 Cheryl Dorsey: robust business plan. 00:19:53:09 00:19:54:21 Cheryl Dorsey: And then through a 00:19:54:22 00:19:55:19 Cheryl Dorsey: couple of month vetting 00:19:55:20 00:19:56:20 Cheryl Dorsey: process, we 00:19:56:21 00:19:57:20 Cheryl Dorsey: ultimately make our 00:19:57:21 00:19:59:12 Cheryl Dorsey: selection of the 20 00:19:59:19 00:20:01:07 Cheryl Dorsey: to 30 new enterprises 00:20:01:08 00:20:02:09 Cheryl Dorsey: that we will invest 00:20:02:10 00:20:03:16 Cheryl Dorsey: in annually. 00:20:03:17 00:20:04:13 Cheryl Dorsey: And we invite you 00:20:04:14 00:20:05:10 Cheryl Dorsey: into our community. 00:20:05:11 00:20:06:11 Cheryl Dorsey: And it's not just the community, 00:20:06:12 00:20:07:08 Cheryl Dorsey: it's a family. 00:20:07:09 00:20:09:02 Cheryl Dorsey: So please do 00:20:09:06 00:20:10:11 Cheryl Dorsey: check out our website 00:20:10:15 00:20:11:18 Cheryl Dorsey: and we encourage you 00:20:11:19 00:20:12:18 Cheryl Dorsey: to apply if you're 00:20:12:19 00:20:13:16 Cheryl Dorsey: just getting started 00:20:13:17 00:20:15:05 Cheryl Dorsey: with your idea for 00:20:15:11 00:20:16:12 Cheryl Dorsey: driving social change. 00:20:17:09 00:20:18:14 Peter Tufano: Peter and Cheryl now 00:20:18:15 00:20:19:13 Peter Tufano: move on to talk about 00:20:19:14 00:20:20:21 Peter Tufano: Cheryl's own journey 00:20:20:22 00:20:22:01 Peter Tufano: as a social entrepreneur, 00:20:22:21 00:20:23:24 Peter Tufano: They're going to turn back the clock 00:20:24:00 00:20:24:25 Peter Tufano: a few years to when 00:20:25:00 00:20:25:22 Peter Tufano: she was a medical 00:20:25:23 00:20:27:07 Peter Tufano: student in Boston and 00:20:27:08 00:20:28:01 Peter Tufano: founded a social 00:20:28:02 00:20:29:00 Peter Tufano: enterprise called the 00:20:29:01 00:20:30:01 Peter Tufano: Family Van. 00:20:30:11 00:20:31:13 Peter Tufano: How did she journey 00:20:31:14 00:20:32:16 Peter Tufano: from medicine to 00:20:32:17 00:20:33:17 Peter Tufano: social entrepreneurship? 00:20:34:11 00:20:36:02 Cheryl Dorsey: I'm so old that 00:20:36:09 00:20:37:13 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation, 00:20:37:14 00:20:38:09 Cheryl Dorsey: social entrepreneurship 00:20:38:10 00:20:39:06 Cheryl Dorsey: was not a thing, 00:20:39:07 00:20:41:07 Cheryl Dorsey: right? So in my day, 00:20:41:15 00:20:42:13 Cheryl Dorsey: those of us who were 00:20:42:14 00:20:43:13 Cheryl Dorsey: deeply committed to 00:20:43:14 00:20:44:18 Cheryl Dorsey: doing community service 00:20:44:19 00:20:46:12 Cheryl Dorsey: work or social change 00:20:46:14 00:20:47:11 Cheryl Dorsey: work or social 00:20:47:12 00:20:49:01 Cheryl Dorsey: justice work 00:20:49:13 00:20:50:10 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of fell under 00:20:50:11 00:20:51:11 Cheryl Dorsey: the moniker of 00:20:51:12 00:20:52:11 Cheryl Dorsey: service or in my 00:20:52:12 00:20:53:08 Cheryl Dorsey: case, I consider 00:20:53:09 00:20:54:07 Cheryl Dorsey: myself a social 00:20:54:08 00:20:55:03 Cheryl Dorsey: justice baby. 00:20:55:04 00:20:56:08 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. I'm an 00:20:56:09 00:20:57:11 Cheryl Dorsey: African-American 00:20:57:12 00:20:59:13 Cheryl Dorsey: woman born and raised 00:20:59:14 00:21:00:20 Cheryl Dorsey: in Baltimore, Maryland, 00:21:01:14 00:21:02:18 Cheryl Dorsey: who grew up 00:21:03:16 00:21:05:10 Cheryl Dorsey: questioning whether I 00:21:05:11 00:21:06:12 Cheryl Dorsey: mattered. Right. 00:21:06:13 00:21:07:16 Cheryl Dorsey: Again, I'm part of 00:21:07:17 00:21:08:24 Cheryl Dorsey: the great American 00:21:09:00 00:21:10:01 Cheryl Dorsey: experiment for good 00:21:10:02 00:21:12:05 Cheryl Dorsey: or for ill, and heard 00:21:12:06 00:21:13:23 Cheryl Dorsey: signals and stories 00:21:13:24 00:21:14:24 Cheryl Dorsey: and got cues and 00:21:14:25 00:21:16:16 Cheryl Dorsey: clues every day that 00:21:16:17 00:21:17:13 Cheryl Dorsey: fundamentally I 00:21:17:14 00:21:18:12 Cheryl Dorsey: didn't matter. 00:21:18:13 00:21:19:18 Cheryl Dorsey: And it was whether I 00:21:19:19 00:21:21:11 Cheryl Dorsey: was disregarded by a 00:21:21:12 00:21:22:09 Cheryl Dorsey: teacher because of 00:21:22:10 00:21:23:21 Cheryl Dorsey: the way I looked or 00:21:23:22 00:21:24:20 Cheryl Dorsey: because I read 00:21:24:21 00:21:26:21 Cheryl Dorsey: stories like the one 00:21:26:22 00:21:28:18 Cheryl Dorsey: of the great 00:21:28:19 00:21:30:02 Cheryl Dorsey: poet Phillis Wheatley 00:21:30:15 00:21:31:15 Cheryl Dorsey: for those dialling in globally, 00:21:32:07 00:21:33:07 Cheryl Dorsey: Phillis Wheatley was 00:21:33:08 00:21:34:25 Cheryl Dorsey: an enslaved woman in 00:21:35:05 00:21:36:13 Cheryl Dorsey: the 1700s who was 00:21:36:14 00:21:37:15 Cheryl Dorsey: later freed, who was 00:21:37:16 00:21:39:00 Cheryl Dorsey: the first African-American 00:21:39:01 00:21:40:03 Cheryl Dorsey: to publish a book of 00:21:40:04 00:21:41:21 Cheryl Dorsey: poetry in the United 00:21:41:22 00:21:42:21 Cheryl Dorsey: States. An 00:21:42:22 00:21:44:03 Cheryl Dorsey: extraordinary life 00:21:44:04 00:21:45:15 Cheryl Dorsey: story and journey and 00:21:45:16 00:21:46:13 Cheryl Dorsey: an extraordinary 00:21:46:14 00:21:47:14 Cheryl Dorsey: artist. 00:21:47:20 00:21:49:03 Cheryl Dorsey: But yet and still in 00:21:49:04 00:21:50:07 Cheryl Dorsey: Thomas Jefferson's 00:21:50:08 00:21:52:04 Cheryl Dorsey: book, 1785 Notes From 00:21:52:05 00:21:53:06 Cheryl Dorsey: the State of Virginia, 00:21:53:11 00:21:54:19 Cheryl Dorsey: he spent a section of 00:21:54:20 00:21:56:13 Cheryl Dorsey: that book denigrating 00:21:56:16 00:21:57:25 Cheryl Dorsey: her poetry and 00:21:58:00 00:21:59:06 Cheryl Dorsey: questioning her 00:21:59:07 00:22:00:07 Cheryl Dorsey: ability and all 00:22:00:08 00:22:01:06 Cheryl Dorsey: African Americans' 00:22:01:07 00:22:02:19 Cheryl Dorsey: ability to produce 00:22:02:20 00:22:04:12 Cheryl Dorsey: art, to be worthy of 00:22:04:16 00:22:05:14 Cheryl Dorsey: consideration and to 00:22:05:15 00:22:06:14 Cheryl Dorsey: be educated. 00:22:06:17 00:22:07:13 Cheryl Dorsey: That was such a 00:22:07:14 00:22:08:18 Cheryl Dorsey: thunderclap in my 00:22:08:19 00:22:10:10 Cheryl Dorsey: mind that here this 00:22:10:14 00:22:11:16 Cheryl Dorsey: Secretary of State, 00:22:11:17 00:22:12:18 Cheryl Dorsey: this President, this 00:22:12:19 00:22:13:13 Cheryl Dorsey: farmer, this 00:22:13:14 00:22:15:01 Cheryl Dorsey: gentleman farmer had 00:22:15:02 00:22:16:10 Cheryl Dorsey: to take time out 00:22:17:01 00:22:18:16 Cheryl Dorsey: of his of his day out 00:22:18:17 00:22:19:21 Cheryl Dorsey: of his week to 00:22:19:22 00:22:21:04 Cheryl Dorsey: denigrate and to 00:22:21:05 00:22:22:07 Cheryl Dorsey: marginalise and 00:22:22:08 00:22:24:01 Cheryl Dorsey: disappear an enslaved 00:22:24:12 00:22:25:12 Cheryl Dorsey: woman artist. 00:22:25:13 00:22:26:11 Cheryl Dorsey: And that sends such a 00:22:26:12 00:22:28:02 Cheryl Dorsey: powerful signal to me 00:22:28:08 00:22:29:12 Cheryl Dorsey: that there were structures 00:22:29:13 00:22:30:23 Cheryl Dorsey: and systems that were 00:22:30:24 00:22:32:16 Cheryl Dorsey: set up to dehumanise 00:22:32:25 00:22:33:21 Cheryl Dorsey: a group of people who 00:22:33:22 00:22:34:21 Cheryl Dorsey: look like me. 00:22:34:25 00:22:35:22 Cheryl Dorsey: And that level of 00:22:35:23 00:22:37:19 Cheryl Dorsey: inequity and marginalisation 00:22:38:08 00:22:40:09 Cheryl Dorsey: simply infuriated 00:22:40:10 00:22:42:12 Cheryl Dorsey: me and devastated me, 00:22:42:21 00:22:43:22 Cheryl Dorsey: thinking that it 00:22:43:23 00:22:44:18 Cheryl Dorsey: limited the life 00:22:44:19 00:22:45:18 Cheryl Dorsey: outcomes of so many 00:22:45:19 00:22:46:19 Cheryl Dorsey: people who look like 00:22:46:20 00:22:47:15 Cheryl Dorsey: me. 00:22:47:16 00:22:49:02 Cheryl Dorsey: That sort of marginalisation 00:22:49:03 00:22:50:11 Cheryl Dorsey: continues across the 00:22:50:12 00:22:51:11 Cheryl Dorsey: great scope of our 00:22:51:12 00:22:52:12 Cheryl Dorsey: history. 00:22:53:07 00:22:54:02 Cheryl Dorsey: You look at the civil 00:22:54:03 00:22:55:04 Cheryl Dorsey: rights movement here 00:22:55:05 00:22:56:03 Cheryl Dorsey: in the United States. 00:22:56:04 00:22:57:04 Cheryl Dorsey: Through the 1960s, 00:22:57:19 00:22:58:21 Cheryl Dorsey: there was a famous 00:22:58:22 00:22:59:19 Cheryl Dorsey: segregationist 00:22:59:20 00:23:00:23 Cheryl Dorsey: sheriff in Albany, 00:23:00:24 00:23:03:02 Cheryl Dorsey: Georgia, Sheriff 00:23:03:03 00:23:04:20 Cheryl Dorsey: Pritchett, who stood 00:23:04:21 00:23:05:21 Cheryl Dorsey: and looked at a group 00:23:05:22 00:23:06:15 Cheryl Dorsey: of civil rights 00:23:06:16 00:23:07:22 Cheryl Dorsey: activists as he was 00:23:07:23 00:23:08:24 Cheryl Dorsey: about to unleash the 00:23:09:00 00:23:10:13 Cheryl Dorsey: dogs and the cops and 00:23:10:14 00:23:11:14 Cheryl Dorsey: the water hoses on 00:23:11:15 00:23:12:24 Cheryl Dorsey: them and said, I 00:23:13:00 00:23:14:03 Cheryl Dorsey: don't mind doing it 00:23:14:04 00:23:15:06 Cheryl Dorsey: because you don't matter. 00:23:15:07 00:23:16:12 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. So this concept 00:23:16:13 00:23:18:15 Cheryl Dorsey: of mattering has led 00:23:18:24 00:23:19:25 Cheryl Dorsey: me to everything that 00:23:19:26 00:23:20:25 Cheryl Dorsey: I've done in my life. 00:23:21:09 00:23:22:19 Cheryl Dorsey: And nowhere does it 00:23:22:20 00:23:24:03 Cheryl Dorsey: show up more, when 00:23:24:04 00:23:25:05 Cheryl Dorsey: you look at the racial 00:23:25:06 00:23:26:07 Cheryl Dorsey: health disparities 00:23:26:11 00:23:27:24 Cheryl Dorsey: across this country 00:23:28:00 00:23:29:12 Cheryl Dorsey: in the mortality 00:23:29:13 00:23:30:21 Cheryl Dorsey: rates of black babies 00:23:30:22 00:23:31:21 Cheryl Dorsey: versus white babies 00:23:31:22 00:23:32:17 Cheryl Dorsey: in our country. 00:23:32:18 00:23:33:23 Cheryl Dorsey: In the late 1980s, 00:23:33:24 00:23:34:18 Cheryl Dorsey: black babies were 00:23:34:19 00:23:35:18 Cheryl Dorsey: dying at three times 00:23:35:19 00:23:36:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the rate of white 00:23:36:16 00:23:37:13 Cheryl Dorsey: babies in inner city 00:23:37:14 00:23:38:14 Cheryl Dorsey: Boston, which is 00:23:38:15 00:23:39:09 Cheryl Dorsey: horrific and 00:23:39:10 00:23:40:09 Cheryl Dorsey: inequitable enough. 00:23:40:13 00:23:41:07 Cheryl Dorsey: But the fact that it 00:23:41:08 00:23:42:10 Cheryl Dorsey: was happening a stone's 00:23:42:11 00:23:43:25 Cheryl Dorsey: throw away from the 00:23:43:26 00:23:44:19 Cheryl Dorsey: world's greatest 00:23:44:20 00:23:45:23 Cheryl Dorsey: medical facilities, 00:23:45:24 00:23:47:01 Cheryl Dorsey: halls where Peter and 00:23:47:02 00:23:48:02 Cheryl Dorsey: I have walked as 00:23:48:03 00:23:49:20 Cheryl Dorsey: physicians was just 00:23:49:21 00:23:51:07 Cheryl Dorsey: atrocious and as far 00:23:51:08 00:23:52:07 Cheryl Dorsey: as I was concerned, 00:23:52:20 00:23:53:18 Cheryl Dorsey: could not stand. 00:23:53:19 00:23:54:21 Cheryl Dorsey: So we all have moments 00:23:54:22 00:23:56:12 Cheryl Dorsey: of obligation in this 00:23:56:13 00:23:57:21 Cheryl Dorsey: world. What what is 00:23:57:22 00:23:58:23 Cheryl Dorsey: our job to do? 00:23:59:02 00:24:00:01 Cheryl Dorsey: What is our fight to 00:24:00:02 00:24:01:01 Cheryl Dorsey: fight? And that was 00:24:01:02 00:24:02:01 Cheryl Dorsey: my fight to fight. 00:24:02:06 00:24:03:22 Cheryl Dorsey: So I had the unique 00:24:03:24 00:24:05:00 Cheryl Dorsey: honour of my life. 00:24:05:03 00:24:06:14 Cheryl Dorsey: To meet my now 00:24:06:17 00:24:08:06 Cheryl Dorsey: mentor, obstetric 00:24:08:17 00:24:09:17 Cheryl Dorsey: anaesthesiologist, 00:24:09:18 00:24:10:17 Cheryl Dorsey: Dr. Nancy Oriol, 00:24:10:24 00:24:12:01 Cheryl Dorsey: former Dean of Students 00:24:12:02 00:24:13:06 Cheryl Dorsey: at Harvard Medical School, 00:24:13:10 00:24:14:22 Cheryl Dorsey: an amazing African-American 00:24:14:23 00:24:15:25 Cheryl Dorsey: woman and trailblazer. 00:24:16:04 00:24:16:23 Cheryl Dorsey: And together we 00:24:16:24 00:24:17:24 Cheryl Dorsey: started a mobile health 00:24:18:00 00:24:19:02 Cheryl Dorsey: unit called the 00:24:19:03 00:24:20:13 Cheryl Dorsey: Family Man to bridge 00:24:20:14 00:24:21:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the divide between 00:24:21:16 00:24:22:18 Cheryl Dorsey: those in community 00:24:22:21 00:24:23:22 Cheryl Dorsey: with services that 00:24:23:23 00:24:25:00 Cheryl Dorsey: exist. The surfeit of 00:24:25:01 00:24:25:25 Cheryl Dorsey: services that Peter 00:24:26:00 00:24:26:22 Cheryl Dorsey: and I know are 00:24:26:23 00:24:28:10 Cheryl Dorsey: available to folks 00:24:28:18 00:24:29:21 Cheryl Dorsey: that have the resources 00:24:29:22 00:24:30:17 Cheryl Dorsey: and access that we 00:24:30:18 00:24:31:12 Cheryl Dorsey: do. 00:24:31:13 00:24:32:13 Cheryl Dorsey: So we didn't know 00:24:32:14 00:24:33:09 Cheryl Dorsey: what we were doing, 00:24:33:10 00:24:34:17 Cheryl Dorsey: but we were a little bit crazy. 00:24:34:18 00:24:35:16 Cheryl Dorsey: We couldn't stop thinking 00:24:35:17 00:24:36:16 Cheryl Dorsey: about this idea. 00:24:36:20 00:24:38:04 Cheryl Dorsey: And Echoing Green 00:24:38:05 00:24:39:03 Cheryl Dorsey: came along at just 00:24:39:04 00:24:40:05 Cheryl Dorsey: the right time and 00:24:40:06 00:24:41:07 Cheryl Dorsey: believe certainly in 00:24:41:08 00:24:42:16 Cheryl Dorsey: me before anyone else 00:24:42:17 00:24:43:23 Cheryl Dorsey: did other than Nancy. 00:24:44:11 00:24:45:18 Cheryl Dorsey: And it changed the trajectory 00:24:45:19 00:24:46:17 Cheryl Dorsey: of my life and brought 00:24:46:18 00:24:47:17 Cheryl Dorsey: me into this work of 00:24:47:18 00:24:48:13 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation 00:24:48:14 00:24:49:13 Cheryl Dorsey: that I'm privileged enough 00:24:49:14 00:24:50:13 Cheryl Dorsey: to still be doing almost 00:24:50:14 00:24:51:14 Cheryl Dorsey: 30 years later. 00:24:52:07 00:24:53:13 Peter Drobac: It's a it's a really 00:24:53:17 00:24:55:09 Peter Drobac: potent reminder that 00:24:55:10 00:24:56:18 Peter Drobac: we don't need to go 00:24:56:19 00:24:57:15 Peter Drobac: halfway around the 00:24:57:16 00:24:58:12 Peter Drobac: world to find a 00:24:58:13 00:24:59:16 Peter Drobac: problem to solve, that 00:24:59:17 00:25:01:15 Peter Drobac: they exist all around 00:25:01:16 00:25:02:23 Peter Drobac: us in our own communities, 00:25:03:11 00:25:04:08 Peter Drobac: wherever we are. 00:25:04:09 00:25:05:04 Peter Drobac: And that's such a 00:25:05:05 00:25:06:02 Peter Drobac: poignant example of 00:25:06:03 00:25:07:02 Peter Drobac: that sort of really 00:25:07:03 00:25:07:25 Peter Drobac: medical apartheid that 00:25:08:00 00:25:08:23 Peter Drobac: exists in the shadow 00:25:08:24 00:25:10:08 Peter Drobac: of these amazing 00:25:10:09 00:25:11:18 Peter Drobac: wealthy multibillion 00:25:11:19 00:25:13:05 Peter Drobac: dollar institutions. 00:25:13:17 00:25:14:15 Peter Drobac: And so I want to build on that 00:25:14:16 00:25:15:11 Peter Drobac: and talk a little bit more 00:25:15:12 00:25:17:15 Peter Drobac: about local change and 00:25:17:16 00:25:18:12 Peter Drobac: in proximate 00:25:18:13 00:25:19:08 Peter Drobac: leadership and maybe to 00:25:19:09 00:25:20:03 Peter Drobac: kick off actually have 00:25:20:04 00:25:21:06 Peter Drobac: a great question from 00:25:21:17 00:25:23:09 Peter Drobac: Engvall, who works in 00:25:23:10 00:25:24:24 Peter Drobac: rural Haiti, and she 00:25:24:25 00:25:26:05 Peter Drobac: says that she's found 00:25:26:06 00:25:27:06 Peter Drobac: that women, especially 00:25:27:07 00:25:28:08 Peter Drobac: young women, have great 00:25:28:09 00:25:29:06 Peter Drobac: ideas for social 00:25:29:07 00:25:30:05 Peter Drobac: innovations and community 00:25:30:06 00:25:31:12 Peter Drobac: development, but very 00:25:31:13 00:25:33:14 Peter Drobac: often lack the self-confidence 00:25:33:19 00:25:34:22 Peter Drobac: to bring those ideas 00:25:34:23 00:25:36:03 Peter Drobac: to life. What's your 00:25:36:04 00:25:37:04 Peter Drobac: advice on this? 00:25:37:22 00:25:38:18 Cheryl Dorsey: I think that is a 00:25:38:19 00:25:40:08 Cheryl Dorsey: wonderful point and 00:25:40:09 00:25:41:06 Cheryl Dorsey: thank you for sharing 00:25:41:07 00:25:42:06 Cheryl Dorsey: it. And I certainly 00:25:42:14 00:25:44:08 Cheryl Dorsey: have felt that, you 00:25:44:09 00:25:45:06 Cheryl Dorsey: know, less so now. 00:25:45:07 00:25:46:04 Cheryl Dorsey: I mean, there's not much 00:25:46:05 00:25:47:03 Cheryl Dorsey: I like about getting 00:25:47:04 00:25:48:01 Cheryl Dorsey: older. I've got a sore 00:25:48:02 00:25:48:24 Cheryl Dorsey: back this morning, but 00:25:49:00 00:25:50:09 Cheryl Dorsey: I will say sort of 00:25:50:19 00:25:52:20 Cheryl Dorsey: the the wisdom and 00:25:52:22 00:25:53:25 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of the shedding 00:25:53:26 00:25:55:06 Cheryl Dorsey: of what others will 00:25:55:07 00:25:56:18 Cheryl Dorsey: think of you sort of 00:25:56:19 00:25:57:21 Cheryl Dorsey: fades away the older 00:25:57:22 00:25:58:16 Cheryl Dorsey: you get. But I will 00:25:58:17 00:25:59:15 Cheryl Dorsey: say this is a very 00:25:59:16 00:26:00:15 Cheryl Dorsey: intersectional 00:26:00:18 00:26:01:15 Cheryl Dorsey: conversation. 00:26:01:16 00:26:02:10 Cheryl Dorsey: There's so many of 00:26:02:11 00:26:03:15 Cheryl Dorsey: us, because of our 00:26:03:16 00:26:04:20 Cheryl Dorsey: race or gender, our 00:26:04:21 00:26:05:22 Cheryl Dorsey: class, our sexual 00:26:05:23 00:26:07:13 Cheryl Dorsey: orientation, sort of 00:26:07:14 00:26:08:23 Cheryl Dorsey: where we fit in our 00:26:09:08 00:26:10:11 Cheryl Dorsey: societal caste 00:26:10:12 00:26:11:25 Cheryl Dorsey: systems that really 00:26:11:26 00:26:13:07 Cheryl Dorsey: silence our voice. 00:26:13:19 00:26:14:19 Cheryl Dorsey: And I do see it as 00:26:14:20 00:26:16:04 Cheryl Dorsey: certainly with women 00:26:16:05 00:26:17:08 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders and aspiring 00:26:17:09 00:26:18:04 Cheryl Dorsey: women leaders. 00:26:18:05 00:26:18:24 Cheryl Dorsey: And I think there are 00:26:19:00 00:26:19:17 Cheryl Dorsey: a couple of things. 00:26:19:18 00:26:20:16 Cheryl Dorsey: One is this notion of 00:26:20:17 00:26:22:06 Cheryl Dorsey: amplification sort of 00:26:22:07 00:26:24:02 Cheryl Dorsey: making sure you find 00:26:24:08 00:26:25:10 Cheryl Dorsey: your crew. 00:26:25:17 00:26:26:14 Cheryl Dorsey: Who are those people 00:26:26:15 00:26:27:18 Cheryl Dorsey: who are going to surround 00:26:27:19 00:26:28:20 Cheryl Dorsey: you and love you up 00:26:28:23 00:26:30:06 Cheryl Dorsey: and prop you up when 00:26:30:07 00:26:31:03 Cheryl Dorsey: you don't believe in 00:26:31:04 00:26:32:01 Cheryl Dorsey: yourself as much as 00:26:32:02 00:26:33:08 Cheryl Dorsey: others. For me, that 00:26:33:09 00:26:34:15 Cheryl Dorsey: was my mentor, Nancy 00:26:34:16 00:26:36:01 Cheryl Dorsey: Oriol. That for me 00:26:36:02 00:26:36:24 Cheryl Dorsey: was the Echoing Green 00:26:37:00 00:26:38:01 Cheryl Dorsey: community who wrapped 00:26:38:02 00:26:39:04 Cheryl Dorsey: their arms around me 00:26:39:07 00:26:40:12 Cheryl Dorsey: and pushed me forward 00:26:40:13 00:26:41:08 Cheryl Dorsey: when I didn't have the 00:26:41:09 00:26:42:07 Cheryl Dorsey: confidence to do it 00:26:42:08 00:26:43:04 Cheryl Dorsey: myself. 00:26:43:05 00:26:44:04 Cheryl Dorsey: I think there's also 00:26:44:05 00:26:44:25 Cheryl Dorsey: this concept of 00:26:44:26 00:26:46:05 Cheryl Dorsey: networks. How do we 00:26:46:06 00:26:47:17 Cheryl Dorsey: start to build and 00:26:47:18 00:26:49:05 Cheryl Dorsey: tend local 00:26:49:06 00:26:50:04 Cheryl Dorsey: ecosystems, 00:26:50:05 00:26:51:04 Cheryl Dorsey: ecosystems of 00:26:51:05 00:26:52:00 Cheryl Dorsey: excellence and 00:26:52:01 00:26:52:23 Cheryl Dorsey: support? 00:26:52:24 00:26:54:08 Cheryl Dorsey: That is the rising 00:26:54:09 00:26:55:19 Cheryl Dorsey: tide that lifts all 00:26:55:20 00:26:57:01 Cheryl Dorsey: boats. I think that's 00:26:57:02 00:26:58:02 Cheryl Dorsey: incredibly important. 00:26:58:08 00:26:59:10 Cheryl Dorsey: I also think there's 00:26:59:11 00:27:00:21 Cheryl Dorsey: some narrative 00:27:01:12 00:27:02:13 Cheryl Dorsey: change work that has 00:27:02:14 00:27:03:11 Cheryl Dorsey: to happen. And I've 00:27:03:12 00:27:04:20 Cheryl Dorsey: certainly seen it in 00:27:04:21 00:27:06:03 Cheryl Dorsey: the social innovation 00:27:06:04 00:27:07:12 Cheryl Dorsey: field because it 00:27:07:20 00:27:09:10 Cheryl Dorsey: pulls and draws so 00:27:09:11 00:27:10:12 Cheryl Dorsey: much from an 00:27:10:13 00:27:11:10 Cheryl Dorsey: entrepreneurial 00:27:11:11 00:27:12:09 Cheryl Dorsey: frame, which is so 00:27:12:10 00:27:13:17 Cheryl Dorsey: exciting and dynamic 00:27:13:18 00:27:14:16 Cheryl Dorsey: and propulsive. 00:27:14:17 00:27:15:23 Cheryl Dorsey: It also is gendered, 00:27:15:24 00:27:17:06 Cheryl Dorsey: right? There are some 00:27:17:15 00:27:19:02 Cheryl Dorsey: masculine elements 00:27:19:03 00:27:20:13 Cheryl Dorsey: around entrepreneurship, 00:27:20:23 00:27:22:15 Cheryl Dorsey: disruption, sort of 00:27:22:18 00:27:23:16 Cheryl Dorsey: hypergrowth, 00:27:23:17 00:27:25:08 Cheryl Dorsey: hyperspeed that in 00:27:25:09 00:27:26:18 Cheryl Dorsey: some ways has marginalised 00:27:26:19 00:27:28:08 Cheryl Dorsey: the feminine voice to 00:27:28:09 00:27:29:05 Cheryl Dorsey: the detriment of 00:27:29:06 00:27:30:03 Cheryl Dorsey: bringing more women 00:27:30:04 00:27:31:00 Cheryl Dorsey: into the field. 00:27:31:01 00:27:31:20 Cheryl Dorsey: So it's certainly 00:27:31:21 00:27:33:00 Cheryl Dorsey: work that Echoing 00:27:33:01 00:27:34:02 Cheryl Dorsey: Green has tried to 00:27:34:03 00:27:35:01 Cheryl Dorsey: do, which is pretty 00:27:35:02 00:27:35:21 Cheryl Dorsey: good around gender 00:27:35:22 00:27:37:08 Cheryl Dorsey: parity of making sure 00:27:37:09 00:27:38:08 Cheryl Dorsey: we're welcoming in 00:27:38:18 00:27:39:23 Cheryl Dorsey: young next gen women 00:27:39:24 00:27:40:21 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders like you. 00:27:40:22 00:27:42:01 Cheryl Dorsey: But it is a process. 00:27:42:02 00:27:43:04 Cheryl Dorsey: It is a journey. 00:27:43:05 00:27:44:07 Cheryl Dorsey: And recognising how 00:27:44:08 00:27:45:10 Cheryl Dorsey: do you build the community 00:27:45:11 00:27:47:02 Cheryl Dorsey: around you to ensure 00:27:47:03 00:27:48:03 Cheryl Dorsey: that you had the 00:27:48:04 00:27:49:09 Cheryl Dorsey: kinds of fellow travellers 00:27:49:10 00:27:50:17 Cheryl Dorsey: you need to achieve 00:27:50:18 00:27:51:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the impact you seek 00:27:51:16 00:27:52:15 Cheryl Dorsey: in the world. 00:27:52:20 00:27:53:18 Peter Drobac: Terrific advice. 00:27:53:19 00:27:54:23 Peter Drobac: And I think is, as 00:27:54:24 00:27:55:23 Peter Drobac: you've seen, Cheryl, 00:27:55:24 00:27:57:06 Peter Drobac: from your community of 00:27:57:07 00:27:58:04 Peter Drobac: fellows around the world, 00:27:58:05 00:27:59:10 Peter Drobac: as I've seen from from 00:27:59:11 00:28:00:14 Peter Drobac: my work, you know, 00:28:00:16 00:28:01:13 Peter Drobac: talent exists 00:28:01:14 00:28:02:10 Peter Drobac: everywhere around the world. 00:28:02:11 00:28:03:05 Peter Drobac: The next great ideas 00:28:03:06 00:28:04:01 Peter Drobac: can come from everywhere. 00:28:04:02 00:28:05:10 Peter Drobac: But the problem is that opportunity 00:28:05:14 00:28:06:18 Peter Drobac: is not equally 00:28:06:19 00:28:07:17 Peter Drobac: distributed. 00:28:07:18 00:28:09:09 Peter Drobac: And this is the, you 00:28:09:17 00:28:10:17 Peter Drobac: know, the responsibility 00:28:10:18 00:28:11:18 Peter Drobac: of all of us to to 00:28:11:19 00:28:12:18 Peter Drobac: address. 00:28:13:08 00:28:14:08 Peter Drobac: In our sector, Cheryl, 00:28:14:14 00:28:15:12 Peter Drobac: in the social sector, 00:28:15:13 00:28:16:14 Peter Drobac: there's sometimes this 00:28:16:15 00:28:18:06 Peter Drobac: kind of obsession with 00:28:18:07 00:28:19:07 Peter Drobac: scale, I'd say 00:28:19:08 00:28:20:06 Peter Drobac: sometimes unhealthy 00:28:20:07 00:28:21:06 Peter Drobac: obsession with scale. 00:28:21:07 00:28:22:09 Peter Drobac: Yes, these are big 00:28:22:10 00:28:23:04 Peter Drobac: problems that we're 00:28:23:05 00:28:24:11 Peter Drobac: trying to solve, and 00:28:24:12 00:28:25:17 Peter Drobac: that requires sometimes 00:28:25:18 00:28:26:23 Peter Drobac: big, bold solutions. 00:28:27:09 00:28:28:05 Peter Drobac: And we sometimes look for 00:28:28:06 00:28:29:02 Peter Drobac: quick fixes that we 00:28:29:03 00:28:29:23 Peter Drobac: can just do 00:28:29:24 00:28:30:23 Peter Drobac: everywhere. 00:28:31:05 00:28:32:02 Peter Drobac: And I find that that's 00:28:32:03 00:28:33:11 Peter Drobac: often a real mistake 00:28:33:12 00:28:34:17 Peter Drobac: because you strip away 00:28:34:18 00:28:35:24 Peter Drobac: all the the important 00:28:36:00 00:28:36:22 Peter Drobac: context and actually 00:28:36:23 00:28:37:22 Peter Drobac: make stuff work. 00:28:37:24 00:28:38:24 Peter Drobac: You've been a really 00:28:39:02 00:28:40:17 Peter Drobac: vocal proponent that 00:28:40:18 00:28:42:02 Peter Drobac: real change is local 00:28:42:03 00:28:43:00 Peter Drobac: and again, you've 00:28:43:01 00:28:44:02 Peter Drobac: termed proximate 00:28:44:03 00:28:45:03 Peter Drobac: leadership. Can you 00:28:45:04 00:28:45:25 Peter Drobac: talk a little bit more about 00:28:45:26 00:28:46:16 Peter Drobac: that? 00:28:46:17 00:28:47:13 Cheryl Dorsey: Absolutely. 00:28:47:14 00:28:48:16 Cheryl Dorsey: And I think sort of 00:28:49:09 00:28:51:03 Cheryl Dorsey: there has been some 00:28:51:04 00:28:51:22 Cheryl Dorsey: work to sort of 00:28:51:23 00:28:53:11 Cheryl Dorsey: interrogate this 00:28:53:22 00:28:55:13 Cheryl Dorsey: issue around scale. 00:28:55:16 00:28:56:11 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. I think we've 00:28:56:12 00:28:57:23 Cheryl Dorsey: weaponized that term 00:28:58:05 00:28:59:07 Cheryl Dorsey: to lock out 00:28:59:08 00:29:00:09 Cheryl Dorsey: particular leaders 00:29:00:10 00:29:01:04 Cheryl Dorsey: that don't have 00:29:01:05 00:29:02:12 Cheryl Dorsey: access to the resources 00:29:02:13 00:29:03:21 Cheryl Dorsey: that would ever get 00:29:03:22 00:29:04:22 Cheryl Dorsey: you to the point where 00:29:04:23 00:29:06:02 Cheryl Dorsey: you're able to scale 00:29:06:06 00:29:07:04 Cheryl Dorsey: your enterprise, I 00:29:07:05 00:29:08:24 Cheryl Dorsey: think it's also a one 00:29:09:00 00:29:10:03 Cheryl Dorsey: dimensional conversation 00:29:10:04 00:29:11:06 Cheryl Dorsey: because there are different types 00:29:11:07 00:29:12:02 Cheryl Dorsey: of scale, right, 00:29:12:03 00:29:13:01 Cheryl Dorsey: Peter? You can scale 00:29:13:02 00:29:13:23 Cheryl Dorsey: up, you can scale 00:29:13:24 00:29:15:03 Cheryl Dorsey: down, you can scale 00:29:15:04 00:29:16:10 Cheryl Dorsey: out. They're all 00:29:16:11 00:29:18:06 Cheryl Dorsey: valuable and viable 00:29:18:07 00:29:19:19 Cheryl Dorsey: forms of scale, but 00:29:19:20 00:29:21:13 Cheryl Dorsey: far too often in sort 00:29:21:16 00:29:22:16 Cheryl Dorsey: of the poly-archical world 00:29:23:11 00:29:25:04 Cheryl Dorsey: of the social sector 00:29:25:09 00:29:27:09 Cheryl Dorsey: where donors really 00:29:27:10 00:29:28:06 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of step and 00:29:28:07 00:29:29:06 Cheryl Dorsey: drive the debate, 00:29:29:11 00:29:30:16 Cheryl Dorsey: they set the frame 00:29:30:17 00:29:32:01 Cheryl Dorsey: around what scale can 00:29:32:02 00:29:33:08 Cheryl Dorsey: and should be in part 00:29:33:09 00:29:34:15 Cheryl Dorsey: because mechanistically 00:29:34:16 00:29:35:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the way they move and 00:29:35:16 00:29:37:01 Cheryl Dorsey: drive funds, it's 00:29:37:02 00:29:37:23 Cheryl Dorsey: easy for them to 00:29:37:24 00:29:39:00 Cheryl Dorsey: think about scaling 00:29:39:01 00:29:40:10 Cheryl Dorsey: through a particular organisation. 00:29:40:15 00:29:41:12 Cheryl Dorsey: But I think most of 00:29:41:13 00:29:43:01 Cheryl Dorsey: us who live and work 00:29:43:02 00:29:44:00 Cheryl Dorsey: in communities know 00:29:44:01 00:29:45:10 Cheryl Dorsey: it's much more complicated 00:29:45:11 00:29:46:19 Cheryl Dorsey: than that. It's more relational 00:29:46:20 00:29:48:02 Cheryl Dorsey: than that. It's sort 00:29:48:03 00:29:49:19 Cheryl Dorsey: of tending to the 00:29:49:20 00:29:51:07 Cheryl Dorsey: local ties, building 00:29:51:08 00:29:52:16 Cheryl Dorsey: social capital over 00:29:52:17 00:29:54:06 Cheryl Dorsey: time, recognising 00:29:54:08 00:29:55:14 Cheryl Dorsey: that one intervention 00:29:55:19 00:29:56:17 Cheryl Dorsey: might work in one 00:29:56:18 00:29:57:23 Cheryl Dorsey: community, might not 00:29:57:24 00:29:59:02 Cheryl Dorsey: work for another community. 00:29:59:08 00:30:00:14 Cheryl Dorsey: And I think there's something 00:30:00:15 00:30:01:14 Cheryl Dorsey: going back to 00:30:01:23 00:30:03:10 Cheryl Dorsey: centring the role of 00:30:03:11 00:30:04:17 Cheryl Dorsey: power. Who has it? 00:30:04:18 00:30:05:12 Cheryl Dorsey: Who doesn't? How do 00:30:05:13 00:30:06:07 Cheryl Dorsey: you share it? How do 00:30:06:08 00:30:07:05 Cheryl Dorsey: you seat it? 00:30:07:06 00:30:08:10 Cheryl Dorsey: That it's interesting 00:30:08:11 00:30:09:06 Cheryl Dorsey: to see that we've got 00:30:09:07 00:30:10:04 Cheryl Dorsey: this moment where 00:30:10:05 00:30:11:00 Cheryl Dorsey: conversation has 00:30:11:01 00:30:11:23 Cheryl Dorsey: broken through, 00:30:11:24 00:30:14:01 Cheryl Dorsey: allowing the value, 00:30:14:02 00:30:15:18 Cheryl Dorsey: the inherent value of 00:30:15:19 00:30:16:25 Cheryl Dorsey: proximity, of lived 00:30:16:26 00:30:18:18 Cheryl Dorsey: experience to be 00:30:18:23 00:30:19:19 Cheryl Dorsey: valued in this 00:30:19:20 00:30:20:19 Cheryl Dorsey: conversation. 00:30:21:03 00:30:21:22 Cheryl Dorsey: I think that is 00:30:21:23 00:30:23:06 Cheryl Dorsey: fairly new for all of 00:30:23:07 00:30:24:11 Cheryl Dorsey: us who work in the leadership 00:30:24:12 00:30:25:18 Cheryl Dorsey: development space. 00:30:25:19 00:30:27:04 Cheryl Dorsey: We're all sort of 00:30:27:05 00:30:28:16 Cheryl Dorsey: pushing this conversation 00:30:28:17 00:30:30:06 Cheryl Dorsey: around decolonising 00:30:30:07 00:30:31:08 Cheryl Dorsey: leadership development. 00:30:31:13 00:30:32:23 Cheryl Dorsey: And part of that is 00:30:32:24 00:30:34:07 Cheryl Dorsey: making room and space 00:30:34:10 00:30:35:14 Cheryl Dorsey: for the power of 00:30:35:15 00:30:36:19 Cheryl Dorsey: local embedded 00:30:36:20 00:30:38:06 Cheryl Dorsey: leadership as being 00:30:38:07 00:30:39:01 Cheryl Dorsey: the driver for 00:30:39:02 00:30:40:09 Cheryl Dorsey: solutions that work 00:30:40:12 00:30:42:01 Cheryl Dorsey: in space and time for 00:30:42:02 00:30:43:07 Cheryl Dorsey: that community, and 00:30:43:08 00:30:44:07 Cheryl Dorsey: then engages 00:30:44:13 00:30:46:02 Cheryl Dorsey: community members as 00:30:46:03 00:30:47:00 Cheryl Dorsey: the most valuable 00:30:47:01 00:30:48:05 Cheryl Dorsey: asset of that community. 00:30:48:06 00:30:49:17 Cheryl Dorsey: So much more work to 00:30:49:18 00:30:50:22 Cheryl Dorsey: come. I often talk 00:30:50:23 00:30:52:14 Cheryl Dorsey: about the access of 00:30:52:15 00:30:53:25 Cheryl Dorsey: access, right. 00:30:54:00 00:30:54:20 Cheryl Dorsey: So I think we're 00:30:54:21 00:30:56:03 Cheryl Dorsey: moving in the right direction 00:30:56:04 00:30:56:22 Cheryl Dorsey: of raising 00:30:56:23 00:30:57:17 Cheryl Dorsey: approximate 00:30:57:18 00:30:58:13 Cheryl Dorsey: leadership. 00:30:58:14 00:30:59:15 Cheryl Dorsey: But there are a whole 00:30:59:16 00:31:00:17 Cheryl Dorsey: suite of interventions 00:31:00:18 00:31:01:12 Cheryl Dorsey: that now have to 00:31:01:13 00:31:02:13 Cheryl Dorsey: follow behind that. 00:31:02:19 00:31:04:01 Cheryl Dorsey: We know through some 00:31:04:02 00:31:05:02 Cheryl Dorsey: work that Echoing Green 00:31:05:03 00:31:06:21 Cheryl Dorsey: has done on the depth 00:31:06:22 00:31:08:06 Cheryl Dorsey: of racial inequities 00:31:08:07 00:31:09:08 Cheryl Dorsey: in philanthropic funding 00:31:09:09 00:31:10:09 Cheryl Dorsey: that also apply to 00:31:10:10 00:31:11:05 Cheryl Dorsey: women, social 00:31:11:06 00:31:12:16 Cheryl Dorsey: entrepreneurs, to 00:31:12:17 00:31:13:25 Cheryl Dorsey: folks of lower 00:31:13:26 00:31:15:10 Cheryl Dorsey: socioeconomic status. 00:31:15:13 00:31:16:11 Cheryl Dorsey: We are locked out of 00:31:16:12 00:31:17:12 Cheryl Dorsey: capital flows that 00:31:17:13 00:31:19:07 Cheryl Dorsey: allow us to begin to 00:31:19:12 00:31:20:23 Cheryl Dorsey: build and scale 00:31:20:24 00:31:21:23 Cheryl Dorsey: either up, deep or 00:31:21:24 00:31:23:06 Cheryl Dorsey: out our interventions. 00:31:23:19 00:31:24:17 Cheryl Dorsey: But there also is a 00:31:24:18 00:31:25:25 Cheryl Dorsey: question around control 00:31:26:07 00:31:27:21 Cheryl Dorsey: that relates to who's 00:31:27:22 00:31:28:21 Cheryl Dorsey: got power, who 00:31:29:04 00:31:30:02 Cheryl Dorsey: doesn't. How do we begin 00:31:30:03 00:31:31:15 Cheryl Dorsey: to talk to those in 00:31:31:16 00:31:32:15 Cheryl Dorsey: our ecosystem about 00:31:32:16 00:31:33:23 Cheryl Dorsey: sharing it? I think 00:31:33:24 00:31:35:09 Cheryl Dorsey: it is the right conversation, 00:31:35:10 00:31:36:20 Cheryl Dorsey: Peter, to have, but I 00:31:36:21 00:31:37:21 Cheryl Dorsey: think it's going to play 00:31:37:22 00:31:38:23 Cheryl Dorsey: out in very interesting 00:31:38:24 00:31:39:18 Cheryl Dorsey: ways over the next 00:31:39:19 00:31:41:03 Cheryl Dorsey: decade. But we've got 00:31:41:04 00:31:42:05 Cheryl Dorsey: to see one another 00:31:42:06 00:31:43:18 Cheryl Dorsey: and see that our value 00:31:43:23 00:31:45:07 Cheryl Dorsey: moving forward and 00:31:45:08 00:31:46:05 Cheryl Dorsey: the way out of so many 00:31:46:06 00:31:47:11 Cheryl Dorsey: of our problems is 00:31:47:12 00:31:48:20 Cheryl Dorsey: embracing the genius 00:31:48:21 00:31:50:06 Cheryl Dorsey: of our multicultural, 00:31:50:07 00:31:52:08 Cheryl Dorsey: multiracial society. 00:31:52:09 00:31:53:07 Cheryl Dorsey: And that's the work that we've 00:31:53:18 00:31:54:14 Cheryl Dorsey: got to do in the next 00:31:54:15 00:31:55:15 Cheryl Dorsey: couple of decades. 00:31:56:03 00:31:57:00 Peter Drobac: I think it's such an 00:31:57:01 00:31:58:01 Peter Drobac: important point that 00:31:58:06 00:31:59:01 Peter Drobac: there's no way to 00:31:59:02 00:32:00:19 Peter Drobac: achieve any kind of transformational, 00:32:00:20 00:32:01:23 Peter Drobac: structural, systemic, 00:32:02:02 00:32:02:23 Peter Drobac: whatever you want to call 00:32:02:24 00:32:04:03 Peter Drobac: it, change without 00:32:04:04 00:32:05:06 Peter Drobac: reconfigurations of 00:32:05:07 00:32:06:02 Peter Drobac: power and 00:32:06:03 00:32:06:25 Peter Drobac: redistributions of 00:32:07:00 00:32:07:21 Peter Drobac: power. And that's why it's 00:32:07:22 00:32:08:14 Peter Drobac: so difficult. 00:32:08:15 00:32:09:10 Peter Drobac: That's why the system 00:32:09:11 00:32:10:14 Peter Drobac: or the status quo snaps 00:32:10:15 00:32:11:21 Peter Drobac: back at you. 00:32:11:22 00:32:12:20 Peter Drobac: And I think we're seeing 00:32:12:21 00:32:14:03 Peter Drobac: that we're seeing that 00:32:14:04 00:32:15:09 Peter Drobac: a great deal this year 00:32:15:10 00:32:16:14 Peter Drobac: with the law and order 00:32:16:15 00:32:17:10 Peter Drobac: talk in the wake of the 00:32:17:11 00:32:18:05 Peter Drobac: Black Lives Matter 00:32:18:06 00:32:19:01 Peter Drobac: movement, et cetera, 00:32:19:02 00:32:20:02 Peter Drobac: et cetera. 00:32:20:11 00:32:21:11 Peter Drobac: Cheryl, one of the things you just 00:32:21:12 00:32:22:09 Peter Drobac: mentioned there was 00:32:22:10 00:32:23:08 Peter Drobac: around the kind of 00:32:23:09 00:32:25:00 Peter Drobac: structural biases in 00:32:25:16 00:32:26:19 Peter Drobac: in philanthropy and in 00:32:26:20 00:32:28:03 Peter Drobac: investing, the 00:32:28:04 00:32:29:08 Peter Drobac: limitations on access 00:32:29:09 00:32:30:19 Peter Drobac: to capital for female 00:32:30:20 00:32:31:16 Peter Drobac: entrepreneurs and to 00:32:31:17 00:32:32:11 Peter Drobac: entrepreneurs of 00:32:32:12 00:32:33:06 Peter Drobac: colour. 00:32:33:07 00:32:34:01 Peter Drobac: You've talked about 00:32:34:02 00:32:35:05 Peter Drobac: sort of hacking bias. 00:32:35:06 00:32:36:04 Peter Drobac: What are some strategies 00:32:36:05 00:32:37:04 Peter Drobac: to overcome that? 00:32:37:20 00:32:39:07 Cheryl Dorsey: It's a big, big 00:32:39:08 00:32:40:07 Cheryl Dorsey: question. And 00:32:40:23 00:32:41:23 Cheryl Dorsey: obviously the work 00:32:41:24 00:32:42:20 Cheryl Dorsey: that Echoing Green does 00:32:42:21 00:32:43:15 Cheryl Dorsey: as a non-profit 00:32:43:16 00:32:45:15 Cheryl Dorsey: organisation focuses 00:32:46:00 00:32:47:13 Cheryl Dorsey: on philanthropic 00:32:47:17 00:32:48:19 Cheryl Dorsey: funding. But these 00:32:48:20 00:32:50:21 Cheryl Dorsey: sorts of biases show 00:32:50:22 00:32:52:07 Cheryl Dorsey: up in all sorts of 00:32:52:08 00:32:53:06 Cheryl Dorsey: capital stacks. 00:32:53:07 00:32:54:08 Cheryl Dorsey: Right? We all know 00:32:54:09 00:32:55:10 Cheryl Dorsey: it. I was doing a 00:32:55:11 00:32:56:14 Cheryl Dorsey: talk the other day 00:32:57:06 00:32:58:07 Cheryl Dorsey: that was looking at 00:32:58:08 00:32:59:17 Cheryl Dorsey: the tech ecosystem, 00:32:59:18 00:33:00:16 Cheryl Dorsey: so looking at venture 00:33:00:17 00:33:02:13 Cheryl Dorsey: capital seed funding. 00:33:02:17 00:33:03:23 Cheryl Dorsey: And I shared a 00:33:03:24 00:33:04:25 Cheryl Dorsey: statistic that when 00:33:04:26 00:33:05:21 Cheryl Dorsey: you look in the United 00:33:05:22 00:33:06:22 Cheryl Dorsey: States from around 00:33:07:05 00:33:08:22 Cheryl Dorsey: 2012 to 2014, there 00:33:09:06 00:33:10:06 Cheryl Dorsey: were thousands of 00:33:10:07 00:33:11:06 Cheryl Dorsey: venture deals. 00:33:11:22 00:33:13:02 Cheryl Dorsey: Less than one percent 00:33:13:03 00:33:14:04 Cheryl Dorsey: of them went to 00:33:14:11 00:33:15:08 Cheryl Dorsey: African-American 00:33:15:09 00:33:16:06 Cheryl Dorsey: women. This was 00:33:16:07 00:33:17:09 Cheryl Dorsey: according to digital 00:33:17:10 00:33:19:03 Cheryl Dorsey: undivided and social 00:33:19:04 00:33:19:24 Cheryl Dorsey: enterprise, working with 00:33:20:00 00:33:20:24 Cheryl Dorsey: black and brown women 00:33:20:25 00:33:21:20 Cheryl Dorsey: tech founders that we 00:33:21:21 00:33:22:17 Cheryl Dorsey: invested in. 00:33:22:18 00:33:23:17 Cheryl Dorsey: So if less than one 00:33:23:18 00:33:24:15 Cheryl Dorsey: percent of the deals went 00:33:24:16 00:33:25:18 Cheryl Dorsey: to black women, when 00:33:25:19 00:33:26:12 Cheryl Dorsey: you look at sort of 00:33:26:13 00:33:27:15 Cheryl Dorsey: the average ticket size 00:33:27:16 00:33:28:16 Cheryl Dorsey: was about thirty six 00:33:28:17 00:33:29:24 Cheryl Dorsey: thousand bucks versus 00:33:29:25 00:33:31:01 Cheryl Dorsey: the average venture 00:33:31:11 00:33:32:07 Cheryl Dorsey: investment of about 00:33:32:08 00:33:33:10 Cheryl Dorsey: four and a half million. 00:33:33:15 00:33:35:05 Cheryl Dorsey: So these disparities 00:33:35:06 00:33:36:20 Cheryl Dorsey: are just staggering 00:33:37:00 00:33:37:20 Cheryl Dorsey: and stunning. 00:33:37:21 00:33:39:11 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. So there is 00:33:39:17 00:33:41:03 Cheryl Dorsey: a larger conversation 00:33:41:04 00:33:42:02 Cheryl Dorsey: for those of you who 00:33:42:03 00:33:42:23 Cheryl Dorsey: are interested in social 00:33:42:24 00:33:44:00 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation, who care deeply 00:33:44:01 00:33:45:05 Cheryl Dorsey: about impact investing, 00:33:45:06 00:33:46:08 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of using triple 00:33:46:09 00:33:47:17 Cheryl Dorsey: bottom line strategies 00:33:48:03 00:33:49:13 Cheryl Dorsey: to drive environmental 00:33:49:14 00:33:50:13 Cheryl Dorsey: and social change at 00:33:50:14 00:33:51:13 Cheryl Dorsey: scale, bringing in 00:33:51:18 00:33:52:19 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of corporate 00:33:52:20 00:33:54:05 Cheryl Dorsey: social responsibility, 00:33:54:06 00:33:55:04 Cheryl Dorsey: sustainability, all 00:33:55:05 00:33:56:07 Cheryl Dorsey: the work that we have to do 00:33:56:19 00:33:58:14 Cheryl Dorsey: to move to sort of a 00:33:58:17 00:33:59:21 Cheryl Dorsey: stakeholder capitalism 00:33:59:22 00:34:00:18 Cheryl Dorsey: model. 00:34:00:19 00:34:02:05 Cheryl Dorsey: These biases show up 00:34:02:06 00:34:03:03 Cheryl Dorsey: everywhere. 00:34:03:04 00:34:04:02 Cheryl Dorsey: So I think. 00:34:04:03 00:34:05:11 Cheryl Dorsey: There are steps, big 00:34:05:12 00:34:07:01 Cheryl Dorsey: and small, that we 00:34:07:06 00:34:08:07 Cheryl Dorsey: all have to take at 00:34:08:08 00:34:10:03 Cheryl Dorsey: an individual level. 00:34:10:09 00:34:12:04 Cheryl Dorsey: There are some interrogation 00:34:12:05 00:34:13:03 Cheryl Dorsey: and authentic 00:34:13:04 00:34:14:00 Cheryl Dorsey: learning and 00:34:14:01 00:34:14:24 Cheryl Dorsey: unlearning that we 00:34:15:00 00:34:15:23 Cheryl Dorsey: all have to do and 00:34:15:24 00:34:17:13 Cheryl Dorsey: being honest with our 00:34:17:14 00:34:18:22 Cheryl Dorsey: implicit and explicit 00:34:18:23 00:34:19:25 Cheryl Dorsey: biases, which we all 00:34:19:26 00:34:21:03 Cheryl Dorsey: have. We all have 00:34:21:04 00:34:23:04 Cheryl Dorsey: them being willing to 00:34:23:07 00:34:25:00 Cheryl Dorsey: disclose what you're 00:34:25:08 00:34:26:04 Cheryl Dorsey: doing, whether you 00:34:26:05 00:34:27:18 Cheryl Dorsey: run a company, an organisation, 00:34:27:19 00:34:29:01 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of being transparent 00:34:29:19 00:34:31:04 Cheryl Dorsey: about where you are 00:34:31:05 00:34:32:06 Cheryl Dorsey: in your journey 00:34:32:07 00:34:33:24 Cheryl Dorsey: around, DEI 00:34:34:13 00:34:35:09 Cheryl Dorsey: recognising that it is 00:34:35:10 00:34:36:10 Cheryl Dorsey: an aspiration. 00:34:36:11 00:34:37:09 Cheryl Dorsey: And the key part of 00:34:37:10 00:34:38:10 Cheryl Dorsey: all of this is that 00:34:38:11 00:34:39:13 Cheryl Dorsey: you commit to going 00:34:39:14 00:34:40:08 Cheryl Dorsey: onto the journey. 00:34:40:09 00:34:41:08 Cheryl Dorsey: I think you also 00:34:41:13 00:34:43:04 Cheryl Dorsey: fundamentally just 00:34:43:05 00:34:44:19 Cheryl Dorsey: have to take some 00:34:44:20 00:34:45:14 Cheryl Dorsey: action. So in the 00:34:45:15 00:34:46:14 Cheryl Dorsey: wake of the murder of 00:34:46:15 00:34:48:12 Cheryl Dorsey: Mr. Floyd in May 00:34:48:13 00:34:49:19 Cheryl Dorsey: in this country and 00:34:49:20 00:34:50:17 Cheryl Dorsey: the racial reckoning 00:34:50:18 00:34:51:14 Cheryl Dorsey: that happened not 00:34:51:15 00:34:52:16 Cheryl Dorsey: only in the United 00:34:52:23 00:34:53:18 Cheryl Dorsey: States, but across the 00:34:53:19 00:34:54:22 Cheryl Dorsey: world, was this 00:34:54:23 00:34:55:22 Cheryl Dorsey: notion of sometimes 00:34:55:23 00:34:56:21 Cheryl Dorsey: you just have to act 00:34:56:22 00:34:57:17 Cheryl Dorsey: and you've got to just 00:34:57:18 00:34:58:23 Cheryl Dorsey: make the road by walking. 00:34:59:04 00:34:59:23 Cheryl Dorsey: And part of that 00:34:59:24 00:35:01:10 Cheryl Dorsey: means for those who 00:35:01:11 00:35:02:12 Cheryl Dorsey: are donors and 00:35:02:13 00:35:03:08 Cheryl Dorsey: philanthropists and all 00:35:03:09 00:35:04:07 Cheryl Dorsey: of us, sometimes you 00:35:04:08 00:35:05:05 Cheryl Dorsey: just got to start writing 00:35:05:06 00:35:06:00 Cheryl Dorsey: checks. You've got to 00:35:06:01 00:35:06:23 Cheryl Dorsey: start writing checks 00:35:06:24 00:35:07:18 Cheryl Dorsey: to black and brown 00:35:07:19 00:35:09:03 Cheryl Dorsey: folks, to indigenous 00:35:09:04 00:35:10:01 Cheryl Dorsey: folks, folks who are 00:35:10:02 00:35:10:21 Cheryl Dorsey: working in rural 00:35:10:22 00:35:12:05 Cheryl Dorsey: areas, who were doing 00:35:12:06 00:35:13:23 Cheryl Dorsey: incredible work that 00:35:13:24 00:35:15:02 Cheryl Dorsey: are not proximate to 00:35:15:03 00:35:16:09 Cheryl Dorsey: you, but they're sort 00:35:16:10 00:35:17:17 Cheryl Dorsey: of a leap of 00:35:18:07 00:35:19:14 Cheryl Dorsey: faith and trust, 00:35:19:22 00:35:21:02 Cheryl Dorsey: knowing that without 00:35:21:03 00:35:22:03 Cheryl Dorsey: full information and 00:35:22:04 00:35:23:03 Cheryl Dorsey: without you fully 00:35:23:04 00:35:24:03 Cheryl Dorsey: understanding their lived 00:35:24:04 00:35:25:16 Cheryl Dorsey: experience, just 00:35:25:17 00:35:27:02 Cheryl Dorsey: engaging through your 00:35:27:03 00:35:28:01 Cheryl Dorsey: philanthropy can make 00:35:28:02 00:35:29:07 Cheryl Dorsey: a difference. So this 00:35:29:08 00:35:30:02 Cheryl Dorsey: is a much more 00:35:30:03 00:35:30:23 Cheryl Dorsey: complicated 00:35:30:24 00:35:31:22 Cheryl Dorsey: conversation, Peter. 00:35:31:23 00:35:33:03 Cheryl Dorsey: But I think small 00:35:33:04 00:35:34:18 Cheryl Dorsey: steps to begin just 00:35:34:19 00:35:35:24 Cheryl Dorsey: begin the journey of 00:35:36:00 00:35:37:08 Cheryl Dorsey: learning, talking to 00:35:37:09 00:35:38:09 Cheryl Dorsey: others and being 00:35:38:10 00:35:39:05 Cheryl Dorsey: comfortable with 00:35:39:06 00:35:40:06 Cheryl Dorsey: being uncomfortable. 00:35:40:08 00:35:41:05 Cheryl Dorsey: That's not a bad way 00:35:41:06 00:35:42:05 Cheryl Dorsey: to start. But if 00:35:42:06 00:35:43:08 Cheryl Dorsey: enough of us do it, I 00:35:43:09 00:35:44:08 Cheryl Dorsey: think we at least 00:35:44:22 00:35:46:01 Cheryl Dorsey: begin down this very 00:35:46:02 00:35:47:10 Cheryl Dorsey: necessary road to get 00:35:47:11 00:35:48:11 Cheryl Dorsey: to the kind of healing 00:35:48:12 00:35:49:10 Cheryl Dorsey: and reconciliation 00:35:49:11 00:35:50:11 Cheryl Dorsey: that we all need. 00:35:50:22 00:35:52:13 Peter Drobac: And you as Echoing 00:35:52:14 00:35:53:17 Peter Drobac: Green are really putting 00:35:53:18 00:35:54:14 Peter Drobac: your money where your mouth 00:35:54:15 00:35:55:13 Peter Drobac: is, so to speak, 00:35:55:16 00:35:56:11 Peter Drobac: having recently 00:35:56:12 00:35:57:14 Peter Drobac: launched a racial 00:35:57:15 00:35:58:16 Peter Drobac: equity philanthropic 00:35:58:17 00:35:59:10 Peter Drobac: fund, which I believe 00:35:59:11 00:36:00:24 Peter Drobac: is aiming at a 50 00:36:01:00 00:36:01:21 Peter Drobac: million dollar 00:36:01:22 00:36:02:22 Peter Drobac: investment, which is 00:36:02:23 00:36:03:22 Peter Drobac: extraordinary. 00:36:04:02 00:36:04:24 Peter Drobac: Maybe you could just tell us 00:36:05:00 00:36:06:00 Peter Drobac: a bit about how you 00:36:06:01 00:36:07:04 Peter Drobac: want to target those investments 00:36:07:05 00:36:08:06 Peter Drobac: and what you hope to accomplish. 00:36:08:21 00:36:09:19 Cheryl Dorsey: Thank you for asking. 00:36:09:20 00:36:10:19 Cheryl Dorsey: No, it's interesting 00:36:10:20 00:36:12:14 Cheryl Dorsey: that Echoing Green is 00:36:12:15 00:36:13:19 Cheryl Dorsey: an incredibly diverse 00:36:13:20 00:36:15:02 Cheryl Dorsey: community of innovators. 00:36:15:06 00:36:16:12 Cheryl Dorsey: And I would say for 00:36:16:13 00:36:18:08 Cheryl Dorsey: the past 10 years in 00:36:18:09 00:36:19:18 Cheryl Dorsey: particular, we've had 00:36:19:19 00:36:20:22 Cheryl Dorsey: a focus on 00:36:20:23 00:36:22:04 Cheryl Dorsey: identifying BIPOC 00:36:22:20 00:36:24:02 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders, black, 00:36:24:08 00:36:25:08 Cheryl Dorsey: indigenous, Latinx, 00:36:25:20 00:36:26:20 Cheryl Dorsey: people of colour, 00:36:27:02 00:36:28:06 Cheryl Dorsey: proximate leaders 00:36:28:11 00:36:29:09 Cheryl Dorsey: believing deeply in 00:36:29:10 00:36:30:10 Cheryl Dorsey: their ability to drive 00:36:30:11 00:36:31:12 Cheryl Dorsey: change. And when you 00:36:31:13 00:36:32:12 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of look at our 00:36:32:13 00:36:33:14 Cheryl Dorsey: community, about seventy 00:36:33:15 00:36:34:18 Cheryl Dorsey: five percent of our 00:36:34:19 00:36:36:05 Cheryl Dorsey: community over the 00:36:36:06 00:36:37:01 Cheryl Dorsey: last decade or 00:36:37:02 00:36:37:25 Cheryl Dorsey: proximate leaders in 00:36:37:26 00:36:38:24 Cheryl Dorsey: the US, about seventy 00:36:38:25 00:36:39:23 Cheryl Dorsey: five percent are people 00:36:39:24 00:36:41:00 Cheryl Dorsey: of colour. And so 00:36:41:01 00:36:41:23 Cheryl Dorsey: we've got a great 00:36:41:24 00:36:43:05 Cheryl Dorsey: deal of knowledge 00:36:43:20 00:36:44:21 Cheryl Dorsey: and expertise as it 00:36:44:22 00:36:45:17 Cheryl Dorsey: relates to racial 00:36:45:18 00:36:46:22 Cheryl Dorsey: equity and a variety 00:36:46:23 00:36:48:02 Cheryl Dorsey: of structural inequities 00:36:48:06 00:36:49:15 Cheryl Dorsey: that lead to oppression. 00:36:49:20 00:36:51:01 Cheryl Dorsey: And in the wake of 00:36:51:02 00:36:52:19 Cheryl Dorsey: the racial uprisings 00:36:53:03 00:36:54:02 Cheryl Dorsey: and this conversation 00:36:54:03 00:36:55:03 Cheryl Dorsey: that we're having 00:36:55:06 00:36:56:17 Cheryl Dorsey: around racial equity 00:36:56:22 00:36:58:07 Cheryl Dorsey: amplified by the 00:36:58:08 00:36:59:04 Cheryl Dorsey: pandemic, which 00:36:59:05 00:37:00:00 Cheryl Dorsey: disproportionately 00:37:00:01 00:37:00:20 Cheryl Dorsey: impacts folks of 00:37:00:21 00:37:02:22 Cheryl Dorsey: colour and the racial 00:37:02:23 00:37:03:24 Cheryl Dorsey: reckoning, Echoing 00:37:04:01 00:37:05:18 Cheryl Dorsey: Green decided to go 00:37:05:19 00:37:07:06 Cheryl Dorsey: all in using the 00:37:07:14 00:37:08:18 Cheryl Dorsey: expertise that we've 00:37:08:19 00:37:10:04 Cheryl Dorsey: gained and glean by 00:37:10:05 00:37:11:03 Cheryl Dorsey: working with so many 00:37:11:04 00:37:12:00 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators of 00:37:12:01 00:37:13:19 Cheryl Dorsey: colour to launch a 50 00:37:13:24 00:37:15:01 Cheryl Dorsey: million dollar fund 00:37:15:08 00:37:16:14 Cheryl Dorsey: to transform the 00:37:16:15 00:37:17:09 Cheryl Dorsey: field of social 00:37:17:10 00:37:19:10 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation and ensure 00:37:19:11 00:37:20:06 Cheryl Dorsey: that today's 00:37:20:07 00:37:21:01 Cheryl Dorsey: heightened awareness 00:37:21:02 00:37:21:21 Cheryl Dorsey: of racial equity 00:37:21:22 00:37:23:00 Cheryl Dorsey: translates into 00:37:23:01 00:37:24:02 Cheryl Dorsey: sustained action and 00:37:24:03 00:37:24:23 Cheryl Dorsey: impact. 00:37:24:24 00:37:26:02 Cheryl Dorsey: We have a thesis, a 00:37:26:03 00:37:27:04 Cheryl Dorsey: deeply held belief, 00:37:27:12 00:37:28:21 Cheryl Dorsey: that social innovation 00:37:29:01 00:37:30:13 Cheryl Dorsey: is a powerful tool 00:37:30:18 00:37:31:18 Cheryl Dorsey: for attacking and 00:37:31:19 00:37:32:23 Cheryl Dorsey: dismantling structural 00:37:32:24 00:37:33:19 Cheryl Dorsey: racism. Right. 00:37:33:20 00:37:35:01 Cheryl Dorsey: The work that innovation 00:37:35:02 00:37:36:23 Cheryl Dorsey: is so good at value 00:37:36:24 00:37:38:14 Cheryl Dorsey: creation, a dynamic 00:37:38:20 00:37:39:24 Cheryl Dorsey: propulsive force. 00:37:40:00 00:37:40:19 Cheryl Dorsey: Joseph Schumpeter 00:37:40:20 00:37:41:16 Cheryl Dorsey: called it creative 00:37:41:17 00:37:42:17 Cheryl Dorsey: destruction, right. 00:37:42:22 00:37:43:24 Cheryl Dorsey: So how do you dismantle 00:37:44:00 00:37:45:16 Cheryl Dorsey: the system? It lends 00:37:45:17 00:37:47:09 Cheryl Dorsey: itself to the work of 00:37:47:10 00:37:48:07 Cheryl Dorsey: tackling the 00:37:48:08 00:37:49:03 Cheryl Dorsey: virulence of 00:37:49:04 00:37:50:06 Cheryl Dorsey: structural racism, 00:37:50:17 00:37:51:15 Cheryl Dorsey: not just in the US, 00:37:51:16 00:37:52:10 Cheryl Dorsey: but also a global 00:37:52:11 00:37:53:05 Cheryl Dorsey: context. 00:37:53:06 00:37:54:08 Cheryl Dorsey: So we have decided to 00:37:54:09 00:37:55:08 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of scale our 00:37:55:09 00:37:56:03 Cheryl Dorsey: work over the next 00:37:56:04 00:37:57:06 Cheryl Dorsey: three years to focus 00:37:57:07 00:37:59:07 Cheryl Dorsey: on taking on that 00:37:59:08 00:38:00:17 Cheryl Dorsey: work in three lanes 00:38:00:18 00:38:01:17 Cheryl Dorsey: of work. One is we're 00:38:01:18 00:38:03:07 Cheryl Dorsey: going to ramp up and 00:38:03:08 00:38:05:02 Cheryl Dorsey: identify five hundred 00:38:05:03 00:38:06:12 Cheryl Dorsey: BIPOC, mostly, 00:38:06:13 00:38:07:20 Cheryl Dorsey: leaders working on 00:38:07:21 00:38:09:02 Cheryl Dorsey: racial equity, mostly 00:38:09:03 00:38:09:25 Cheryl Dorsey: in the US context, 00:38:10:00 00:38:11:00 Cheryl Dorsey: but also globally, 00:38:11:06 00:38:12:05 Cheryl Dorsey: and ensure that they 00:38:12:06 00:38:13:01 Cheryl Dorsey: have the funding and the 00:38:13:02 00:38:13:22 Cheryl Dorsey: support they need to 00:38:13:23 00:38:14:23 Cheryl Dorsey: drive change. 00:38:15:02 00:38:16:20 Cheryl Dorsey: We are also tripling 00:38:16:21 00:38:18:14 Cheryl Dorsey: down on our corporate 00:38:18:21 00:38:19:18 Cheryl Dorsey: engagement work. 00:38:19:19 00:38:20:21 Cheryl Dorsey: We all know that the 00:38:20:22 00:38:21:22 Cheryl Dorsey: fundamental definition 00:38:21:23 00:38:22:22 Cheryl Dorsey: of social innovation 00:38:23:01 00:38:24:06 Cheryl Dorsey: is an alliance based 00:38:24:07 00:38:25:05 Cheryl Dorsey: model for change, 00:38:25:06 00:38:26:06 Cheryl Dorsey: right. How do you 00:38:26:07 00:38:27:11 Cheryl Dorsey: bring the market, 00:38:27:12 00:38:28:12 Cheryl Dorsey: civil society and 00:38:28:13 00:38:29:15 Cheryl Dorsey: government together? 00:38:29:19 00:38:30:23 Cheryl Dorsey: By blurring sectoral 00:38:30:24 00:38:31:23 Cheryl Dorsey: boundaries in a way 00:38:31:24 00:38:32:22 Cheryl Dorsey: that creates new and 00:38:32:23 00:38:34:01 Cheryl Dorsey: shared public value. 00:38:34:10 00:38:35:09 Cheryl Dorsey: We believe deeply 00:38:35:10 00:38:36:11 Cheryl Dorsey: that in this moment, 00:38:36:12 00:38:37:16 Cheryl Dorsey: business leadership 00:38:37:17 00:38:39:01 Cheryl Dorsey: has got to interrogate 00:38:39:02 00:38:39:23 Cheryl Dorsey: the question of what 00:38:39:24 00:38:41:00 Cheryl Dorsey: does meaningful allyship 00:38:41:09 00:38:42:10 Cheryl Dorsey: around racial equity 00:38:42:11 00:38:43:10 Cheryl Dorsey: look like? What does 00:38:43:11 00:38:44:13 Cheryl Dorsey: that mean? And if we 00:38:44:14 00:38:45:17 Cheryl Dorsey: can sort of scale our 00:38:45:18 00:38:46:16 Cheryl Dorsey: intervention of working 00:38:46:17 00:38:47:12 Cheryl Dorsey: with business leaders 00:38:47:13 00:38:48:14 Cheryl Dorsey: and work with ten thousand 00:38:48:15 00:38:49:09 Cheryl Dorsey: business leaders over 00:38:49:10 00:38:50:09 Cheryl Dorsey: the next three years, 00:38:50:10 00:38:51:10 Cheryl Dorsey: we believe we'll actually 00:38:51:11 00:38:52:10 Cheryl Dorsey: reach a tipping point 00:38:52:15 00:38:53:17 Cheryl Dorsey: of starting to change 00:38:53:18 00:38:54:21 Cheryl Dorsey: the norms, hearts and 00:38:54:22 00:38:55:19 Cheryl Dorsey: minds of not just 00:38:55:20 00:38:56:15 Cheryl Dorsey: these business leaders, 00:38:56:16 00:38:57:20 Cheryl Dorsey: but the corporations 00:38:58:02 00:38:59:19 Cheryl Dorsey: that they run to be 00:38:59:22 00:39:01:07 Cheryl Dorsey: true good allies in 00:39:01:08 00:39:02:08 Cheryl Dorsey: racial equity. And then 00:39:02:13 00:39:03:13 Cheryl Dorsey: the last piece is 00:39:03:16 00:39:04:16 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation is 00:39:04:17 00:39:05:13 Cheryl Dorsey: not only a field of 00:39:05:14 00:39:06:10 Cheryl Dorsey: endeavour, it is now 00:39:06:11 00:39:07:10 Cheryl Dorsey: a bona fide global 00:39:07:11 00:39:08:13 Cheryl Dorsey: social movement, and 00:39:08:14 00:39:09:23 Cheryl Dorsey: there's got to be a mobilisation 00:39:09:24 00:39:11:06 Cheryl Dorsey: effort to engage the 00:39:11:07 00:39:12:06 Cheryl Dorsey: next generation of 00:39:12:07 00:39:13:13 Cheryl Dorsey: talent that is 00:39:13:14 00:39:14:16 Cheryl Dorsey: waiting on the sidelines. 00:39:14:17 00:39:15:20 Cheryl Dorsey: It still doesn't know anything 00:39:15:21 00:39:16:24 Cheryl Dorsey: about social innovation. 00:39:17:04 00:39:18:07 Cheryl Dorsey: So we've made a commitment 00:39:18:08 00:39:19:07 Cheryl Dorsey: to working with up to 00:39:19:08 00:39:20:24 Cheryl Dorsey: five thousand next 00:39:21:00 00:39:21:19 Cheryl Dorsey: gen leadership of 00:39:21:20 00:39:22:19 Cheryl Dorsey: colour, mostly, 00:39:23:04 00:39:24:02 Cheryl Dorsey: upskilling them 00:39:24:03 00:39:25:02 Cheryl Dorsey: around the principles, 00:39:25:03 00:39:26:04 Cheryl Dorsey: tools and tenets of 00:39:26:05 00:39:27:10 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation to 00:39:27:11 00:39:28:17 Cheryl Dorsey: stand alongside sort 00:39:28:18 00:39:30:02 Cheryl Dorsey: of the tried and true 00:39:30:04 00:39:31:14 Cheryl Dorsey: methodologies of 00:39:31:15 00:39:32:08 Cheryl Dorsey: change across the 00:39:32:09 00:39:33:03 Cheryl Dorsey: 20th century. 00:39:33:04 00:39:34:04 Cheryl Dorsey: We know a lot about 00:39:34:06 00:39:35:10 Cheryl Dorsey: rights based movements, 00:39:35:11 00:39:36:17 Cheryl Dorsey: a lot about advocacy, 00:39:36:18 00:39:37:16 Cheryl Dorsey: a lot about community 00:39:37:17 00:39:38:14 Cheryl Dorsey: organising. 00:39:38:15 00:39:39:19 Cheryl Dorsey: I deeply believe, 00:39:39:20 00:39:40:17 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green deeply 00:39:40:18 00:39:41:15 Cheryl Dorsey: believes social 00:39:41:16 00:39:42:11 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation is a 00:39:42:12 00:39:43:11 Cheryl Dorsey: credible tool and 00:39:43:12 00:39:44:10 Cheryl Dorsey: should be another 00:39:44:11 00:39:45:12 Cheryl Dorsey: arrow in the quiver 00:39:45:16 00:39:47:01 Cheryl Dorsey: to join those great 00:39:47:02 00:39:48:08 Cheryl Dorsey: approaches to transformational 00:39:48:09 00:39:49:14 Cheryl Dorsey: change. And hopefully 00:39:49:15 00:39:50:13 Cheryl Dorsey: the work of our racial 00:39:50:14 00:39:51:12 Cheryl Dorsey: equity philanthropic 00:39:51:13 00:39:53:03 Cheryl Dorsey: fund will help to get 00:39:53:04 00:39:54:06 Cheryl Dorsey: us closer to the 00:39:54:07 00:39:55:04 Cheryl Dorsey: promise of social 00:39:55:05 00:39:56:10 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation as a powerful 00:39:56:11 00:39:57:10 Cheryl Dorsey: force for change. 00:39:58:02 00:39:58:24 Peter Tufano: Cheryl Dorsey and 00:39:59:00 00:40:00:09 Peter Tufano: Peter Drobac now take 00:40:00:10 00:40:01:18 Peter Tufano: on more questions from 00:40:01:19 00:40:02:24 Peter Tufano: the audience who are 00:40:03:00 00:40:03:23 Peter Tufano: listening in live from 00:40:03:24 00:40:04:23 Peter Tufano: around the world. 00:40:04:24 00:40:06:03 Peter Tufano: What kind of return on 00:40:06:04 00:40:07:01 Peter Tufano: investment is Echoing 00:40:07:02 00:40:08:01 Peter Tufano: Green looking for? 00:40:08:14 00:40:09:15 Peter Tufano: And related to this, 00:40:09:23 00:40:10:17 Peter Tufano: when it comes to the 00:40:10:18 00:40:11:15 Peter Tufano: tension all social 00:40:11:16 00:40:12:09 Peter Tufano: entrepreneurs face 00:40:12:10 00:40:13:05 Peter Tufano: between the creation of 00:40:13:06 00:40:14:19 Peter Tufano: social and environmental 00:40:14:20 00:40:16:09 Peter Tufano: impact and financial 00:40:16:10 00:40:17:04 Peter Tufano: sustainability and 00:40:17:05 00:40:18:16 Peter Tufano: profit, how does 00:40:18:17 00:40:19:11 Peter Tufano: Cheryl weigh up these 00:40:19:12 00:40:20:11 Peter Tufano: when investing? 00:40:20:22 00:40:22:08 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green is a 00:40:22:09 00:40:23:20 Cheryl Dorsey: charitable organisation. 00:40:24:01 00:40:25:23 Cheryl Dorsey: We invest in leaders 00:40:25:24 00:40:26:19 Cheryl Dorsey: regardless of 00:40:26:20 00:40:27:20 Cheryl Dorsey: corporate form. 00:40:28:00 00:40:29:06 Cheryl Dorsey: For the vast majority 00:40:29:07 00:40:30:21 Cheryl Dorsey: of our history, most 00:40:30:22 00:40:31:25 Cheryl Dorsey: of our social innovators, 00:40:32:00 00:40:33:03 Cheryl Dorsey: were starting pretty 00:40:33:04 00:40:33:24 Cheryl Dorsey: traditional civil 00:40:33:25 00:40:35:04 Cheryl Dorsey: society organisations, 00:40:35:05 00:40:36:13 Cheryl Dorsey: right? Charitable organisations 00:40:36:14 00:40:37:09 Cheryl Dorsey: that relied on 00:40:37:10 00:40:38:04 Cheryl Dorsey: philanthropic or 00:40:38:05 00:40:39:03 Cheryl Dorsey: government funding to 00:40:39:04 00:40:39:24 Cheryl Dorsey: do their work or to 00:40:40:00 00:40:40:24 Cheryl Dorsey: scale. 00:40:41:00 00:40:42:10 Cheryl Dorsey: Around 2006 we 00:40:42:19 00:40:43:21 Cheryl Dorsey: noticed a very 00:40:43:22 00:40:44:19 Cheryl Dorsey: interesting trend 00:40:44:20 00:40:46:00 Cheryl Dorsey: that has only continued 00:40:46:01 00:40:47:10 Cheryl Dorsey: to accelerate: the 00:40:47:11 00:40:48:05 Cheryl Dorsey: recognition that 00:40:48:06 00:40:49:03 Cheryl Dorsey: there was simply not 00:40:49:04 00:40:50:02 Cheryl Dorsey: enough philanthropic 00:40:50:03 00:40:52:02 Cheryl Dorsey: capital to help scale 00:40:52:13 00:40:53:19 Cheryl Dorsey: solutions to so many 00:40:53:20 00:40:55:02 Cheryl Dorsey: of the social and environmental 00:40:55:03 00:40:55:25 Cheryl Dorsey: problems that we 00:40:56:00 00:40:58:02 Cheryl Dorsey: seek. In 2006, about 00:40:58:03 00:40:58:24 Cheryl Dorsey: 15 percent of the 00:40:59:00 00:41:00:07 Cheryl Dorsey: social business plans 00:41:00:08 00:41:01:16 Cheryl Dorsey: we vetted that year, 00:41:01:20 00:41:02:20 Cheryl Dorsey: we're proposing 00:41:02:24 00:41:04:04 Cheryl Dorsey: double bottom line or 00:41:04:05 00:41:05:02 Cheryl Dorsey: triple bottom line or 00:41:05:03 00:41:05:24 Cheryl Dorsey: hybrid corporate 00:41:06:00 00:41:07:06 Cheryl Dorsey: forms. Now it's about 00:41:07:07 00:41:08:03 Cheryl Dorsey: 50 percent of our 00:41:08:04 00:41:09:03 Cheryl Dorsey: applicant pool. 00:41:09:12 00:41:10:19 Cheryl Dorsey: We select the leaders 00:41:10:20 00:41:11:20 Cheryl Dorsey: in our portfolio 00:41:11:25 00:41:13:15 Cheryl Dorsey: regardless of our of 00:41:13:16 00:41:14:15 Cheryl Dorsey: their corporate form. 00:41:14:16 00:41:15:13 Cheryl Dorsey: And in any given 00:41:15:14 00:41:17:04 Cheryl Dorsey: year, it's anywhere 00:41:17:05 00:41:18:14 Cheryl Dorsey: from 15 to 30 00:41:19:02 00:41:20:07 Cheryl Dorsey: percent of our fellows 00:41:20:08 00:41:21:06 Cheryl Dorsey: are running for profit 00:41:21:07 00:41:22:07 Cheryl Dorsey: businesses. 00:41:22:12 00:41:23:17 Cheryl Dorsey: I would say that 00:41:23:23 00:41:25:00 Cheryl Dorsey: there has been a lot 00:41:25:01 00:41:26:07 Cheryl Dorsey: of interest and 00:41:26:08 00:41:27:12 Cheryl Dorsey: excitement around 00:41:27:13 00:41:28:23 Cheryl Dorsey: impact investing and 00:41:28:24 00:41:30:03 Cheryl Dorsey: how do we sort of drive 00:41:30:04 00:41:31:14 Cheryl Dorsey: and capital for 00:41:31:15 00:41:32:19 Cheryl Dorsey: social environmental 00:41:32:20 00:41:34:05 Cheryl Dorsey: good. The capital 00:41:34:06 00:41:36:02 Cheryl Dorsey: flows have not moved 00:41:36:03 00:41:37:02 Cheryl Dorsey: as quickly as we 00:41:37:03 00:41:38:02 Cheryl Dorsey: would like to the kinds 00:41:38:03 00:41:39:03 Cheryl Dorsey: of entrepreneurs that 00:41:39:04 00:41:40:01 Cheryl Dorsey: we invest in. 00:41:40:02 00:41:41:08 Cheryl Dorsey: They are still struggling 00:41:41:14 00:41:42:14 Cheryl Dorsey: to build the capital 00:41:42:15 00:41:43:14 Cheryl Dorsey: stats that they need 00:41:43:15 00:41:44:08 Cheryl Dorsey: to scale their 00:41:44:09 00:41:45:08 Cheryl Dorsey: enterprises. 00:41:45:19 00:41:47:01 Cheryl Dorsey: And I think in part, 00:41:47:08 00:41:48:13 Cheryl Dorsey: there's still this tension 00:41:48:14 00:41:50:07 Cheryl Dorsey: between, as our 00:41:50:17 00:41:51:13 Cheryl Dorsey: questioner asked, 00:41:51:14 00:41:52:09 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of how do you think 00:41:52:10 00:41:53:04 Cheryl Dorsey: about return on 00:41:53:05 00:41:54:02 Cheryl Dorsey: investment and 00:41:54:03 00:41:55:02 Cheryl Dorsey: enterprise? Like 00:41:55:03 00:41:55:24 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green is only 00:41:56:00 00:41:57:03 Cheryl Dorsey: seeking to optimise 00:41:57:04 00:41:58:13 Cheryl Dorsey: around social return 00:41:58:14 00:41:59:13 Cheryl Dorsey: on investment. 00:41:59:15 00:42:00:15 Cheryl Dorsey: It's all we care about, 00:42:01:03 00:42:02:10 Cheryl Dorsey: whereas some investors 00:42:02:20 00:42:03:15 Cheryl Dorsey: are not looking to 00:42:03:16 00:42:04:13 Cheryl Dorsey: place concessionary 00:42:04:14 00:42:05:16 Cheryl Dorsey: capital, they want market 00:42:05:17 00:42:06:15 Cheryl Dorsey: returns. So we're 00:42:06:16 00:42:07:13 Cheryl Dorsey: starting to see this 00:42:07:14 00:42:08:24 Cheryl Dorsey: continuum of funders 00:42:09:03 00:42:10:03 Cheryl Dorsey: where you've got folks like 00:42:10:09 00:42:11:05 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green who are only 00:42:11:06 00:42:12:02 Cheryl Dorsey: optimising around 00:42:12:03 00:42:13:05 Cheryl Dorsey: social return, and 00:42:13:06 00:42:14:08 Cheryl Dorsey: then you've got enterprises 00:42:14:09 00:42:15:17 Cheryl Dorsey: like the Rise Fund 00:42:15:18 00:42:16:25 Cheryl Dorsey: out of TPG that 00:42:17:00 00:42:17:22 Cheryl Dorsey: actually believes you 00:42:17:23 00:42:19:09 Cheryl Dorsey: can drive social 00:42:19:10 00:42:20:10 Cheryl Dorsey: environmental good at 00:42:20:11 00:42:21:20 Cheryl Dorsey: scale, achieving 00:42:21:21 00:42:22:20 Cheryl Dorsey: market returns. 00:42:22:24 00:42:23:19 Cheryl Dorsey: I think this is a 00:42:23:20 00:42:24:21 Cheryl Dorsey: conversation that is 00:42:24:22 00:42:25:18 Cheryl Dorsey: going to continue to 00:42:25:19 00:42:26:23 Cheryl Dorsey: play out across the 00:42:26:24 00:42:27:20 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation 00:42:27:21 00:42:28:23 Cheryl Dorsey: landscape. And there 00:42:28:24 00:42:29:25 Cheryl Dorsey: really is room for 00:42:29:26 00:42:30:21 Cheryl Dorsey: all of us. 00:42:30:22 00:42:32:09 Cheryl Dorsey: I think where we live 00:42:32:19 00:42:33:19 Cheryl Dorsey: across this capital 00:42:33:20 00:42:35:10 Cheryl Dorsey: continuum is social 00:42:35:11 00:42:36:07 Cheryl Dorsey: entrepreneurs who are 00:42:36:08 00:42:37:05 Cheryl Dorsey: deeply committed to 00:42:37:06 00:42:38:06 Cheryl Dorsey: the social innovation, 00:42:38:11 00:42:39:14 Cheryl Dorsey: who recognising that 00:42:39:15 00:42:40:13 Cheryl Dorsey: this sort of capital 00:42:40:14 00:42:42:06 Cheryl Dorsey: stacking, drawing in, 00:42:42:07 00:42:43:14 Cheryl Dorsey: crowding in all forms 00:42:43:15 00:42:45:01 Cheryl Dorsey: of capital is the way 00:42:45:02 00:42:45:23 Cheryl Dorsey: that they're patching 00:42:45:24 00:42:47:18 Cheryl Dorsey: together the growth 00:42:47:19 00:42:48:20 Cheryl Dorsey: and sustainability of 00:42:48:21 00:42:49:20 Cheryl Dorsey: their enterprises. 00:42:49:21 00:42:51:21 Cheryl Dorsey: But it is a fundamentally 00:42:52:02 00:42:53:10 Cheryl Dorsey: difficult conundrum 00:42:53:11 00:42:54:08 Cheryl Dorsey: for most of them, and 00:42:54:09 00:42:55:21 Cheryl Dorsey: it is not easy at 00:42:55:22 00:42:57:13 Cheryl Dorsey: all. But again, they 00:42:57:14 00:42:58:25 Cheryl Dorsey: refuse to sacrifice 00:42:59:00 00:43:00:02 Cheryl Dorsey: the social in their 00:43:00:03 00:43:01:08 Cheryl Dorsey: social mission with 00:43:01:09 00:43:02:12 Cheryl Dorsey: the business imperative. 00:43:02:13 00:43:03:13 Cheryl Dorsey: And again, that tension 00:43:03:18 00:43:04:23 Cheryl Dorsey: is ever present, but 00:43:04:24 00:43:05:22 Cheryl Dorsey: they continue to 00:43:05:23 00:43:07:02 Cheryl Dorsey: figure out a way to work 00:43:07:03 00:43:08:06 Cheryl Dorsey: on it. And I think 00:43:08:07 00:43:09:02 Cheryl Dorsey: it's going to be a number 00:43:09:03 00:43:09:21 Cheryl Dorsey: of years before 00:43:09:22 00:43:10:23 Cheryl Dorsey: market mechanisms 00:43:11:02 00:43:12:02 Cheryl Dorsey: catch up to these 00:43:12:03 00:43:13:05 Cheryl Dorsey: sorts of business models 00:43:13:06 00:43:14:16 Cheryl Dorsey: that will never sort 00:43:14:17 00:43:15:11 Cheryl Dorsey: of pull back on the 00:43:15:12 00:43:16:09 Cheryl Dorsey: social mission of 00:43:16:10 00:43:17:09 Cheryl Dorsey: what they do. 00:43:17:11 00:43:18:20 Peter Drobac: Thanks. I want to turn 00:43:18:21 00:43:19:20 Peter Drobac: to the Covid-19 00:43:20:08 00:43:21:12 Peter Drobac: pandemic for a bit. 00:43:21:13 00:43:22:08 Peter Drobac: We may bounce around 00:43:22:09 00:43:23:12 Peter Drobac: to some really cool questions 00:43:23:13 00:43:24:12 Peter Drobac: coming in. 00:43:24:13 00:43:25:18 Peter Drobac: This is around vaccines. 00:43:25:24 00:43:27:06 Peter Drobac: So, of course, we've 00:43:27:07 00:43:29:01 Peter Drobac: seen this remarkable 00:43:29:05 00:43:30:03 Peter Drobac: wave of scientific 00:43:30:04 00:43:31:01 Peter Drobac: innovation in recent 00:43:31:02 00:43:32:02 Peter Drobac: months to develop a 00:43:32:03 00:43:32:22 Peter Drobac: number of safe and 00:43:32:23 00:43:34:18 Peter Drobac: effective vaccines 00:43:34:23 00:43:36:05 Peter Drobac: against Covid-19. 00:43:36:07 00:43:37:04 Peter Drobac: And those have been rolled 00:43:37:05 00:43:38:16 Peter Drobac: out fairly quickly 00:43:38:17 00:43:40:01 Peter Drobac: over the last several 00:43:40:02 00:43:41:03 Peter Drobac: weeks, but almost 00:43:41:04 00:43:42:05 Peter Drobac: entirely in wealthy 00:43:42:06 00:43:43:00 Peter Drobac: countries. Right. I think 00:43:43:01 00:43:44:07 Peter Drobac: we crossed a hundred 00:43:44:08 00:43:45:15 Peter Drobac: million vaccine doses 00:43:45:16 00:43:46:24 Peter Drobac: administered, which is 00:43:47:00 00:43:47:24 Peter Drobac: a great milestone. 00:43:48:00 00:43:49:14 Peter Drobac: But all but I think 00:43:49:22 00:43:50:18 Peter Drobac: about one hundred of 00:43:50:19 00:43:52:12 Peter Drobac: those vaccines have 00:43:52:13 00:43:53:13 Peter Drobac: been administered and 00:43:53:14 00:43:55:04 Peter Drobac: really wealthy and 00:43:55:05 00:43:56:01 Peter Drobac: high middle income 00:43:56:02 00:43:56:21 Peter Drobac: countries. So the 00:43:56:22 00:43:58:07 Peter Drobac: question from COHA is 00:43:58:13 00:44:00:05 Peter Drobac: how will we distribute 00:44:00:06 00:44:01:17 Peter Drobac: vaccine fairly in 00:44:01:18 00:44:02:17 Peter Drobac: developing countries? 00:44:03:09 00:44:04:11 Peter Drobac: We're starving for 00:44:04:12 00:44:05:12 Peter Drobac: this new innovation. 00:44:05:18 00:44:06:18 Peter Drobac: I wonder if you have any thoughts 00:44:06:19 00:44:07:10 Peter Drobac: on that. 00:44:07:11 00:44:08:17 Cheryl Dorsey: That is the most 00:44:08:18 00:44:10:02 Cheryl Dorsey: important question as 00:44:10:03 00:44:11:22 Cheryl Dorsey: we all seek to get to 00:44:11:23 00:44:12:19 Cheryl Dorsey: the other side of the 00:44:12:20 00:44:14:04 Cheryl Dorsey: pandemic and begin to 00:44:14:05 00:44:15:06 Cheryl Dorsey: rebuild our lives and 00:44:15:07 00:44:16:14 Cheryl Dorsey: our communities and 00:44:16:15 00:44:17:24 Cheryl Dorsey: the inequities that 00:44:18:00 00:44:19:04 Cheryl Dorsey: existed in terms of 00:44:19:05 00:44:19:25 Cheryl Dorsey: which communities 00:44:20:00 00:44:21:02 Cheryl Dorsey: were disproportionately 00:44:21:03 00:44:22:08 Cheryl Dorsey: impacted in terms of 00:44:22:09 00:44:23:17 Cheryl Dorsey: morbidity and mortality, 00:44:23:22 00:44:24:20 Cheryl Dorsey: the same sorts of 00:44:24:21 00:44:26:04 Cheryl Dorsey: inequities are going 00:44:26:05 00:44:27:23 Cheryl Dorsey: to be replayed in 00:44:27:24 00:44:28:22 Cheryl Dorsey: terms of the vaccine 00:44:28:23 00:44:29:22 Cheryl Dorsey: distribution. 00:44:30:05 00:44:31:10 Cheryl Dorsey: We're seeing this now 00:44:31:11 00:44:32:08 Cheryl Dorsey: here in the United 00:44:32:09 00:44:33:13 Cheryl Dorsey: States where 00:44:33:19 00:44:35:10 Cheryl Dorsey: frontline workers and 00:44:35:11 00:44:36:12 Cheryl Dorsey: frontline essential 00:44:36:13 00:44:37:17 Cheryl Dorsey: workers in our country, 00:44:37:20 00:44:38:19 Cheryl Dorsey: mostly black and 00:44:38:20 00:44:40:07 Cheryl Dorsey: brown folks, mostly 00:44:40:08 00:44:41:14 Cheryl Dorsey: women of colour, are 00:44:41:15 00:44:43:07 Cheryl Dorsey: not equitably getting 00:44:43:08 00:44:44:09 Cheryl Dorsey: access to the 00:44:44:10 00:44:45:20 Cheryl Dorsey: vaccine, even even in 00:44:45:21 00:44:46:17 Cheryl Dorsey: the United States. 00:44:46:18 00:44:48:04 Cheryl Dorsey: So these inequities 00:44:48:07 00:44:49:09 Cheryl Dorsey: are extraordinarily 00:44:49:10 00:44:50:05 Cheryl Dorsey: difficult. 00:44:50:06 00:44:51:12 Cheryl Dorsey: I will say, I think 00:44:51:13 00:44:52:13 Cheryl Dorsey: this is the work 00:44:52:18 00:44:53:20 Cheryl Dorsey: where social innovators 00:44:53:21 00:44:54:18 Cheryl Dorsey: can really lean in. 00:44:54:19 00:44:55:17 Cheryl Dorsey: Number one, the 00:44:55:18 00:44:57:02 Cheryl Dorsey: facility and the 00:44:57:03 00:44:58:14 Cheryl Dorsey: ability to pivot of 00:44:58:15 00:44:59:15 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators 00:44:59:16 00:45:00:22 Cheryl Dorsey: because they've got an entrepreneurial 00:45:00:23 00:45:01:25 Cheryl Dorsey: spirit is great. 00:45:02:07 00:45:03:09 Cheryl Dorsey: So the opportunity 00:45:03:10 00:45:04:11 Cheryl Dorsey: for organisations 00:45:04:12 00:45:05:16 Cheryl Dorsey: that are in community 00:45:05:22 00:45:06:21 Cheryl Dorsey: doing one line of 00:45:06:22 00:45:07:22 Cheryl Dorsey: work, I do think have 00:45:07:23 00:45:09:03 Cheryl Dorsey: the ability to pivot 00:45:09:06 00:45:10:06 Cheryl Dorsey: and think about how 00:45:10:07 00:45:11:01 Cheryl Dorsey: they could be part of 00:45:11:02 00:45:12:06 Cheryl Dorsey: this supply chain of 00:45:12:07 00:45:13:11 Cheryl Dorsey: vaccine distribution. 00:45:13:18 00:45:14:21 Cheryl Dorsey: You've got the trust. 00:45:15:02 00:45:15:24 Cheryl Dorsey: You've got the last 00:45:16:00 00:45:16:20 Cheryl Dorsey: mile distribution 00:45:16:21 00:45:17:21 Cheryl Dorsey: capabilities built 00:45:17:22 00:45:18:17 Cheryl Dorsey: out in ways that 00:45:18:18 00:45:20:17 Cheryl Dorsey: other organisations 00:45:20:18 00:45:21:18 Cheryl Dorsey: and institutions do 00:45:21:19 00:45:22:12 Cheryl Dorsey: not. 00:45:22:13 00:45:23:16 Cheryl Dorsey: I also think there is 00:45:23:22 00:45:25:10 Cheryl Dorsey: power in collective 00:45:25:11 00:45:27:02 Cheryl Dorsey: organising to raise 00:45:27:03 00:45:28:22 Cheryl Dorsey: our voice to demand 00:45:29:04 00:45:30:15 Cheryl Dorsey: that marginalised 00:45:30:16 00:45:31:25 Cheryl Dorsey: communities need to 00:45:32:00 00:45:32:25 Cheryl Dorsey: be in the front of 00:45:32:26 00:45:33:24 Cheryl Dorsey: the line for this 00:45:34:00 00:45:35:04 Cheryl Dorsey: voice. This gets us 00:45:35:05 00:45:36:13 Cheryl Dorsey: into the realm of 00:45:36:14 00:45:37:11 Cheryl Dorsey: politics. 00:45:37:12 00:45:38:25 Cheryl Dorsey: And I think when I 00:45:38:26 00:45:40:02 Cheryl Dorsey: look at groups like 00:45:40:03 00:45:41:22 Cheryl Dorsey: Catalyst 2030, which 00:45:41:23 00:45:43:08 Cheryl Dorsey: is a collective of 00:45:43:09 00:45:44:04 Cheryl Dorsey: which is Echoing Green 00:45:44:05 00:45:44:24 Cheryl Dorsey: is a part of which 00:45:45:00 00:45:46:13 Cheryl Dorsey: has brought together hundreds 00:45:46:14 00:45:47:17 Cheryl Dorsey: and hundreds of 00:45:47:18 00:45:49:08 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovators and 00:45:49:09 00:45:50:08 Cheryl Dorsey: intermediaries like 00:45:50:13 00:45:51:10 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green to help 00:45:51:11 00:45:52:14 Cheryl Dorsey: accelerate the progress 00:45:52:15 00:45:54:03 Cheryl Dorsey: of the SDGs, we're 00:45:54:04 00:45:55:01 Cheryl Dorsey: recognised 00:45:55:02 00:45:55:20 Cheryl Dorsey: recognising that 00:45:55:21 00:45:56:19 Cheryl Dorsey: we're simply stronger 00:45:56:20 00:45:58:00 Cheryl Dorsey: together. So I do 00:45:58:01 00:45:58:25 Cheryl Dorsey: think at this point, 00:45:59:00 00:46:00:02 Cheryl Dorsey: social entrepreneurship, 00:46:00:03 00:46:01:07 Cheryl Dorsey: which was born out of 00:46:01:08 00:46:02:13 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of an entrepreneurial 00:46:02:14 00:46:03:18 Cheryl Dorsey: spirit, almost sort 00:46:03:19 00:46:05:09 Cheryl Dorsey: of like an individualistic 00:46:05:13 00:46:06:18 Cheryl Dorsey: approach to change, 00:46:06:22 00:46:08:05 Cheryl Dorsey: we're now recognising 00:46:08:06 00:46:09:03 Cheryl Dorsey: that until we start 00:46:09:04 00:46:10:14 Cheryl Dorsey: to build collective 00:46:10:15 00:46:12:13 Cheryl Dorsey: bonds and networks, 00:46:12:17 00:46:13:13 Cheryl Dorsey: we're never going to be 00:46:13:14 00:46:14:11 Cheryl Dorsey: able to really scale 00:46:14:12 00:46:15:07 Cheryl Dorsey: our influence. 00:46:15:08 00:46:16:17 Cheryl Dorsey: So I would also encourage 00:46:16:18 00:46:17:17 Cheryl Dorsey: you, those of you who 00:46:17:18 00:46:19:05 Cheryl Dorsey: are working in shared 00:46:19:06 00:46:20:07 Cheryl Dorsey: ecosystems, shared 00:46:20:08 00:46:21:09 Cheryl Dorsey: geographies, in 00:46:21:10 00:46:22:18 Cheryl Dorsey: particular programme 00:46:22:19 00:46:23:22 Cheryl Dorsey: areas, to begin to 00:46:23:23 00:46:24:21 Cheryl Dorsey: come together and 00:46:24:22 00:46:26:15 Cheryl Dorsey: advocate for ensuring 00:46:26:20 00:46:27:15 Cheryl Dorsey: that vaccines are 00:46:27:16 00:46:28:18 Cheryl Dorsey: more equitably 00:46:29:07 00:46:30:01 Cheryl Dorsey: distributed. 00:46:30:02 00:46:31:02 Cheryl Dorsey: And then I would say, last 00:46:31:03 00:46:32:03 Cheryl Dorsey: but not least, Peter, 00:46:32:11 00:46:33:11 Cheryl Dorsey: at the beginning of the talk 00:46:33:12 00:46:34:10 Cheryl Dorsey: you mentioned, Echoing 00:46:34:11 00:46:35:10 Cheryl Dorsey: Green Fellow, also an 00:46:35:11 00:46:36:05 Cheryl Dorsey: Echoing Green Board 00:46:36:06 00:46:37:04 Cheryl Dorsey: member, Dr. Raj 00:46:37:05 00:46:38:02 Cheryl Dorsey: Panjabi. 00:46:38:03 00:46:39:07 Cheryl Dorsey: He's left his social 00:46:39:08 00:46:40:14 Cheryl Dorsey: enterprise to go and 00:46:40:15 00:46:41:14 Cheryl Dorsey: serve in government. 00:46:41:21 00:46:42:18 Cheryl Dorsey: There is a call to 00:46:42:19 00:46:43:17 Cheryl Dorsey: public service where 00:46:43:18 00:46:44:12 Cheryl Dorsey: we need social 00:46:44:13 00:46:45:22 Cheryl Dorsey: innovators to become 00:46:45:23 00:46:47:10 Cheryl Dorsey: social entrepreneurs 00:46:47:14 00:46:48:13 Cheryl Dorsey: within the halls of 00:46:48:14 00:46:49:18 Cheryl Dorsey: power, where you can 00:46:49:19 00:46:51:09 Cheryl Dorsey: start to set those 00:46:51:14 00:46:52:17 Cheryl Dorsey: federal level, those 00:46:52:18 00:46:53:12 Cheryl Dorsey: national level 00:46:53:13 00:46:54:19 Cheryl Dorsey: policies that will 00:46:54:20 00:46:56:01 Cheryl Dorsey: ultimately determine 00:46:56:05 00:46:57:09 Cheryl Dorsey: how vaccines will 00:46:57:10 00:46:58:10 Cheryl Dorsey: flow over the next 00:46:58:11 00:46:59:10 Cheryl Dorsey: two to four years. 00:46:59:13 00:47:00:15 Cheryl Dorsey: So I would encourage 00:47:00:16 00:47:01:23 Cheryl Dorsey: all of you who are so 00:47:01:24 00:47:02:19 Cheryl Dorsey: talented, who have 00:47:02:20 00:47:03:24 Cheryl Dorsey: learnt so much by 00:47:03:25 00:47:04:24 Cheryl Dorsey: being operators in 00:47:05:00 00:47:06:00 Cheryl Dorsey: the field to take 00:47:06:01 00:47:07:04 Cheryl Dorsey: that knowledge, your 00:47:07:05 00:47:07:25 Cheryl Dorsey: entrepreneurial 00:47:08:00 00:47:09:09 Cheryl Dorsey: spirit, your dynamic 00:47:09:10 00:47:10:10 Cheryl Dorsey: approach to change 00:47:10:13 00:47:12:05 Cheryl Dorsey: and go and work for 00:47:12:07 00:47:14:13 Cheryl Dorsey: your local, national, 00:47:14:17 00:47:15:22 Cheryl Dorsey: state level governments, 00:47:16:07 00:47:17:02 Cheryl Dorsey: because we need you 00:47:17:03 00:47:17:25 Cheryl Dorsey: to serve. We need your 00:47:17:26 00:47:19:05 Cheryl Dorsey: voice and your perspective. 00:47:19:09 00:47:20:04 Peter Drobac: And I would just add 00:47:20:05 00:47:21:10 Peter Drobac: to that, because the 00:47:21:11 00:47:22:07 Peter Drobac: vaccines are something I've 00:47:22:08 00:47:23:04 Peter Drobac: been thinking about and 00:47:23:05 00:47:24:09 Peter Drobac: working on some, that 00:47:24:15 00:47:25:14 Peter Drobac: what's happening right now 00:47:25:15 00:47:26:10 Peter Drobac: is, as Cheryl points 00:47:26:11 00:47:27:15 Peter Drobac: out, is not just inequity 00:47:27:22 00:47:29:04 Peter Drobac: between countries, but 00:47:29:05 00:47:30:05 Peter Drobac: within countries as 00:47:30:06 00:47:31:08 Peter Drobac: well. This is not only 00:47:31:15 00:47:32:22 Peter Drobac: a moral failure in a 00:47:32:23 00:47:33:21 Peter Drobac: real pending world 00:47:33:22 00:47:34:22 Peter Drobac: catastrophe. 00:47:34:23 00:47:35:21 Peter Drobac: It's kind of cutting 00:47:35:22 00:47:36:17 Peter Drobac: off our nose to spite 00:47:36:18 00:47:37:14 Peter Drobac: our face. Right. It's 00:47:37:15 00:47:38:19 Peter Drobac: really not a smart 00:47:38:20 00:47:40:17 Peter Drobac: play and it's going 00:47:40:18 00:47:41:25 Peter Drobac: to prolong the pandemic 00:47:41:26 00:47:42:24 Peter Drobac: and put us all at 00:47:43:00 00:47:44:10 Peter Drobac: greater risk over over 00:47:44:11 00:47:45:04 Peter Drobac: the long term. We 00:47:45:05 00:47:46:08 Peter Drobac: can't let the virus be 00:47:46:09 00:47:47:13 Peter Drobac: raging in one part of 00:47:47:14 00:47:49:05 Peter Drobac: the world whilst 00:47:49:06 00:47:50:05 Peter Drobac: controlling it another. 00:47:50:06 00:47:51:00 Peter Drobac: It's going to widen 00:47:51:01 00:47:52:02 Peter Drobac: those inequalities and 00:47:52:03 00:47:53:10 Peter Drobac: create all kinds of geopolitical 00:47:53:11 00:47:54:10 Peter Drobac: instability. 00:47:54:15 00:47:55:22 Peter Drobac: But, you know, also it 00:47:55:23 00:47:56:18 Peter Drobac: just increases the 00:47:56:19 00:47:57:15 Peter Drobac: risk of, you know, new 00:47:57:16 00:47:58:13 Peter Drobac: variants that might be 00:47:58:14 00:47:59:18 Peter Drobac: able to escape vaccines 00:47:59:19 00:48:00:19 Peter Drobac: coming back to haunt 00:48:00:20 00:48:02:11 Peter Drobac: us. So, you know, no 00:48:02:12 00:48:03:08 Peter Drobac: matter where your 00:48:03:09 00:48:04:20 Peter Drobac: moral compass is, it's 00:48:04:21 00:48:06:03 Peter Drobac: in everyone's own 00:48:06:04 00:48:07:17 Peter Drobac: self-interest to find 00:48:07:18 00:48:08:21 Peter Drobac: a smarter way to do 00:48:08:22 00:48:09:18 Peter Drobac: this in a kind of 00:48:09:19 00:48:10:22 Peter Drobac: nationalist approaches 00:48:10:23 00:48:11:19 Peter Drobac: to a vaccine hoarding 00:48:11:20 00:48:12:18 Peter Drobac: that we've seen just 00:48:12:19 00:48:13:17 Peter Drobac: choke off supply 00:48:13:18 00:48:14:22 Peter Drobac: chains. We need to be 00:48:14:23 00:48:16:11 Peter Drobac: thinking about not 00:48:17:01 00:48:18:07 Peter Drobac: how we slice up this 00:48:18:08 00:48:20:13 Peter Drobac: too small pie into 00:48:20:14 00:48:21:17 Peter Drobac: into different chunks. 00:48:21:18 00:48:22:17 Peter Drobac: We need to think about how we make 00:48:22:18 00:48:23:11 Peter Drobac: more pie. And I think 00:48:23:12 00:48:24:06 Peter Drobac: that's so often the 00:48:24:07 00:48:26:09 Peter Drobac: case. So why are we 00:48:27:01 00:48:27:22 Peter Drobac: sitting back waiting 00:48:27:23 00:48:28:23 Peter Drobac: for a few pharmaceutical 00:48:28:24 00:48:30:00 Peter Drobac: companies to save us 00:48:30:01 00:48:31:10 Peter Drobac: all by manufacturing 00:48:31:11 00:48:32:05 Peter Drobac: lots of vaccines? 00:48:32:06 00:48:33:22 Peter Drobac: Why don't we open up 00:48:33:23 00:48:35:11 Peter Drobac: that IP and have a 00:48:35:12 00:48:36:17 Peter Drobac: Marshall Plan style 00:48:36:18 00:48:37:16 Peter Drobac: effort to manufacture 00:48:37:17 00:48:38:14 Peter Drobac: as many of these vaccines 00:48:38:15 00:48:39:19 Peter Drobac: as we can and then distribute 00:48:39:20 00:48:40:19 Peter Drobac: them everywhere? 00:48:41:04 00:48:42:05 Peter Drobac: So it's a massive 00:48:42:06 00:48:43:02 Peter Drobac: effort. But I think, as 00:48:43:03 00:48:45:05 Peter Drobac: you said, Cheryl, so 00:48:45:06 00:48:46:22 Peter Drobac: important that we we 00:48:47:08 00:48:48:10 Peter Drobac: work together as a 00:48:48:11 00:48:49:12 Peter Drobac: community, as an ecosystem 00:48:49:13 00:48:50:22 Peter Drobac: and as a movement to 00:48:50:23 00:48:52:15 Peter Drobac: put pressure on 00:48:53:01 00:48:54:05 Peter Drobac: governments and multilateral 00:48:54:06 00:48:56:01 Peter Drobac: bodies to to to create 00:48:56:02 00:48:57:12 Peter Drobac: change. And I think 00:48:57:13 00:48:58:21 Peter Drobac: that the sentiment is 00:48:58:22 00:49:00:12 Peter Drobac: often there, but often 00:49:00:13 00:49:01:19 Peter Drobac: times of an emergency, 00:49:01:24 00:49:02:19 Peter Drobac: people tend to turn 00:49:02:20 00:49:03:24 Peter Drobac: inward or focus on 00:49:03:25 00:49:04:23 Peter Drobac: their own, and I think 00:49:04:24 00:49:06:11 Peter Drobac: we need to we need to 00:49:06:20 00:49:08:02 Peter Drobac: advocate and sometimes 00:49:08:03 00:49:09:09 Peter Drobac: shame our leaders to 00:49:09:10 00:49:11:06 Peter Drobac: be to be a bit bolder 00:49:11:07 00:49:12:03 Peter Drobac: and a bit longer term 00:49:12:04 00:49:13:03 Peter Drobac: in their thinking. 00:49:13:07 00:49:14:15 Peter Drobac: So some other 00:49:14:16 00:49:15:13 Peter Drobac: questions here. 00:49:15:14 00:49:16:13 Peter Drobac: It goes to the idea of 00:49:16:14 00:49:17:12 Peter Drobac: sort of systems 00:49:17:13 00:49:18:14 Peter Drobac: thinking and systems 00:49:18:15 00:49:19:22 Peter Drobac: change, Cheryl, and 00:49:19:23 00:49:21:01 Peter Drobac: asks if you could give 00:49:21:02 00:49:22:17 Peter Drobac: an example of where 00:49:23:01 00:49:24:24 Peter Drobac: a systems change 00:49:25:00 00:49:26:04 Peter Drobac: approach, if you want 00:49:26:05 00:49:27:10 Peter Drobac: to call it that, was 00:49:27:11 00:49:29:00 Peter Drobac: successful in turning 00:49:29:04 00:49:30:14 Peter Drobac: an obstacle or an 00:49:30:15 00:49:32:09 Peter Drobac: enemy into an ally. 00:49:33:01 00:49:34:14 Peter Drobac: How we might sort of overcome 00:49:34:15 00:49:35:10 Peter Drobac: different viewpoints 00:49:35:11 00:49:36:09 Peter Drobac: or differences of opinion 00:49:36:10 00:49:37:04 Peter Drobac: and actually get people 00:49:37:05 00:49:38:08 Peter Drobac: working together for change. 00:49:39:10 00:49:40:09 Cheryl Dorsey: I don't know if I'm 00:49:40:10 00:49:41:25 Cheryl Dorsey: going to precisely 00:49:42:08 00:49:43:12 Cheryl Dorsey: answer it, but again, 00:49:43:13 00:49:44:22 Cheryl Dorsey: I applaud the 00:49:45:01 00:49:46:25 Cheryl Dorsey: question that sort of 00:49:47:00 00:49:48:18 Cheryl Dorsey: takes the altitude up 00:49:48:19 00:49:49:12 Cheryl Dorsey: about how we're 00:49:49:13 00:49:50:07 Cheryl Dorsey: thinking about the 00:49:50:08 00:49:51:09 Cheryl Dorsey: work of social change 00:49:51:10 00:49:52:10 Cheryl Dorsey: and sort of setting it 00:49:52:12 00:49:53:11 Cheryl Dorsey: at the level of 00:49:53:12 00:49:54:11 Cheryl Dorsey: systems. 00:49:54:15 00:49:55:20 Cheryl Dorsey: Again, I spend my day 00:49:55:21 00:49:57:03 Cheryl Dorsey: thinking about the 00:49:57:04 00:49:58:14 Cheryl Dorsey: role of social 00:49:58:19 00:50:00:01 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation in this approach 00:50:00:02 00:50:01:10 Cheryl Dorsey: to tackling problems. 00:50:01:16 00:50:03:04 Cheryl Dorsey: How do we expand 00:50:03:16 00:50:04:12 Cheryl Dorsey: and mobilise and 00:50:04:13 00:50:05:15 Cheryl Dorsey: really sort of build 00:50:05:23 00:50:07:08 Cheryl Dorsey: the movement over the 00:50:07:09 00:50:08:10 Cheryl Dorsey: next number of 00:50:08:11 00:50:09:15 Cheryl Dorsey: decades and begin to 00:50:09:16 00:50:10:15 Cheryl Dorsey: mainstream it? 00:50:10:20 00:50:12:08 Cheryl Dorsey: And it's interesting, 00:50:12:09 00:50:13:05 Cheryl Dorsey: when you look back to 00:50:13:06 00:50:14:10 Cheryl Dorsey: the founding of social 00:50:14:11 00:50:15:17 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation, one of 00:50:15:18 00:50:17:08 Cheryl Dorsey: the driving features 00:50:17:09 00:50:18:09 Cheryl Dorsey: of social innovation 00:50:18:16 00:50:19:24 Cheryl Dorsey: was in many ways sort 00:50:20:00 00:50:21:23 Cheryl Dorsey: of a scepticism of 00:50:21:24 00:50:22:21 Cheryl Dorsey: government. Right? 00:50:22:22 00:50:23:20 Cheryl Dorsey: Sort of. The government 00:50:23:21 00:50:25:06 Cheryl Dorsey: is not solving 00:50:25:12 00:50:26:18 Cheryl Dorsey: societal problems. 00:50:26:20 00:50:27:23 Cheryl Dorsey: So we as civil 00:50:27:24 00:50:29:06 Cheryl Dorsey: society actors, 00:50:29:20 00:50:30:22 Cheryl Dorsey: as social 00:50:30:23 00:50:31:20 Cheryl Dorsey: entrepreneurs will 00:50:31:21 00:50:32:23 Cheryl Dorsey: solve it. Right. 00:50:33:06 00:50:35:08 Cheryl Dorsey: So for the first 30 00:50:35:09 00:50:36:15 Cheryl Dorsey: or so years of the 00:50:36:16 00:50:37:13 Cheryl Dorsey: social innovation 00:50:37:14 00:50:39:03 Cheryl Dorsey: field, there was sort 00:50:39:04 00:50:40:05 Cheryl Dorsey: of an arm's length 00:50:40:06 00:50:42:00 Cheryl Dorsey: view of government 00:50:42:01 00:50:43:10 Cheryl Dorsey: as not a partner, 00:50:43:11 00:50:44:14 Cheryl Dorsey: more so a hindrance. 00:50:44:20 00:50:45:18 Cheryl Dorsey: But as social 00:50:45:19 00:50:46:14 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation began to 00:50:46:15 00:50:47:22 Cheryl Dorsey: take root, there was 00:50:47:23 00:50:49:01 Cheryl Dorsey: a recognition that 00:50:49:06 00:50:50:15 Cheryl Dorsey: government was part 00:50:50:16 00:50:51:15 Cheryl Dorsey: of our larger scale 00:50:51:16 00:50:52:16 Cheryl Dorsey: proposition. Right? 00:50:52:17 00:50:53:21 Cheryl Dorsey: It was sort of the venture 00:50:53:22 00:50:55:23 Cheryl Dorsey: capital arm to help 00:50:56:02 00:50:56:22 Cheryl Dorsey: evidence based 00:50:56:23 00:50:58:02 Cheryl Dorsey: solutions begin to 00:50:58:03 00:50:59:03 Cheryl Dorsey: scale. 00:50:59:08 00:51:00:09 Cheryl Dorsey: So recognising that 00:51:00:10 00:51:01:04 Cheryl Dorsey: someone that you had 00:51:01:05 00:51:02:06 Cheryl Dorsey: held at arm's length 00:51:02:10 00:51:03:08 Cheryl Dorsey: really actually had 00:51:03:09 00:51:04:19 Cheryl Dorsey: to be drawn in has 00:51:04:20 00:51:05:18 Cheryl Dorsey: been an interesting 00:51:05:19 00:51:06:14 Cheryl Dorsey: trajectory in our 00:51:06:15 00:51:07:17 Cheryl Dorsey: field. And I would 00:51:07:18 00:51:09:02 Cheryl Dorsey: say we're also now 00:51:09:03 00:51:10:02 Cheryl Dorsey: seeing that 00:51:10:07 00:51:11:05 Cheryl Dorsey: rapprochement with 00:51:11:06 00:51:12:15 Cheryl Dorsey: many of the social 00:51:12:16 00:51:13:14 Cheryl Dorsey: innovators who come 00:51:13:15 00:51:14:14 Cheryl Dorsey: at the work through the lens 00:51:14:15 00:51:16:08 Cheryl Dorsey: of justice, beginning 00:51:16:10 00:51:17:21 Cheryl Dorsey: to interrogate 00:51:17:23 00:51:18:21 Cheryl Dorsey: relationships with 00:51:18:22 00:51:19:20 Cheryl Dorsey: the business community. 00:51:19:21 00:51:21:01 Cheryl Dorsey: Right. So there has 00:51:21:02 00:51:22:00 Cheryl Dorsey: been sort of, I think, 00:51:22:01 00:51:23:00 Cheryl Dorsey: a trenchant, 00:51:23:02 00:51:24:18 Cheryl Dorsey: legitimate analysis 00:51:24:22 00:51:26:06 Cheryl Dorsey: of the role of 00:51:26:07 00:51:27:07 Cheryl Dorsey: business as bad 00:51:27:08 00:51:28:14 Cheryl Dorsey: actor, of throwing 00:51:28:15 00:51:29:19 Cheryl Dorsey: off so many negative 00:51:29:20 00:51:31:09 Cheryl Dorsey: externalities and 00:51:31:10 00:51:32:10 Cheryl Dorsey: leaving it to civil 00:51:32:11 00:51:33:11 Cheryl Dorsey: society or government 00:51:33:12 00:51:34:11 Cheryl Dorsey: to clean up. 00:51:34:12 00:51:35:23 Cheryl Dorsey: But sort of the acceleration 00:51:35:24 00:51:37:08 Cheryl Dorsey: in growth and consumption 00:51:37:13 00:51:38:12 Cheryl Dorsey: has led to this sort 00:51:38:13 00:51:39:21 Cheryl Dorsey: of shareholder capitalism 00:51:39:22 00:51:41:10 Cheryl Dorsey: model that has just 00:51:41:11 00:51:42:15 Cheryl Dorsey: widened the gap, has 00:51:42:16 00:51:43:18 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of deepened the 00:51:43:24 00:51:45:03 Cheryl Dorsey: inequities and sort 00:51:45:04 00:51:46:08 Cheryl Dorsey: of driven up the 00:51:46:09 00:51:47:13 Cheryl Dorsey: level of externalities. 00:51:47:14 00:51:49:05 Cheryl Dorsey: But now recognising 00:51:49:09 00:51:50:05 Cheryl Dorsey: when you sort of look 00:51:50:06 00:51:51:06 Cheryl Dorsey: at the largest GDPs 00:51:51:16 00:51:52:16 Cheryl Dorsey: across the globe, 00:51:53:01 00:51:53:20 Cheryl Dorsey: more of them, 00:51:53:21 00:51:54:17 Cheryl Dorsey: increasingly, more of 00:51:54:18 00:51:56:03 Cheryl Dorsey: them are are businesses, 00:51:56:04 00:51:57:18 Cheryl Dorsey: are business enterprises 00:51:57:22 00:51:58:17 Cheryl Dorsey: as opposed to 00:51:58:18 00:51:59:17 Cheryl Dorsey: governments. Right. 00:51:59:19 00:52:01:04 Cheryl Dorsey: You've now got sovereign 00:52:01:05 00:52:02:20 Cheryl Dorsey: actors who are not 00:52:02:21 00:52:03:22 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of democratically 00:52:03:23 00:52:04:23 Cheryl Dorsey: elected. They're business 00:52:04:24 00:52:05:21 Cheryl Dorsey: enterprises. 00:52:05:22 00:52:07:02 Cheryl Dorsey: So this recognition 00:52:07:06 00:52:09:03 Cheryl Dorsey: that until we work 00:52:09:04 00:52:10:06 Cheryl Dorsey: with business, until 00:52:10:07 00:52:11:06 Cheryl Dorsey: we sort of figure out 00:52:11:11 00:52:13:05 Cheryl Dorsey: the the S, the G 00:52:13:10 00:52:14:25 Cheryl Dorsey: in ESG and sustainability 00:52:15:04 00:52:16:14 Cheryl Dorsey: and help sort of businesses 00:52:16:15 00:52:17:25 Cheryl Dorsey: to drive into the 00:52:17:26 00:52:19:08 Cheryl Dorsey: core of their various 00:52:19:11 00:52:20:18 Cheryl Dorsey: business operations, 00:52:20:19 00:52:21:18 Cheryl Dorsey: their business 00:52:21:19 00:52:22:24 Cheryl Dorsey: values, the way they 00:52:23:04 00:52:24:19 Cheryl Dorsey: operate and deal with 00:52:24:20 00:52:26:01 Cheryl Dorsey: their stakeholders, 00:52:26:07 00:52:27:10 Cheryl Dorsey: we are never going to 00:52:27:11 00:52:28:08 Cheryl Dorsey: get to the level of 00:52:28:09 00:52:29:09 Cheryl Dorsey: change that we need 00:52:29:20 00:52:30:21 Cheryl Dorsey: because we just simply 00:52:30:22 00:52:31:20 Cheryl Dorsey: can't sort of wrap 00:52:31:21 00:52:32:14 Cheryl Dorsey: our arms and push 00:52:32:15 00:52:33:09 Cheryl Dorsey: back against these 00:52:33:10 00:52:34:12 Cheryl Dorsey: negative externalities. 00:52:34:18 00:52:35:17 Cheryl Dorsey: So from a systems 00:52:35:18 00:52:37:11 Cheryl Dorsey: level, I think social 00:52:37:12 00:52:38:13 Cheryl Dorsey: innovators are thinking 00:52:38:14 00:52:39:23 Cheryl Dorsey: about how are folks 00:52:39:24 00:52:40:18 Cheryl Dorsey: that you're initially 00:52:40:19 00:52:42:07 Cheryl Dorsey: sceptical of or 00:52:42:15 00:52:44:14 Cheryl Dorsey: in opposition to are 00:52:44:15 00:52:45:21 Cheryl Dorsey: actually better to 00:52:45:22 00:52:46:19 Cheryl Dorsey: bring in through an 00:52:46:20 00:52:47:24 Cheryl Dorsey: alliance based model? 00:52:48:02 00:52:48:24 Cheryl Dorsey: And I think that's the 00:52:49:00 00:52:49:20 Cheryl Dorsey: journey that social 00:52:49:21 00:52:51:01 Cheryl Dorsey: innovation continues 00:52:51:02 00:52:52:18 Cheryl Dorsey: to walk through and 00:52:52:22 00:52:53:19 Cheryl Dorsey: go through. And I just 00:52:53:20 00:52:54:14 Cheryl Dorsey: think it makes a lot 00:52:54:15 00:52:55:15 Cheryl Dorsey: of sense when you believe 00:52:55:16 00:52:56:11 Cheryl Dorsey: that we are stronger 00:52:56:12 00:52:57:10 Cheryl Dorsey: together and that 00:52:57:11 00:52:58:06 Cheryl Dorsey: sort of the shared 00:52:58:07 00:52:59:15 Cheryl Dorsey: value creation model 00:52:59:20 00:53:01:00 Cheryl Dorsey: is ultimately going 00:53:01:01 00:53:02:18 Cheryl Dorsey: to be what allows us 00:53:02:21 00:53:03:17 Cheryl Dorsey: to solve many of 00:53:03:18 00:53:04:17 Cheryl Dorsey: these existential 00:53:04:18 00:53:05:17 Cheryl Dorsey: challenges. 00:53:06:05 00:53:07:05 Peter Drobac: And it gets back to 00:53:07:06 00:53:08:05 Peter Drobac: one of those qualities 00:53:08:06 00:53:09:01 Peter Drobac: of leaders that you talked 00:53:09:02 00:53:10:11 Peter Drobac: about earlier in the 00:53:10:12 00:53:11:07 Peter Drobac: hour, that kind of 00:53:11:08 00:53:12:15 Peter Drobac: stickiness, that ability 00:53:12:16 00:53:13:21 Peter Drobac: to get different 00:53:13:22 00:53:14:17 Peter Drobac: stakeholders and 00:53:14:18 00:53:15:19 Peter Drobac: different folks with sometimes 00:53:15:20 00:53:16:16 Peter Drobac: different viewpoints 00:53:16:17 00:53:17:22 Peter Drobac: and incentives, all 00:53:18:16 00:53:19:13 Peter Drobac: rallying together 00:53:19:14 00:53:20:11 Peter Drobac: around a common vision 00:53:20:12 00:53:21:08 Peter Drobac: and a common cause. 00:53:21:09 00:53:22:16 Peter Drobac: And so to Logan, who 00:53:22:17 00:53:23:13 Peter Drobac: asked the question, thank 00:53:23:14 00:53:24:12 Peter Drobac: you for that. I think it's a 00:53:24:13 00:53:25:19 Peter Drobac: really important perspective. 00:53:26:07 00:53:27:05 Peter Drobac: We're just about coming 00:53:27:06 00:53:28:15 Peter Drobac: to time here, Cheryl. 00:53:28:16 00:53:29:10 Peter Drobac: So I'm going to reserve 00:53:29:11 00:53:30:10 Peter Drobac: the last question for 00:53:30:11 00:53:31:05 Peter Drobac: for myself. 00:53:31:06 00:53:32:01 Peter Drobac: And this will be the 00:53:32:02 00:53:33:08 Peter Drobac: sort of advice to the 00:53:33:09 00:53:34:06 Peter Drobac: rising generation 00:53:34:07 00:53:35:06 Peter Drobac: question. 00:53:35:14 00:53:37:02 Peter Drobac: We've talked about how 00:53:37:03 00:53:38:01 Peter Drobac: social innovators and 00:53:38:02 00:53:38:21 Peter Drobac: social entrepreneurs 00:53:38:22 00:53:39:19 Peter Drobac: have been so important, 00:53:39:20 00:53:41:23 Peter Drobac: not just in responding 00:53:41:24 00:53:43:05 Peter Drobac: to the, you know, the 00:53:43:06 00:53:44:12 Peter Drobac: challenges posed by 00:53:44:13 00:53:45:09 Peter Drobac: the pandemic and all 00:53:45:10 00:53:46:09 Peter Drobac: of its ripple effects, 00:53:46:11 00:53:47:09 Peter Drobac: but are going to be critical 00:53:47:10 00:53:48:16 Peter Drobac: to us to reimagine and 00:53:48:17 00:53:49:17 Peter Drobac: remaking the kind of 00:53:49:18 00:53:50:19 Peter Drobac: world we want to live 00:53:50:20 00:53:51:15 Peter Drobac: in. 00:53:51:16 00:53:52:11 Peter Drobac: And we at the Skolll 00:53:52:12 00:53:53:06 Peter Drobac: Centre run a programme 00:53:53:07 00:53:54:12 Peter Drobac: called Map the System, 00:53:54:18 00:53:55:20 Peter Drobac: which engages with 00:53:55:21 00:53:57:01 Peter Drobac: students at universities 00:53:57:02 00:53:58:08 Peter Drobac: around the world, ten 00:53:58:09 00:53:59:04 Peter Drobac: thousand students at 00:53:59:05 00:54:00:19 Peter Drobac: 60 universities to 00:54:00:25 00:54:02:06 Peter Drobac: take on challenges 00:54:02:07 00:54:03:07 Peter Drobac: like this. And so this 00:54:03:08 00:54:04:09 Peter Drobac: year, they're working 00:54:04:10 00:54:05:11 Peter Drobac: on systems reset 00:54:05:12 00:54:06:07 Peter Drobac: problems, how do we 00:54:06:08 00:54:07:06 Peter Drobac: reimagine our health 00:54:07:07 00:54:08:11 Peter Drobac: systems, our economic 00:54:08:12 00:54:09:13 Peter Drobac: systems, our social 00:54:09:14 00:54:10:22 Peter Drobac: systems and think 00:54:10:23 00:54:11:17 Peter Drobac: about the climate 00:54:11:18 00:54:13:02 Peter Drobac: crisis and build that 00:54:13:03 00:54:13:24 Peter Drobac: kind of future that we 00:54:13:25 00:54:14:21 Peter Drobac: want? 00:54:14:22 00:54:15:23 Peter Drobac: What advice would you 00:54:15:24 00:54:17:11 Peter Drobac: have to to those 00:54:17:12 00:54:18:10 Peter Drobac: students and other 00:54:18:11 00:54:19:13 Peter Drobac: rising change makers 00:54:19:14 00:54:20:13 Peter Drobac: around the world who 00:54:21:01 00:54:22:03 Peter Drobac: see the world in flames 00:54:22:04 00:54:22:25 Peter Drobac: right now and want to help 00:54:22:26 00:54:23:24 Peter Drobac: us build something better? 00:54:24:17 00:54:26:11 Speaker: It's such a wonderful 00:54:26:21 00:54:27:19 Speaker: opportunity for the 00:54:27:20 00:54:29:08 Speaker: students. And I think this 00:54:29:09 00:54:30:20 Speaker: is exactly the kind of 00:54:30:21 00:54:32:08 Speaker: pedagogy and curriculum 00:54:32:09 00:54:34:05 Speaker: that we need more of. 00:54:34:06 00:54:35:22 Speaker: I mean, again, to 00:54:36:04 00:54:37:08 Speaker: all of the young people, 00:54:37:15 00:54:39:03 Speaker: your call to action is 00:54:39:21 00:54:41:05 Speaker: to get out there in the 00:54:41:06 00:54:43:04 Speaker: world and do this kind 00:54:43:05 00:54:44:14 Speaker: of reimagination, 00:54:45:08 00:54:46:20 Speaker: this rebuilding, this 00:54:47:08 00:54:48:16 Speaker: reframing that has to 00:54:48:17 00:54:49:17 Speaker: happen. 00:54:49:19 00:54:51:04 Speaker: So many of these crises are 00:54:51:05 00:54:52:12 Speaker: truly existential. 00:54:52:18 00:54:53:22 Speaker: And if you want a future 00:54:53:23 00:54:54:23 Speaker: for yourself and for your 00:54:54:24 00:54:56:23 Speaker: families and to be good 00:54:56:24 00:54:58:11 Speaker: planetary stewards, you've 00:54:58:12 00:54:59:15 Speaker: got to do this work. 00:54:59:21 00:55:01:02 Speaker: I would just say that, 00:55:01:03 00:55:02:06 Speaker: again, I'm an acolyte of 00:55:02:07 00:55:03:03 Speaker: social innovation. 00:55:03:04 00:55:04:03 Speaker: I've sort of given my 00:55:04:04 00:55:05:04 Speaker: professional life to this 00:55:05:05 00:55:06:02 Speaker: field. 00:55:06:03 00:55:06:24 Speaker: But I think one of the 00:55:07:00 00:55:08:17 Speaker: things that we sort of get 00:55:08:18 00:55:10:07 Speaker: wrong is we sort of 00:55:10:11 00:55:11:19 Speaker: unconsciously sent this 00:55:11:20 00:55:13:22 Speaker: message that all of you 00:55:13:23 00:55:15:04 Speaker: incredibly talented young 00:55:15:05 00:55:16:04 Speaker: people should go out and 00:55:16:05 00:55:17:06 Speaker: start something new. 00:55:17:07 00:55:18:10 Speaker: Right. We've sort of 00:55:18:11 00:55:19:15 Speaker: defaulted to the 00:55:19:16 00:55:20:18 Speaker: hagiography or the 00:55:20:19 00:55:22:09 Speaker: mythology of the social 00:55:22:10 00:55:23:19 Speaker: entrepreneur starting 00:55:23:20 00:55:24:15 Speaker: something new. 00:55:24:16 00:55:26:12 Speaker: And in fact, that I'm 00:55:26:13 00:55:27:13 Speaker: saying this, given my day 00:55:27:14 00:55:29:09 Speaker: job, I don't want most of 00:55:29:10 00:55:30:17 Speaker: you to start anything new. 00:55:30:20 00:55:32:03 Speaker: There's plenty of new stuff 00:55:32:04 00:55:33:15 Speaker: out there. It's really hard 00:55:33:16 00:55:34:13 Speaker: work. 00:55:34:14 00:55:35:23 Speaker: A lot of these enterprises 00:55:36:09 00:55:37:24 Speaker: fail or never get to the 00:55:38:00 00:55:39:13 Speaker: level of investment to 00:55:39:23 00:55:41:01 Speaker: drive the change that they 00:55:41:02 00:55:42:01 Speaker: would like to see. 00:55:42:08 00:55:43:25 Speaker: Social innovation is such 00:55:44:04 00:55:45:22 Speaker: a broad category of change 00:55:46:03 00:55:47:14 Speaker: makers, and there are so 00:55:47:15 00:55:49:02 Speaker: many places on the chess 00:55:49:03 00:55:50:15 Speaker: board of society 00:55:51:01 00:55:52:20 Speaker: to take your unique talent, 00:55:53:00 00:55:54:17 Speaker: gifts or skills and to go 00:55:55:01 00:55:56:20 Speaker: drive change as a social 00:55:56:21 00:55:58:03 Speaker: innovator, as a systems 00:55:58:04 00:55:59:16 Speaker: orchestrator, your job 00:56:00:01 00:56:01:17 Speaker: is to figure out the right 00:56:01:18 00:56:02:17 Speaker: alignment, right? 00:56:02:21 00:56:04:09 Speaker: You all have a particular 00:56:04:10 00:56:05:23 Speaker: set of skills, talents and 00:56:05:24 00:56:07:15 Speaker: gifts. You're animated by 00:56:07:23 00:56:08:24 Speaker: a particular passion. 00:56:09:00 00:56:09:25 Speaker: That thing that's going to 00:56:10:06 00:56:11:14 Speaker: get you up every morning, 00:56:11:15 00:56:12:11 Speaker: that will allow you to 00:56:12:12 00:56:13:21 Speaker: drive and hard charge 00:56:13:22 00:56:15:09 Speaker: through a 20 hour day that 00:56:15:10 00:56:16:11 Speaker: you don't mind doing so 00:56:16:12 00:56:17:16 Speaker: because you're so committed 00:56:17:17 00:56:18:13 Speaker: to the cause. 00:56:18:14 00:56:19:18 Speaker: You need to figure out what 00:56:19:19 00:56:21:07 Speaker: that alignment is and then 00:56:21:08 00:56:22:09 Speaker: go out there and do it. 00:56:22:16 00:56:24:04 Speaker: And hopefully for many of 00:56:24:05 00:56:25:19 Speaker: you, it will be figuring 00:56:25:21 00:56:27:07 Speaker: out how to build a more 00:56:27:08 00:56:28:17 Speaker: inclusive capitalism 00:56:28:22 00:56:29:23 Speaker: system. Right. What does an 00:56:29:24 00:56:31:03 Speaker: inclusive economy for the 00:56:31:04 00:56:32:13 Speaker: twenty first century really 00:56:32:14 00:56:33:13 Speaker: look like? 00:56:33:15 00:56:34:23 Speaker: For some of you, it's what 00:56:34:24 00:56:36:04 Speaker: does good government and 00:56:36:05 00:56:37:05 Speaker: governance look like, 00:56:37:11 00:56:38:14 Speaker: right? Go and serve. 00:56:38:15 00:56:39:19 Speaker: Public service is the 00:56:39:20 00:56:41:11 Speaker: highest form of calling in 00:56:41:12 00:56:42:18 Speaker: many ways to sort of keep 00:56:42:19 00:56:44:22 Speaker: together our civic fabric. 00:56:45:02 00:56:46:16 Speaker: For others of you, it's 00:56:46:19 00:56:48:07 Speaker: having deft management 00:56:48:15 00:56:49:23 Speaker: and operational skills. 00:56:49:24 00:56:51:07 Speaker: Right. Go figure out how to 00:56:51:08 00:56:52:14 Speaker: build those supply chains 00:56:52:15 00:56:53:17 Speaker: that are sustainable, that 00:56:53:18 00:56:55:15 Speaker: are ethical, that bring in 00:56:55:16 00:56:56:23 Speaker: local stakeholder 00:56:56:24 00:56:58:09 Speaker: communities. Figuring out 00:56:58:10 00:57:00:00 Speaker: where you fit is your job 00:57:00:14 00:57:01:18 Speaker: at this age and at this 00:57:01:19 00:57:02:21 Speaker: stage of your career. 00:57:02:24 00:57:04:06 Speaker: At Echoing Green, we talk 00:57:04:07 00:57:05:18 Speaker: about head plus heart 00:57:05:19 00:57:06:19 Speaker: equals hustle. 00:57:06:20 00:57:08:02 Speaker: When you sort of get into 00:57:08:03 00:57:09:04 Speaker: that alignment, when that 00:57:09:05 00:57:10:10 Speaker: axis is aligned, 00:57:11:04 00:57:12:07 Speaker: the possibilities are 00:57:12:08 00:57:13:14 Speaker: limitless. And it's your 00:57:13:15 00:57:15:08 Speaker: job to figure out where you 00:57:15:14 00:57:16:20 Speaker: fit in the ecosystem of 00:57:16:21 00:57:17:21 Speaker: change. I wish you good 00:57:17:22 00:57:19:12 Speaker: luck, but it really is the 00:57:19:13 00:57:20:16 Speaker: work of your generation to 00:57:20:17 00:57:22:06 Speaker: do. And I appreciate you 00:57:22:13 00:57:23:22 Speaker: all in advance for giving 00:57:23:23 00:57:24:25 Speaker: your time and your talent 00:57:25:00 00:57:26:09 Speaker: to doing it. But I don't 00:57:26:10 00:57:27:09 Speaker: think there's any more 00:57:27:10 00:57:28:16 Speaker: valuable of a journey for 00:57:28:17 00:57:29:16 Speaker: you all to take. 00:57:31:23 00:57:33:05 Peter Tufano: My thanks to Dr. 00:57:33:06 00:57:34:13 Peter Tufano: Cheryl Dorsey and Dr. 00:57:34:14 00:57:35:13 Peter Tufano: Peter Drobac. 00:57:35:24 00:57:36:23 Peter Tufano: My name is Peter 00:57:36:24 00:57:38:04 Peter Tufano: Tufano and you've been 00:57:38:05 00:57:39:08 Peter Tufano: listening to Leadership 00:57:39:09 00:57:40:13 Peter Tufano: in Extraordinary Times, 00:57:40:23 00:57:42:08 Peter Tufano: a podcast from Oxford 00:57:42:09 00:57:43:08 Peter Tufano: University's Said 00:57:43:10 00:57:44:10 Peter Tufano: Business School. 00:57:45:24 00:57:46:20 Peter Tufano: If you've enjoyed this 00:57:46:21 00:57:47:17 Peter Tufano: episode, it would mean 00:57:47:18 00:57:48:19 Peter Tufano: a great deal to us if 00:57:48:20 00:57:49:19 Peter Tufano: you could leave a review 00:57:50:00 00:57:50:23 Peter Tufano: and subscribe to 00:57:50:24 00:57:51:21 Peter Tufano: future episodes 00:57:51:22 00:57:52:17 Peter Tufano: wherever you get your 00:57:52:18 00:57:53:17 Peter Tufano: podcasts. 00:57:54:05 00:57:55:05 Peter Tufano: Coming up in the series, 00:57:55:06 00:57:56:09 Peter Tufano: we've got conversations 00:57:56:10 00:57:57:06 Peter Tufano: and discussions you won't 00:57:57:07 00:57:58:06 Peter Tufano: want to miss, 00:57:58:07 00:57:59:05 Peter Tufano: including insights 00:57:59:06 00:58:00:09 Peter Tufano: from female leadership, 00:58:00:10 00:58:01:10 Peter Tufano: sustainability, 00:58:01:12 00:58:02:09 Peter Tufano: reporting and capital 00:58:02:10 00:58:03:08 Peter Tufano: markets, and a 00:58:03:09 00:58:04:08 Peter Tufano: discussion on the future 00:58:04:09 00:58:05:07 Peter Tufano: of relations between 00:58:05:08 00:58:06:08 Peter Tufano: China and the West. 00:58:06:19 00:58:07:25 Peter Tufano: If you'd like more information 00:58:08:00 00:58:09:03 Peter Tufano: about this episode and 00:58:09:04 00:58:10:02 Peter Tufano: the Leadership in Extraordinary 00:58:10:03 00:58:11:19 Peter Tufano: Times series, please 00:58:11:20 00:58:12:24 Peter Tufano: visit OxfordAnswers.org. 00:58:15:05 00:58:16:00 Peter Tufano: Thanks for listening.